Review of Maritime Transport 2010 - Unctad

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96 Review of MaRitiMe tRanspoRt 2010 Table 5.1. Container port traffic for 65 developing economies: 2007, 2008 and 2009 (in TEUs) (concluded) Name of country or territory 2007 2008 Preliminary figures for 2009 Percentage change 2008–2007 Percentage change 2009–2008 Jordan 414 000 582 515 674 525 40.70 15.80 Yemen 773 016 772 792 634 876 -0.03 -17.85 Kenya 585 367 615 733 618 816 5.19 0.50 Uruguay 596 487 675 273 588 410 13.21 -12.86 Syrian Arab Republic 538 525 610 607 575 299 13.39 -5.78 Honduras 636 435 669 802 571 756 5.24 -14.64 Trinidad and Tobago 514 557 554 093 567 183 7.68 2.36 Ghana 544 294 612 362 551 126 12.51 -10.00 Ukraine 990 201 1 123 268 522 364 13.44 -53.50 Sudan 342 152 391 139 431 232 14.32 10.25 Mauritius 412 896 454 433 420 055 10.06 -7.57 United Republic of Tanzania 350 991 363 310 343 851 3.51 -5.36 Senegal 424 457 347 483 331 076 -18.13 -4.72 Cuba 319 857 319 000 287 100 -0.27 -10.00 Papua New Guinea 282 356 254 592 262 209 -9.83 2.99 Algeria 200 050 225 140 249 073 12.54 10.63 Tunisia 420 501 424 780 243 995 1.02 -42.56 Cameroon 217 681 270 000 243 000 24.03 -10.00 Bahrain 238 624 269 331 242 398 12.87 -10.00 Cambodia 253 271 258 775 232 898 2.17 -10.00 Georgia 184 792 209 614 188 653 13.43 -10.00 Namibia 148 234 183 605 165 245 23.86 -10.00 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 122 122 174 827 157 344 43.16 -10.00 Croatia 145 040 168 761 151 885 16.35 -10.00 Guam 165 427 167 784 151 006 1.42 -10.00 Madagascar 112 427 143 371 132 278 27.52 -7.74 El Salvador 144 458 156 323 126 369 8.21 -19.16 Subtotal 317 479 388 343 228 373 316 693 913 8.11 7.73 Other reported b 621 116 715 048 594 822 15.12 -17.11 Total reported c 316 692 444 345 345 013 317 288 735 9.05 -7.81 World total 488 916 538 515 762 923 465 597 537 5.49 -9.73 Source: UNCTAD secretariat, derived from information contained in Containerization International Online (June 2010), from various Dynamar B.V. publications, and from information obtained by the UNCTAD secretariat directly from terminal and port authorities. a Singapore, in this table, includes the port of Jurong. b Comprises developing economies where fewer than 100,000 TEUs per year were reported or where a substantial lack of data was noted. c Certain ports did not respond to the background survey. While they were not among the largest ports, the total omissions can be estimated at 5 to 10 per cent. d While every effort is made to obtain up-to-date data, the figures for 2009 are, in some cases, estimates. Port throughput figures tend not to be disclosed by ports until a considerable time after the end of the calendar year. In some cases, this is due to the publication of annual accounts at the close of the financial year. Country totals may conceal the fact that minor ports may not be included; therefore, in some cases, the actual figures may be higher than those given. The figures for 2008 are generally regarded as more reliable, and are therefore more often quoted in the accompanying text.
CHapteR 5: poRt and MultiModal tRanspoRt developMents 97 Table 5.2. Top 20 container terminals and their throughput for 2007, 2008 and 2009 (in TEUs and percentage change) Port name 2007 2008 2009 Percentage change 2007–2008 Percentage change 2008–2009 Singapore a 27 935 500 29 918 200 25 866 400 7.10 -13.54 Shanghai 26 150 000 27 980 000 25 002 000 7.00 -10.64 Hong Kong 23 998 449 24 248 000 20 983 000 1.04 -13.47 Shenzhen 21 099 169 21 413 888 18 250 100 1.49 -14.77 Busan 13 261 000 13 425 000 11 954 861 1.24 -10.95 Guangzhou 9 200 000 11 001 300 11 190 000 19.58 1.72 Dubai 10 653 026 11 827 299 11 124 082 11.02 -5.95 Ningbo 9 360 000 11 226 000 10 502 800 19.94 -6.44 Qingdao 9 462 000 10 320 000 10 260 000 9.07 -0.58 Rotterdam 10 790 604 10 800 000 9 743 290 0.09 -9.78 Tianjin 7 103 000 8 500 000 8 700 000 19.67 2.35 Kaohsiung 10 256 829 9 676 554 8 581 273 -5.66 -11.32 Port Klang 7 118 714 7 970 000 7 309 779 11.96 -8.28 Antwerp 8 175 952 8 663 736 7 309 639 5.97 -15.63 Hamburg 9 900 000 9 700 000 7 010 000 -2.02 -27.73 Los Angeles 8 355 039 7 849 985 6 748 994 -6.04 -14.03 Tanjung Pelepas 5 500 000 5 600 000 6 000 000 1.82 7.14 Long Beach 7 312 465 6 487 816 5 067 597 -11.28 -21.89 Xiamen 4 627 000 5 034 600 4 680 355 8.81 -7.04 Laem Chabang 4 641 914 5 133 930 4 621 635 10.60 -9.98 Total Top 20 234 900 661 246 776 308 220 905 805 5.06 -10.48 Source: UNCTAD secretariat and Containerisation International Online (May 2010). a Singapore, in this table, does not include the port of Jurong. Container port networks Traditional ports are known as “gateway” ports, because they act as a gate through which imports and exports must pass in order to be traded internationally. However, increasingly, ports also function as transhipment ports (most especially, in the liner trade, by taking containers off one ship and placing them on another ship bound for a different destination). To measure containerized trade, UNCTAD has developed the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI), which is described below in greater detail. Liner shipping connectivity Most international trade in manufactured goods is transported by containerized liner shipping services. These liner services form a global maritime transport network, through which practically all coastal countries are connected to one another. The level of “connectivity” of countries to this global network varies, and UNCTAD’s annual LSCI aims at capturing trends and differences in countries’ liner shipping connectivity. The LSCI has been produced since 2004. It covers 162 coastal countries, and consists of five components, namely (a) the number of ships; (b) their container-carrying capacity; (c) the number of companies; (d) the number of services provided; and (e) the size of the largest vessels that provide services from and to each country’s seaports. 3 Most LDCs are also among the least connected countries. The average ranking of LDCs in 2010 was 111, compared to an average ranking of 78 for other developing countries and 64 for developed countries (table 5.3). 4 Container shipping companies are less likely to provide services to and from the seaports of LDCs, because (a) national trade volumes tend to be lower; and (b) a lower level of development will often make ports less attractive for transhipment and transit cargo.
