Review of Maritime Transport 2010 - Unctad

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viii Review of MARitiMe tRANspoRt 2010 4.1. Tanker freight market summary: various vessel sizes, 2003–2010 .................................................. 76 4.2. Baltic Exchange Dry Bulk Index, 2008–2010 .................................................................................... 81 4.3. Dry cargo freight indices, 2004–2010 ............................................................................................... 83 4.4. New ConTex 2007–2010 ................................................................................................................... 87 4.5. Freight rates (market averages) per TEU on the three major liner trade routes (both directions) ...... 88 4.6. Quarterly average lease rates 2008–2009 ........................................................................................ 90 5.1. Trans‑European transport network ................................................................................................... 105 5.2. Map of Asian highways .................................................................................................................... 105 5.3. Trans‑African highway network ......................................................................................................... 106 5.4. Transport of goods by road, EU‑27 .................................................................................................. 106 5.5. Freight traffic trends around the world ............................................................................................. 111 5.6. Inland water navigation systems (top six countries) ........................................................................ 115 7.1. Share of world GDP, 2000–2020 ....................................................................................................... 142 7.2. GDP growth estimates for the subregions of Asia for 2010 ............................................................. 145 7.3. Container throughput in Asia ............................................................................................................ 148 7.4. Asia’s share in world container throughput ...................................................................................... 149 7.5. Regional trade facilitation initiatives and arrangements in Asia ....................................................... 157 7.6. Breakdown of trade facilitation‑related provisions as contained in regional trade agreements concluded by Asian countries .......................................................................................................... 159 7.7. The cost of trade is highest in the landlocked developing countries ............................................... 161 7.8. A snapshot of trading across borders .............................................................................................. 162 7.9. Percentage of time spent on four individual stages of the trade process in Asian countries ......... 162 7.10. Number of days necessary to complete export procedures in developing Asia ............................. 163 7.11. Number of days necessary to complete import procedures in developing Asia ............................. 164 Box 6.1. Contracting States party to selected conventions on maritime transport, as at 31 August 2010 ... 133 6.2. UNCTAD assistance in the area of the WTO negotiations on trade facilitation ............................... 135 7.1. The ASEAN Single Window as a major regional trade facilitation initiative ...................................... 158 7.2. The benefits of introducing an automated customs system in a landlocked developing country .. 165 7.3. Lessons learned from automating customs procedures in Nepal ................................................... 166 7.4. Computerized transit corridors: the case of Afghanistan ................................................................. 167
CoNteNts ABBREvIATIONS AND EXPLANATORy NOTES Abbreviations aeo Authorized Economic Operator afdB African Development Bank afta ASEAN Free Trade Agreement aladi Latin American Integration Association apeC Asia‑Pacific Economic Cooperation asean Association of Southeast Asian Nations asYCUda Automated System for Custom aU African Union Baf bunker adjustment factor bcm billion cubic metres Bdi Baltic Exchange Dry Index BimsteC Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation BWm Convention International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments Caf currency adjustment factor cbm cubic metres CBp United States Customs and Border Protection Cdm Clean Development Mechanism CGpCs Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia Cis Commonwealth of Independent States Co 2 carbon dioxide cst centiStokes C-tpat Customs–Trade Partnership Against Terrorism dHs United States Department of Homeland Security dis Danish International Register of Shipping dwt deadweight tons eedi Energy Efficiency Design Index eeoi Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator eia Energy Information Administration eori Economic Operator Registration and Identification ets emissions trading scheme esCap Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific eU European Union fdi foreign direct investment feU 40‑foot equivalent unit f.o.b. free on board ix
Page 1 and 2: United nations ConferenCe on trade
Page 3 and 4: ii NOTE Review of MARitiMe tRANspoR
Page 5 and 6: CoNteNts ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Revie
Page 7 and 8: CoNteNts 7. Review of regional deve
Page 9: CoNteNts 7.4. World’s 10 busiest
Page 13 and 14: List of AbbReviAtioNs rta regional
Page 15 and 16: Vessel groupings used in the Review
Page 17: exeCUtive sUMMARy Freight rates 200
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42 c. reGIstratIoN of shIPs 1. flag
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44 Review of MaRitiMe tRanspoRt 201
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48 Country or territory of ownershi
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50 built 33 ships, mostly specializ
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52 Figure 2.9. Average age of broke
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54 Table 2.12. World tonnage on ord
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56 Figure 2.11 . World tonnage on o
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58 for operators. The world’s lar
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60 A notable exception to this has
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3 PRODUCTIVITY OF THE WORLD FLEET,
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CHapteR 3: pRoDUCtivitY of tHe woRL
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74 Introduction to freight rates Th
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76 Figure 4.1. Tanker freight marke
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78 in 2009 equated to approximately
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80 exporter, with an expected marke
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82 amounted to 32,594,000 tons in J
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84 Table 4.3. Dry cargo freight ind
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86 Table 4.4. Container ship time c
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88 Table 4.5. Freight rates (market
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90 Figure 4.6 . Quarterly average l
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94 A. port developments Container p
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98 Table 5.3. Average LSCI rankings
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100 Improvements in port performanc
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102 ore storage shed, two warehouse
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104 Table 5.6. Road transportation
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106 Figure 5.3. Trans-African highw
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108 Table 5.8. Major world railway
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110 Table 5.8. Major world railway
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114 Table 5.13. Extent of physical
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116 endnotes Review of MaRitiMe tRa
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118 A. LEGAL ISSUES AND REGULATORY
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120 Index (EEDI) and on the Energy
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122 (ii) Another proposal, which hi
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124 basic approval to a further eig
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126 Businesses that are awarded the
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128 unanticipated delays resulting
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130 participants from developing co
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132 more than 65 international labo
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134 C. THE WTO NEGOTIATIONS ON TRAD
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136 ENDNOTES Review of MaRitiMe tRa
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142 A. ECONOMIC SItuAtION ANd PrOSP
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144 Table 7.1. Asia-Pacific economi
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148 share of exports to developing
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150 busiest seaports In 2009, the 1
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152 Table 7.7. Container port throu
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156 Table 7.10. Merchant fleet by f
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158 Box 7.1. The ASEAN Single Windo
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160 certificates of origin (fig. 7.
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162 Figure 7.8. A snapshot of tradi
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164 Figure 7.11. Number of days nec
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166 Box 7.3. Lessons learned from a
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168 has hit Asian countries and sub
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statistical annex I. Classification
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statistical annex 173 Annex I. Clas
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statistical annex 175 Annex I. Clas
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statistical annex 177 Annex II. Wor
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statistical annex 179 Annex III. (a
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statistical annex 185 Annex III. (b
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statistical annex 187 Annex III. (b
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statistical annex 189 Annex IV. UNC
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statistical annex 191 Annex IV. UNC
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QUESTIONNAIRE Review of Maritime Tr
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