The Java Language Specification, Third Edition

6.1 Declarations NAMES
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(§15.11), or a method invocation expression (§15.12) in which the method is not
specified by a simple name. The default access is that a member can be accessed
anywhere within the package that contains its declaration; other possibilities are
public, protected, and private.
Fully qualified and canonical names (§6.7) and naming conventions (§6.8) are
also discussed in this chapter.
The name of a field, parameter, or local variable may be used as an expression
(§15.14.2). The name of a method may appear in an expression only as part of a
method invocation expression (§15.12). The name of a class or interface type may
appear in an expression only as part of a class literal (§15.8.2), a qualified this
expression (§15.8.4), a class instance creation expression (§15.9), an array creation
expression (§15.10), a cast expression (§15.16), an instanceof expression
(§15.20.2), an enum constant (§8.9), or as part of a qualified name for a field or
method. The name of a package may appear in an expression only as part of a
qualified name for a class or interface type.
6.1 Declarations
A declaration introduces an entity into a program and includes an identifier (§3.8)
that can be used in a name to refer to this entity. A declared entity is one of the following:
• A package, declared in a package declaration (§7.4)
• An imported type, declared in a single-type-import declaration (§7.5.1) or a
type-import-on-demand declaration (§7.5.2)
• A class, declared in a class type declaration (§8.1)
• An interface, declared in an interface type declaration (§9.1)
• A type variable (§4.4), declared as a formal type parameter of a generic class
(§8.1.2), interface (§9.1.2), method (§8.4.4) or constructor (§8.8.1).
• A member of a reference type (§8.2, §9.2, §10.7), one of the following:
DRAFT
◆ A member class (§8.5, §9.5).
◆ A member interface (§8.5, §9.5).
◆ an enum constant (§8.9).
◆ A field, one of the following:
❖ A field declared in a class type (§8.3)