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United nations ConferenCe on trade
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ii NOTE Review of MARitiMe tRANspoR
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CoNteNts ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Revie
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CoNteNts 7. Review of regional deve
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CoNteNts 7.4. World’s 10 busiest
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CoNteNts ABBREvIATIONS AND EXPLANAT
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List of AbbReviAtioNs rta regional
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Vessel groupings used in the Review
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exeCUtive sUMMARy Freight rates 200
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2 A. World economic SituAtion And P
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4 - were surpassing the pre-crisis
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6 Table 1.2. Growth in the volume a
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8 remaining single-hull tankers, ev
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10 Table 1.4. World seaborne trade
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12 Review of MaRitiMe tRanspoRt 201
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18 goods are mainly carried by cont
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20 Figure 1.6. Global container tra
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26 per cent). Nevertheless, coal re
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28 information, see, for example, h
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30 a. structure of the world fleet
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32 carrying capacity of the 14,770
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34 Container production and leasing
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36 Table 2.5. Age distribution of t
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42 c. reGIstratIoN of shIPs 1. flag
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Page 81 and 82: 3 PRODUCTIVITY OF THE WORLD FLEET,
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Page 92 and 93: 74 Introduction to freight rates Th
Page 94 and 95: 76 Figure 4.1. Tanker freight marke
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Page 98 and 99: 80 exporter, with an expected marke
Page 100 and 101: 82 amounted to 32,594,000 tons in J
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Page 108 and 109: 90 Figure 4.6 . Quarterly average l
Page 112 and 113: 94 A. port developments Container p
Page 116 and 117: 98 Table 5.3. Average LSCI rankings
Page 118 and 119: 100 Improvements in port performanc
Page 120 and 121: 102 ore storage shed, two warehouse
Page 122 and 123: 104 Table 5.6. Road transportation
Page 124 and 125: 106 Figure 5.3. Trans-African highw
Page 126 and 127: 108 Table 5.8. Major world railway
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Page 132 and 133: 114 Table 5.13. Extent of physical
Page 134 and 135: 116 endnotes Review of MaRitiMe tRa
Page 136 and 137: 118 A. LEGAL ISSUES AND REGULATORY
Page 138 and 139: 120 Index (EEDI) and on the Energy
Page 140 and 141: 122 (ii) Another proposal, which hi
Page 142 and 143: 124 basic approval to a further eig
Page 144 and 145: 126 Businesses that are awarded the
Page 146 and 147: 128 unanticipated delays resulting
Page 148 and 149: 130 participants from developing co
Page 150 and 151: 132 more than 65 international labo
Page 152 and 153: 134 C. THE WTO NEGOTIATIONS ON TRAD
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148 share of exports to developing
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150 busiest seaports In 2009, the 1
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152 Table 7.7. Container port throu
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156 Table 7.10. Merchant fleet by f
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158 Box 7.1. The ASEAN Single Windo
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160 certificates of origin (fig. 7.
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162 Figure 7.8. A snapshot of tradi
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164 Figure 7.11. Number of days nec
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166 Box 7.3. Lessons learned from a
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168 has hit Asian countries and sub
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statistical annex I. Classification
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statistical annex 173 Annex I. Clas
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statistical annex 175 Annex I. Clas
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statistical annex 177 Annex II. Wor
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statistical annex 179 Annex III. (a
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statistical annex 185 Annex III. (b
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statistical annex 187 Annex III. (b
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statistical annex 189 Annex IV. UNC
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statistical annex 191 Annex IV. UNC
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QUESTIONNAIRE Review of Maritime Tr
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