THE BEGINNING OF MUSLIM HISTORICAL RESEARCH*

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D&'iid al-BaghdidI; 'Umar RaQa KahBla, Mu'jam al-Mu'aflijlu~. 11, 201, 202; AI-Zirekli, af-A'lh, I, 252 gives sources in the foot-notes. C. Brockel- mann, Geschichte Der Arabischen Litteratur, I, 147-48; SI, 216; C.H. Becker, and F. Rosenthal, "al-Baliidhurf", in the Encyclopedia of Islmn, (2), I, 971-72; ad-Diirf, Bdth fi Nash'at 'Ilm at-Ta 'rikh 'ind al- 'Arab. 344- 367; A. Zeki Velidi Togan, Tarihte UNl, 184. His FutGb al-Buldtin edited by M.J. De Goeje was published in 1866, pp. 228 + 539. SalBh- uddin al-Munajjid has published a good and critical edition of the same from Cairo in 3 vols. A cheap edition was published at Cairo in 1381/1901, pp. 480; F. Wiistenfeld, Die Geschichteschreiber der Araber mdlhre Werke. No. 74, Kitiib al-W8fi bi'l Wafay&, VIII, No. 3676, 239-41. It is stated that he was a translator from Persian into Arabic. A part of his Kit& Ansiib al-Ashriif was translated and annotated by 0. Pinto and G. Levi Della Vida in II Califo Mu'hviya. I, (1938); D.S. Margoliouth, Arabic Hidorians, 116-1 19. C.H. Becker, Islam Ansiklopedisi, 11, 468-69; S.D.F. Goitein, Introduction to vol. V of al-Baliidhuri's Kitiib al-Ansdb (1936), 1424. The full text of the AnsGb has not yet been published. For the volumes published so far see Jean Sauvaget and Claude Cahen, Intro- duction to the History of the Muslim East, 123. See Bulletin D' Etudes Orientales, XIV (1952-1954) for an article "Le Livre des genealogies d' al-BalPdhuri" by M. Hamiidulliih. The Ansiib al-AshriiJ vol. IVA edited by M. Schloessinger has been revised and annotated by J.M. Kister (1971). D.M. Dunlop, Arab Civilisation to AD 1500,8487 and passim. See Saliih- uddin al-Munajjid, A 'liim at-Ta'rikh wa'l Jughriiiyah 'ind al- 'Arab, No. I, al-Bal&#nui (1959). pp. 9-57. The English translation of his Fut* (see note 18 below) has been reissued recently. (S) The excavation work carried on in the different sites of Baby- lonia has yielded valuable results and this has helped the study of Baby- lonian astronomy immensely. See M.S. Khan, "A Chapter on Ancient Chaldean Sciences in an Eleventh Century Hispano Arabic Work" in the Islamic Quarterly, volume XVI (1 and 2) (1972) pp. 12-35. specially, its foot-note No. 117 and books dealing with the subject listed in the bibliography. For a detailed account of Babylonia see Brockhaus Enzyklopadie, (1967) 11, 185-192 (with upto date bilbliography). Farld Wajdi, Da'irat al- Ma'drif. al-Qarn ar-Rcibi' 'Ash, 11, 4, 5. Encyclopedia Britannica, 11, 949, 951; Grund, I, 817-19, bibl. p. XV. (T) Adam Metz suggests in his book The Ranaissrmce of Islam, that Islamic renaissance took place in the 4thllOth century but about this century TPhB Yusain writes, "During the course of their history, the Mus-
lims have not knowfi hother century as iich in sttiking eoxitradictibns. &tat iiiaterial wealth and intellectual prospeiity of tht first order cobxist with political decadence". Introductidn to the RarrS'il of Ikhw& a#-~aji? (1928), 3, quoted by Sayyed Uossein Na~r, An Introduction to Islaniic CbSmolbgical Doctrines, 12, fn. no. 25. For a modern view see 'Abdur Ra'iif, Islamic Culture in India and Pakistan (Lahore, 197% pp. 97. See JClian Obkrmann's explanation of this renaissance of Islam in The Idea of History in the Ancient Near East, 306. (U) Al-Mas'iidi (d. 345/956), Abii'l Hasan 'Ali ibn al-Husain ibn 'Ali al-Mas'iidi; 'Umar Rada Kahhda, Mu'jam al-Mu'allifin, VII, 80-81 ; al-Zirekli, AI-A'IZm, V, 87 (with bibliography), JawBd 'Ali, Maw& rid Ta'rikh al-Mm'tldi, in the Sumer, (Baghdad, 1964) vol. XX/l, 2; 1-48 ; S. Maqbiil Ahmad and A. Rahmln, al-Mas'iidS Millenary Commemoration Volme, (1960) pp. 146 (Bibliography 113-1 16); S. Maqbiil Ahmad, "al- Mas'iidi's Contributions to Medieval Arab Geography", Islamic Culture, (Jan. 1954), XXVII, No. 1, 275-286; C. Brockelmann, Geschichte Der Arabischen I, 150-52 ; SIP 220-21. F. Wiistenfeld, Die Geschichteschreiber der Araber undlhre Werke. No. 1 19, 38-40. Useful information about the life and works of al-Mas'iidi can be gathered from his MurEj; see Paris ed. Index (vol. IX) 184; C. Brockelmann, "al-Mas'iidi" in the Encyclopedia of Islam, (1) 111,403-404 Three volumes of the French translation of the Muriij a& -Dhahab wu Ma'iidin al-Jawcihir, revised by Charlcs Peilat have been published by the Societe Asiatique of Paris (1962-1971). Charles Pellat has also revised the text of the Muriij which is published by the University of Lebanon, 2 vols. (1965-66). I, pp. 327 and 11, pp. 419. S. Maqbiil Ahmad, "Geographical Materials in the writings of al-Mas'iidi", B. Litt. Thesis, Oxford, 1947. His Mtuzij a&-Dhafrab wa Ma'Min al-Jawaif has also been edited by M. Muhiy ad-Din 'Abdu'l-Ham'id. 4 vols. in 2; 4th ed. (1964-67). For a critical appreciation of the works of al- Mas'iidi see D.M. Dunlop, Arab Civilisation to AD 1500, 99-1 14. In the Encyclopedia Britannica, vol. XIV, p. 1050 al-h3as6iidi is called "the Herodotus of the Arabs". Ta'rif Khilidi, Islamic Historiography, The Histoties of MadzZ€, (Albany; State University of New York Press, 1975), pp. 180. See also M.S. Khiin, "Al-Mas'fidi and the Geography of India" in the ZDMG (forthcoming). (V) Al-Ya'qiibi (d. 284/897), amad ibn Abi Ya'qfib Ishiq ibn Ja'far ibn Wahb ibn Widih aLiAbb8si; 'Umar RaPa Kahhila, Mu'jmn al Mu'allifin, I, 161; al-Zirkkli, (11-A8l&, I, 90-91 ; VI, 294 with informative footnbtis);ad.-Dfiri, Bdth fi Nmh'at 'Ih at-TaDiikh 'ind al- 'Arab, 368-84; R.Y. Ebied, ad ~.k. Wickham, "Al-Ya'qtibi's Amunt of the IPiaditi:
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THE BEGINNING OF MUSLIM HISTORICAL RESEARCH*

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