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conférence de la haye de droit international privé - HCCH

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spouses living in legal separation is adjudicated in accordance with the <strong>la</strong>w un<strong>de</strong>r which the<br />

spouses were divorced.<br />

ISRAEL<br />

The <strong>la</strong>w pertaining to maintenance is contained in the Maintenance Act of 1959 but since, in<br />

terms of this Act, the <strong>la</strong>w applying to maintenance of spouses and minor children is the<br />

personal <strong>la</strong>w of a person, reference has to be ma<strong>de</strong> to the particu<strong>la</strong>r religious <strong>la</strong>w, i.e. Jewish<br />

<strong>la</strong>w, Is<strong>la</strong>m, etc. When, however, the personal <strong>la</strong>w makes no provision for a parent to pay<br />

maintenance for their child, the Maintenance Act imposes a duty to pay maintenance.<br />

JAPAN<br />

The <strong>la</strong>w of the habitual resi<strong>de</strong>nce of the creditor shall apply. If he/she is unable to obtain<br />

support from the <strong>de</strong>btor un<strong>de</strong>r the said <strong>la</strong>w, the <strong>la</strong>w of their common nationality shall apply. If<br />

the creditor is unable to obtain support un<strong>de</strong>r either of the <strong>la</strong>ws mentioned above, the <strong>la</strong>w of<br />

Japan shall apply (Article 2 of the Law Re<strong>la</strong>ting to the Law Applicable to Maintenance<br />

Obligations. This <strong>la</strong>w has been enacted to implement the 1973 Hague Convention on the<br />

Applicable Law to Maintenance Obligations).<br />

LUXEMBOURG<br />

Après <strong>la</strong> ratification <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> Convention <strong>de</strong> La Haye du 2 octobre 1973 sur <strong>la</strong> loi applicable aux<br />

obligations alimentaires, le régime décou<strong>la</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> celle-ci constitue dorénavant le <strong>droit</strong> commun<br />

<strong>de</strong>s conflits <strong>de</strong> lois en matière d’obligations alimentaires décou<strong>la</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> re<strong>la</strong>tions <strong>de</strong> famille, <strong>de</strong><br />

parenté, <strong>de</strong> mariage ou d’alliance, y compris les obligations alimentaires à l’égard d’enfants<br />

nés hors mariage.<br />

Il en résulte par exemple que les obligations alimentaires entre époux, dans le cadre d’un<br />

divorce, sont régies par <strong>la</strong> loi applicable au divorce, qui au Luxembourg, est soit <strong>la</strong> loi nationale<br />

<strong>de</strong>s époux lorsqu’elle leur est commune, soit <strong>la</strong> loi <strong>de</strong> leur domicile effectif commun, lorsqu’ils<br />

sont <strong>de</strong> nationalité différente, soit <strong>la</strong> loi du for lorsque les époux <strong>de</strong> nationalité différente n’ont<br />

pas <strong>de</strong> domicile effectif commun. Les procédures subséquentes en révision sont également en<br />

principe régies par <strong>la</strong> loi appliquée à <strong>la</strong> dissolution du mariage.<br />

MALTA<br />

The Civil Co<strong>de</strong> outlines who is eligible to obtain maintenance. For further <strong>de</strong>tails please refer to<br />

question 2 above.<br />

44

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