Public health successes and missed opportunities

Burden of alcohol-attributable mortality in the WHO European Region, 1990–2014
factors along with the use of alcohol, with alcohol also playing a role in the mortality. It should also be noted that the
methodology used for comparative risk assessment did not adequately control for other risk factors.
Fig. 26. Trends in age-standardized adult mortality due to alcohol-attributable liver cirrhosis Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, 1990–2014
Rate per million
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
WHO
European Region
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
burden of mortality WHO Euro due to Alcohol-attributable
Turkmenistan
cancer
Tajikistan
Kazakhstan
Fig. 27–35 show the age-standardized Uzbekistan mortality rates for alcohol-attributable cancer for the various clusters of countries.
Azerbaijan
As indicated above, the overall variability in cancer mortality rates, both within and between countries, is much lower
than for other cause-of-death categories; Turkey
Kyrgyzstan
thus, the variation in mortality due to alcohol-attributable cancer is mainly
Armenia
based on differences in the level of overall alcohol exposure (as expressed in adult per capita consumption of alcohol;
see above). As a result, despite the overall limited variation, the following regional tendencies can be distinguished: most
Mediterranean, Nordic, central-western EU and south-eastern WHO European Region countries were below the WHO
European Region average, whereas most of the central-eastern EU and eastern European countries including the Russian
Federation were above the EU average.
Georgia
27