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Figure 2: Screenshot of additional, gradebook indicator allowing items from the gradebook to<br />

be queried and compared.<br />

Major enhancement to improve information representation and afford contacting students<br />

Other questions raised by the IRAC framework, namely the abstracted representation of information<br />

and affordances for action, were also supported through the needs analyses. Therefore, to provide a<br />

clearer picture of student engagement and address the representation challenges around information<br />

abstraction, MEAP+ was developed to display some of the raw information that was otherwise just<br />

shown as percentage risk ratings (Figure 3). MEAP+ was also designed to afford action based on<br />

provided information, in the form of a student contact system that could deliver customisable and<br />

personalisable intervention emails, addressing a key component of the learning analytics cycle<br />

(Arnold & Pistilli, 2012; Clow, 2012; Jayaprakash et al., 2014). Emails could be composed from<br />

suggested snippets that provided short, specific, formative advice (Croton, Willis III, & Fish, 2014)<br />

(Figure 4), and all sent emails were logged to maintain a record of student contact.<br />

Figure 3: Screenshot of the information representation in MEAP+.<br />

184<br />

FP:172

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