WOMEN 'S HEALTH AND MENOPAUSE : - National Heart, Lung ...

TABLE 11–4 (continued)
Adjustment
Recency
of Use
Duration of Use
Country
Reference
Comments
Rectum
RR (95% Confidence Interval)
(Ever versus Never Users)
Colon-
Rectum Colon
Population
(Followup)
No Cancer
Stronger effect
among current users
(RR = 0.5, 0.4–0.8)
Significant trend
(RR = 0.5, 0.4–0.8,
for > 11 year use)
—
0.7
(0.6–0.8)
—
422,373
(7 years)
897 deaths
U.S.A.,
CPS-II
Calle et al., 116
1995
Age.
Linkage study.
Not shown
RR = 0.7
(0.2–2.6
for ≥ 5 years)
0.6
(0.3–1.2)
1.3
(0.9–1.9)
1.0
(0.7–1.5)
32,973
(14 years)
230
Canada
Risch and
Howe, 117
1995
Age (but unaltered by
education, BMI, parity
and OC use).
RR for recent use
= 0.78
(0.55–1.1)
No effect
1.2
(0.7–2.3)
—
—
Unopposed HRT
Opposed HRT
33,779
(7.7 years)
U.S.A.,
BCDDP
Troisi et al., 118
1997
Any HRT
313
1.1
(0.59–1.9)
1.1
(0.7–1.5)
1.4
(0.7–2.5)
1.1
(0.81–1.6)
0.99
(0.79–1.2)
Age.
Significant trend with
recency of use.
0.66
(0.44–0.98)
RR = 0.75
For ≥ 15 years
0.52 +
(0.21–1.31)
0.70 +
(0.45–1.09)
0.81
(0.63–1.04)
7,701
(14.5 years)
249
U.S.A.,
Leisure
World
Cohort
Paganini-Hill, 119
1999
BCDDP = Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project, BMI = Body Mass Index, W/H Ratio = Waist/Hip Ratio, OC = Oral Contraceptives.
+ = Recent users (≤ 1 year)
237