conférence de la haye de droit international privé - HCCH

LUXEMBOURG
Peuvent bénéficier d’une décision relative à des aliments toutes les personnes qui, d’après la
loi, peuvent se prévaloir d’une créance alimentaire. Les obligations alimentaires instituées par
la loi sont réciproques, c’est-à-dire que le créancier d’aliments peut aussi être débiteur
d’aliments.
Une telle obligation alimentaire existe :
- en ligne directe entre les enfants, leurs père et mère ou autres ascendants;
- entre certains alliés (beaux-parents, gendres et belles-filles), sous réserve de certaines
limitations légales ;
- entre conjoints.
Un projet de loi relatif aux effets légaux de certains partenariats, actuellement engagé dans la
procédure législative, prévoit, à titre exceptionnel, il est vrai, la possibilité pour un partenaire
de demander à l’autre des aliments, à la fin du partenariat.
MALTA
The persons so eligible have been pointed out in the following list. Relevant supporting
provisions of the law indicating the eligibility criteria have been cited after each person
mentioned as entitled to benefit from a maintenance order.
(a) A spouse
▪ Both spouses are bound, each in proportion to his or her means and of his or her
ability to work whether in the home or outside the home as the interest of the family
requires, to maintain each other and … (Section 3 Civil Code)
▪ In regard to maintenance, the spouse shall have a prior right over the parents or
other ascendants. (Section 5 (1) Civil Code)
▪ Notwithstanding any other provision, the spouse who was responsible for the nullity
of marriage, is bound to pay maintenance to the other spouse in good faith for a
period of five years, which duty shall cease if the party in good faith marries during
such period. (Section 20(5) of the Marriage Act)
(b) A Child
▪ Maintenance imposes on both spouses the obligation to look after, maintain, instruct
and educate the children of the marriage … (Section 3B Civil Code)
▪ Where both children and spouse claim maintenance, they shall be in a position of
equality. (Section 5(2) Civil Code)
▪ Parents are bound to look after, maintain, instruct and educate their children in the
manner laid down in article 3B of this Code. (Section 7(1) Civil Code)
▪ Section 57 (Civil Code) caters for maintenance and the care and custody of children
in the context of personal separation. Section 57(1) reads as follows:
Whosoever may be the person to whom the children are entrusted, the father and
mother shall maintain their right to watch over their maintenance and education, and
shall still be bound to contribute thereto, according to law.
▪ The Children and Young Persons (Care Orders) Act enables the Minister responsible
for social welfare to take a child or young person (i.e. a person under the age of
sixteen years) under his hand so as to take such child or young person into his care.
This occurs if upon representations made to the said Minister in writing by the
Director of the Department responsible for social welfare and after giving the parents
and the guardian, if any, of the child or young person an opportunity to express their
views, and after hearing any other person he may deem likely to assist him, the
Minister is satisfied that the child or young person as the case may be, is in need of
care, protection or control (as per Section 4(1) of the Act herementioned).
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