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26 Preston, “The Fabric of Fact,” 34.
27 Ibid., 16.
28 Ibid., 19.
29 Michael Robertson, Stephen Crane, Journalism, and the Making of Modern American Literature
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1997), 3.
30 George H. Douglas, The Golden Age of the Newspaper (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1999), 6.
31 “The newspaper began to reflect, not the affairs of an elite in a small trading society, but the
activities of an increasingly varied, urban, and middle-class society,” writes Michael Schudson in
Discovering the News: A Social History of American Newspapers (New York: Basic Books, 1978),
22.
32 Douglas, The Golden Age of the Newspaper, 73–74.
33 Quoted in Douglas, The Golden Age of the Newspaper, 103.
34 Michael Emery, Edwin Emery, Nancy L. Roberts, The Press and America: An Interpretive
History of the Mass Media, 9th ed. (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2000), 172.
35 Lincoln Steffens, The Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens (New York: Harcourt, Brace and
Company, 1931), 317.
36 “At various times Crane published his true-life sketches of local color in every major New
York paper,” in addition to newspapers and magazines across the nation. Hartsock, A History of
American Literary Journalism, 34.
37 Robertson, Stephen Crane, Journalism, and the Making of Modern American Literature, 56.
38 Hough, “How ‘New’?” 117–119.
39 Robertson, 57.
40 Alan Trachtenberg, “Experiments in Another Country: Stephen Crane’s City Sketches,” The
Southern Review 10: 278.
41 Hartsock, A History of American Literary Journalism, 217.
42 Ibid., 244.
43 Wolfe, The New Journalism, 5.
44 Whereas the country underwent a similar process of self-reflection in the late 1960s, I would