WOMEN 'S HEALTH AND MENOPAUSE : - National Heart, Lung ...

TABLE 11–5
238
Case-Control Studies on Hormone Replacement Therapy and
Colorectal Cancer
Adjustment
Recency
of Use
Duration of Use
RR (95% Confidence Interval)
(Ever versus Never Users)
Country
Reference
Comments
Rectum
Colon
Colon-
Rectum
Case:
Control
(Type of
Controls)
Age.
Not shown
No trend
—
—
≤ 5 yr: 1.1
(0.7–1.9)
≥ 6 yr: 1.0
(0.6–1.6)
143:707
(population)
Washington,
U.S.A.
Weiss et al., 121
1981
Reproductive variables
(diet was uninfluent).
1.5
(0.8–3.0)
0.8
(0.4–1.5)
—
155:311
(population)
Adelaide,
Australia
Potter and
McMichael, 122
1983
Age and parity.
No distinction was
possible between
HRT and OC use.
Not shown
No trend
—
—
1.5
(0.8–2.7)
1.1
(0.7–1.9)
Current users:
Canada
Davis et al., 123
1989
Former users:
720:349
(cancer
patients)
Age, parity, and
hysterectomy.
Not shown
No trend
0.2
(0.0–0.8)
—
0.5
(0.3–0.9)
90:208
(spouses)
Chicago,
U.S.A.
Furner et al., 124
1989
Age, education, cancer
family history, BMI,
parity, menopause, OC,
and energy intake.
RR ≥ 10 yr
since last use:
0.5 (0.3–1.0)
Significant
(RR for ≥ 2 yr use =
0.5, 0.3–0.8)
0.5
(0.3–0.7)
0.6
(0.5–0.9)
0.6
(0.4–0.8)
1,536:3,110
(hospital)
Italy
Negri et al., 18
1989;
Fernandez et
al., 125 1996;
Talamini et
al., 126 1998;
Fernandez et
al., 127 1998