INDICATORS

Calculation:
1) The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) definition
(“SelectionB”): the following ICD-10 codes: Harmful use, dependence, and other mental
and behavioural disorders due to: opioids (F11), cannabinoids (F12), cocaine (F14), other
stimulants (F15), hallucinogens (F16), multiple drug use (F19). Accidental poisoning (X41,
X42), intentional poisoning (X61, X62), or poisoning by undetermined intent (Y11, Y12)
by: opium (T40.0), heroin (T40.1), other opioids (T40.2), methadone (T40.3), other
synthetic narcotics (T40.4), cocaine (T40.5), other and unspecified narcotics (T40.6),
cannabis (T40.7), lysergide (T40.8), other and unspecified psychodysleptics (T40.9),
psychostimulants (T43.6).
Deaths per 100 000 resident population; age-standardised by the European standard
population.
2) Eurostat: of the list of 65 causes of death, ICD-10: F11–F16
3) the Nordic Medico-Statistical Committee (NOMESCO) definition is following ICD-
10 codes: ICD-10: F11–F16, F18–F19, O35.5, P04.4, X40–X49, X60–X69, Y10–Y19,
T40.0–T40.3, T40.5–T40.9, T43.6.
ECHIM prefers 1.
Notes: For variant 1, the number of deaths is an extract ion of cases from existing General
Mortality Registries according to the above mentioned criteria. This selection was agreed
by the EMCDDA Expert Group on Drug-related deaths. It was called “Selection B” for
General Mortality Registries based on ICD-10. A selection of ICD-9 codes is also available
for countries who haven’t yet implemented ICD-10. Numbers from different countries are
not directly comparable because differences remain in case definition and recording methods,
although in recent years it is considered that quality, validity and therefore comparability
have increased considerably. National definitions usually refer to acute deaths directly related
to drug consumption (“overdoses”, “poisonings” or “drug-induced”).
15. SMOKING-RELATED DEATHS
Definition: Deaths caused by smoking. The definition refers to deaths from combined,
selected causes of death which are known from literature to be related to smoking, per
100 000 inhabitants.
Calculation:
1) WHO: Deaths from all ICD-causes in which smoking is implicated, per 100 000
inhabitants. Includes malignant neoplasms of mouth and pharynx (C00-C14), larynx,
traxea, bronchus, lung (C32-C34) and oesophagus (C15); Ischaemic heart disease (I20-I25);
Cerebrovascular diseases (I60-I69); Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (J40–J47).
2) Smoking attributable deaths. Assuming that relative risks from the US Cancer Prevention
Study (II) can be applied across the EU, then the only added info required is smoking
prevalence by gender (and, ideally, broad age group).
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