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conférence de la haye de droit international privé - HCCH

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SLOVAKIA<br />

The <strong>la</strong>w applicable to the whole maintenance obligation (including the eligibility) is the lex<br />

patriae of the beneficiary. However, the <strong>la</strong>w does not specifically regu<strong>la</strong>te the issue in respect<br />

of other (family) re<strong>la</strong>tions than the ones listed in point 2 above.<br />

SUISSE<br />

S’agissant <strong>de</strong> l’obligation alimentaire, <strong>la</strong> loi fédérale sur le <strong>droit</strong> <strong>international</strong> <strong>privé</strong> (LDIP)<br />

renvoie expressément, tant pour les prétentions <strong>de</strong> l’enfant que pour celles <strong>de</strong>s époux, à <strong>la</strong><br />

convention <strong>de</strong> La Haye du 2 octobre 1973 sur <strong>la</strong> loi applicable aux obligations alimentaires (art.<br />

49 et 83 LDIP). L’application par analogie <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> dite convention est également prévue pour les<br />

prétentions <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> mère non mariée (art. 83 al. 2 LDIP).<br />

De manière plus générale, les effets du mariage sont en principe régis par le <strong>droit</strong> <strong>de</strong> l’Etat<br />

dans lequel les époux sont domiciliés (art. 48 al. 1 LDIP) et les effets <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> filiation par le <strong>droit</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> l’Etat <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> rési<strong>de</strong>nce habituelle <strong>de</strong> l’enfant (art. 82 al.1 LDIP). La loi applicable peut être<br />

différente dans <strong>de</strong>s cas particuliers (si les époux ne sont pas domiciliés dans le même Etat<br />

respectivement si aucun <strong>de</strong>s parents n’est domicilié dans l’Etat <strong>de</strong> rési<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong> l’enfant, art. 48<br />

al. 2 LDIP et 82 al. 2 LDIP).<br />

SWEDEN<br />

The <strong>la</strong>w of the State where the <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt has his or her habitual resi<strong>de</strong>nce is applicable if the<br />

parties do not agree otherwise.<br />

UNITED KINGDOM - ENGLAND AND WALES<br />

Lex fori<br />

• Child Support Act 1991 as amen<strong>de</strong>d by Child Support Act 1995, Social Security Act 1998<br />

and Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act 2000.<br />

• Children Act 1989 Schedule 1.<br />

• Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 sections 23,24A, 27 and 10(2).<br />

• Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates’ Courts Act 1978 sections 2, 6 & 7.<br />

• Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975 sec 2.<br />

UNITED KINGDOM - SCOTLAND<br />

The <strong>la</strong>w applicable to the question of eligibility of a child and a spouse to obtain maintenance is<br />

the Family Law (Scot<strong>la</strong>nd) Act 1985, sections 1 to 7 and the Child Support Act 1991.<br />

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA<br />

As a general matter, U.S. jurisdictions apply the <strong>la</strong>w of the forum, including applicable fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

<strong>la</strong>w, in making <strong>de</strong>cisions regarding maintenance. (This is to be distinguished from cases where<br />

a U.S. tribunal is enforcing a foreign <strong>de</strong>cision. The U.S. tribunal will generally not reopen<br />

<strong>de</strong>terminations ma<strong>de</strong> by the foreign tribunal, so long as the foreign tribunal had personal<br />

jurisdiction over the obligor un<strong>de</strong>r U.S. <strong>la</strong>w.)<br />

(a) Eligibility for child support is <strong>de</strong>termined primarily by state <strong>la</strong>ws. Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>la</strong>ws affecting<br />

the eligibility of a child for maintenance may be found in section 454 of title IV-D, 42<br />

46

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