HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care : Clinical protocols for the European ...

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PCP Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (formerly Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) PCR polymerase chain reaction PCV pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PE pulmonary embolism PEG-IFN pegylated interferon PENTA Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS PEP post-exposure prophylaxis PGL persistent generalized lymphadenopathy PID pelvic inflammatory disease PI protease inhibitor PIT pill identification test PLCS pre-labour caesarean section PLHIV people living with HIV PML progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy PMTCT prevention of mother-to-child transmission (of HIV ) PO per os (orally) POC progestogen-only contraceptive POP progestogen-only pill PPD purified protein derivative (tuberculin skin test reagent) PPE personal protective equipment PPI proton pump inhibitor PPV pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine PTB pulmonary tuberculosis Q every (e.g. Q8H = every 8 hours) QID four times daily QOD every other day QW once weekly R rifampicin RBV ribavirin RCT randomized clinical trial RDA recommended daily allowance RH reproductive health RNA ribonucleic acid RPR rapid plasma reagin RTI reproductive tract infection RTV ritonavir S&RH sexual and reproductive health S streptomycin SMZ sulfamethoxazole SO2 oxygen saturation SQV saquinavir SQV/r saquinavir/ritonavir SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor STI sexually transmitted infection SVR sustained virological response SW sex worker TAM thymidine analogue mutation TB tuberculosis Td tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (for adult use) TDF tenofovir xi
xii TDM therapeutic drug monitoring TE Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis TENS transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation THC tetrahydrocannabinol TID three times daily TIg tetanus immunoglobulin TIW three times weekly TLC total lymphocyte count TMA transcription-mediated amplification Tmax time of peak concentration TMC125 etravirine TMP/SMX trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) TPT tuberculosis preventive treatment TPV tipranavir TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone TT tetanus toxoid Ty21a alive, attenuated typhoid strain UGT uridine 5’ diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase ULN upper limit of normal UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNGASS United Nations General Assembly Special Session UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UNOS United Network for Organ Sharing VCT voluntary counselling and testing VDRL venereal disease research laboratory test VIA visual inspection of the cervix VL viral load VLDL very low density lipoprotein VVC vulvovaginal candidiasis VZIg varicella zoster immunoglobulin VZV varicella zoster virus WHO World Health Organization Z pyrazinamide ZDV zidovudine (also known as azidothymidine (AZT))
Page 1 and 2: HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE Clinica
Page 3 and 4: © World Health Organization 2007 A
Page 5 and 6: iv Acknowledgements The editors wou
Page 7 and 8: vi Marco Vitoria (WHO headquarters)
Page 9 and 10: viii CRP C-reactive protein CS caes
Page 11: x LFT liver function test LGE linea
Page 15 and 16: xiv Introduction HIV is a chronic i
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Page 20 and 21: Annex 7. Glossary .................
Page 22 and 23: HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE CLINICA
Page 24 and 25: HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE CLINICA
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4 HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE CLINI
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I. Principles management of opportu
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management of opportunistic infecti
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Table 8. pcp second-line treatment
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Table 12. oesophageal and dissemina
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5.9.1.2. Treatment Table 15. treatm
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palliative care for people living w
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III. Initial evaluation palliative
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IV. Treatment palliative care for p
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Fig. 2. who analgesic ladder for ma
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Type of pain or treatment Usual sta
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Table 5. prevalence of symptoms in
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Type Symptoms Possible causes Disea
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Type Symptoms Possible causes Disea
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Table 22. Management of mania and B
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Table 24. Management of cough or di
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V. Special advice for terminal care
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Table 27. common manifestations in
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References palliative care for peop
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VI. Suggested minimum data to be co
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136 HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE CLI
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Contents I. Policy and principles .
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I. Policy and principles HIV/AIDS T
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HIV/AIDS TREATMENT AND CARE FOR INJ
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° bacterial pneumonia ° endocardi
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Social factors are: • homelessnes
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Table 3. Interactions between ARV d
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Other medications Use Rifampicin (R
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Table 5. Interactions of illicit dr
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ANNEX 1 ASI6 C © 2004 University o
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• Cardiovascular Hypertension Tac
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Contents I. Epidemiology and natura
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ManageMent of Hepatitis C and HiV C
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Annex 3. Alcohol screening question
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Table 16. a sample of the drug pipe
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3.2. Considerations regarding treat
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278 hiv/aids tReatment and caRe cLi
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I. Prevention strategies Prevention
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Prevention of HePatitis a, B, C and
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Prevention of HePatitis a, B, C and
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5. Contraceptive methods for women
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I. Policy issues Prevention of Hiv
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III. Initial evaluation Prevention
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Prevention of Hiv transmission from
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6. Fungal infections...............
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• Disseminated non-tuberculous my
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Annex 3. Rabies vaccines ..........
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442 hIv/aIds tReatment and caRe clI
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Contents I. Policy issues .........
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I. Policy issues post-exposure prop
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post-exposure prophylaxis for hiv i
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° condom use ° presence of STIs (
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Table 3. thre- drug arv regimens Pr
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VI. Suggested minimum data to be co
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History of antiretroviral treatment
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Test results: HBV: HCV: HIV: Post-t
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Infection control standard precauti
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The World Health Organization (WHO)
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