IFR VFR - MultiMania

16.4 EROPS/ETOPS
Extended Range OperationS (or Extanded range Twin OperationS) apply for twin-engine
ACFT with MTOW 5001k+ & 21P+ engaged in commercial transportation over routes than
contains a point further than 60 minutes still air at 1# out cruising speed (ISA cond.) from a
adequate AD.
Recall: Suitable=Adequate+MTO OK
Maximum Still Air Time from an adequate AD:
� No permission to operate as EROPS: 60min (for class A only 1 );
Beyond this distance EROPS/ETOPS must be allowed:
� Permission allowed: 120min (Area A & B) for 6 month;
� If no incident after 6 month: 120+15% => 138min (A,B&C) for a further 12 month;
� If still ok, may be increased to a max. of: 180min (Allowed in areas A,B,C & D).
� Booth times at the 1# out cruise speed.
1 For Class B&C, this distance is increased to 120min or 300NM if less.
16.5 Flight Planning – General Definitions
Aerodynamic ceiling: Cf. Buffet onset
Absolute ceiling: Altitude at which ACFT have 0ft/min RoC.
Optimum Ceiling: Altitude at which ACFT attains the MR (Max Specific Air Range)
SARMAX
= TAS = EAS . 1 . 1 (JET)
FF D σ TSFC
Service ceiling: Altitude at which: RoC = 500ft/min (JET)
*1.5 100ft/min (PROP)
Net Ceiling: Altitude at which: RoC = 750ft/min (JET)
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150ft/min(PROP)