ascilite2015

Even though frustration is a negative emotion, there are possible benefits for PSTs experiencing
some frustration in the process of learning new technologies. When PSTs have a whole and full
experience of using RALfie in the future, they may shift from being frustrated to being more selfefficacious
by attending more professional training and having more time exposure to RALfie. The
process of developing self-efficacy is important for PSTs to be more persistent when encountering
setbacks in the future as they have had an experience of moving from being frustrated to being selfefficacious.
Those PSTs who have been through the process of developing self-efficacy should be
more determined and resilient to tackle more difficult technologies in the future and should understand
more deeply about how to develop their students’ self-efficacy for using RALfie in the classroom.
Limitations of this study need to be addressed as well. The small sample size constrains the analysis
of the quantitative data and does not permit generalization. In the interview process, there is the
possibility of researcher bias in the process of data collection or analysis. To minimize bias, the
researcher will cross check themes over time. This research has progressed to a larger trial after
modification of the instruments and methods based on the findings of this pilot. Results of that study
will be shared in future publications.
Acknowledgement: This research was supported through the Australian Government's Collaborative
Research Networks (CRN) program.
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