The Java Language Specification, Third Edition

4.2.2 Integer Operations TYPES, VALUES, AND VARIABLES
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• For char, from '\u0000' to '\uffff' inclusive, that is, from 0 to 65535
4.2.2 Integer Operations
The Java programming language provides a number of operators that act on integral
values:
• The comparison operators, which result in a value of type boolean:
◆ The numerical comparison operators = (§15.20.1)
◆ The numerical equality operators == and != (§15.21.1)
• The numerical operators, which result in a value of type int or long:
◆ The unary plus and minus operators + and - (§15.15.3, §15.15.4)
◆ The multiplicative operators *, /, and % (§15.17)
◆ The additive operators + and - (§15.18)
◆ The increment operator ++, both prefix (§15.15.1) and postfix (§15.14.2)
◆ The decrement operator --, both prefix (§15.15.2) and postfix (§15.14.3)
◆ The signed and unsigned shift operators , and >>> (§15.19)
◆ The bitwise complement operator ~ (§15.15.5)
◆ The integer bitwise operators &, |, and ^ (§15.22.1)
• The conditional operator ? : (§15.25)
• The cast operator, which can convert from an integral value to a value of any
specified numeric type (§5.5, §15.16)
• The string concatenation operator + (§15.18.1), which, when given a String
operand and an integral operand, will convert the integral operand to a
String representing its value in decimal form, and then produce a newly created
String that is the concatenation of the two strings
Other useful constructors, methods, and constants are predefined in the classes
Byte, Short, Integer, Long, and Character.
If an integer operator other than a shift operator has at least one operand of
type long, then the operation is carried out using 64-bit precision, and the result
of the numerical operator is of type long. If the other operand is not long, itis
first widened (§5.1.5) to type long by numeric promotion (§5.6). Otherwise, the
operation is carried out using 32-bit precision, and the result of the numerical
DRAFT