Protection of Fuel Tanks Safety ahead! - GL Group

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PERSPECTIVES | REVIEW Plimsoll’s Lifeline A simple line has saved the lives of countless mariners. The man who pushed it through, despite a sea of obstacles, is the hero of all seafarers: Samuel Plimsoll – although the Plimsoll line was actually not his own idea Plimsoll line. The circle with the line belongs long to the standard– however did not invent its name giver Samual Plimsoll (1824-1894). 1866, Bay of Biscay, wind force nine. Slowly but steadily, the London is fi lling up with water. The 11January steamer is taking 220 emigrants to Australia. In addition, the London has taken on cargo – too much cargo: as much as 1200 tons of iron and 500 tons of coal. Then the point is reached when there is so water in the vessel that the steam boilers are extinguished and the pumps stop working. One of the passengers, Henry John Dennis, writes his fi nal letter: “Farewell, my father, brother, sisters and my dear Edith. The reason – the ship has loaded too much cargo.” The passengers of the ill-fated London were never found. Only their letters – as messages in bottles that were washed up a month later on the British coast. All of the 69 crew members also lost their lives. Sailors on the British merchant vessels in the 19th century seldom lived to a ripe old age; all too frequently, the ships capsized due to overloading. The man who was to change this sorry state of affairs had never worked on a ship: Samuel Plimsoll, born in 1824 in the port city of Bristol, spent most of his childhood in Sheffi eld. As a 14-year-old, he read Charles Dickens’ novel Oliver Twist, just published, and the realistic portrayal of social grievances were to shape his life. “Sympathy for the mental anguish of the bereaved” – this is how Nicolette Jones described Plimsoll’s motive force in her biography. In young Samuel, the heart of an entrepreneur was beating strong at an early age. He left school prematurely to work in a brewery, rising to the position of manager. At the age of 29, the bright city lights of London called him. He opened a 46 nonstop 04/2006 coal dealing business, meeting with initial success. Business intrigues bankrupted him, but Plimsoll made a spirited comeback and was even able to conduct a costly campaign for election to Parliament. He was not to forget the plight of the poor and needy. Once elected, he made a name for himself as an uncompromising defender of trade union interests. An Eloquent Spokesman for A Borrowed Idea In the meantime, the discussion on the “coffi n ships” had become more heated. Within the space of 30 years, the losses of British ships doubled, the general reputation of shipowners suffered, and the fees for insurance policies soared. Things came to a head in 1870 when James Hall, a far-sighted shipowner from Newcastle, urged the chambers of commerce in 14 British ports to submit a petition to the government. The demand was for, amongst other things, the statutory requirement for a load line mark, a blacklisting of unseaworthy ships, and a training programme for seafarers. As soon as Plimsoll received a copy of the petition, he contacted James Hall. In William Leng, editor at the Sheffi eld Daily Telegraph, they found an infl uential ally in the battle to fi nally achieve a statutory ruling for the load line mark. The fi rst appeals were formulated, with the cause also receiving support from the Times. But the shipowners mobilized their own resistance. Their main argument was that there were already far too many laws regulating shipping. Plimsoll, on the other hand, accused unscrupulous shipowners of buying and overloading unseaworthy ships on purpose, to collect the insurance sums. More heated debates followed before the Merchant Shipping Act was fi nally able to pass the legislature on 12 August 1876. Of the 46 sections, number 26 is the most important – it made the load line mark an obligatory feature of British ships. The famous symbol is also defi ned there: the mark was to be a ring of 300 millimetres in diameter and 25 millimetres in line width, bisected by a horizontal line of 450 millimetres in length and 25 millimetres in width, the upper edge of which was to pass through the centre of the ring. This was to be placed amidships vertically below the upper edge of the deck line, with the distance between them corresponding to the summer freeboard. In the course of the subsequent decades, almost all seafaring nations introduced the load line mark. At long last, Plimsoll had achieved his political goal. The general public applauded him as a social reformer, and he was promptly re-elected to Parliament. The family of the original inventor, James Hall, may be grumbling up to the present day, but the load line mark was not given his name; it is still commonly known as the Plimsoll line. ■ CG The Plimsoll Sensation The Great Campaign to Save Lives at Sea by Nicolette Jones, 416 pages, published by Little, Brown
Rules for Classifi cation and Construction Our latest brochures, rules and guidelines are available on request. Order forms are available on the Internet: www.gl-group.com > Client Support > Rules & Guidelines II - Materials and Welding Part 2 – Non-metallic Materials JANUARY Hamburg, 18.01.2007 STCW Basics Hamburg, 25.01.2007 Introduction to Crewing FEBRUARY Hamburg, 01./02.02.2007 Shipping Basics Hamburg, 06.02.2007 Basics of DIN EN ISO 9001 for Industry and Service Providers Hamburg, 07./08.02.2007 Internal Auditor DIN EN ISO 9001 for Industry and Service Providers Hamburg, 19. – 23.02.2007 Lead Auditor DIN EN ISO 9001 Hamburg, 27.02.2007 Emergency Preparedness and Crisis Management MARCH Hamburg, 05.03.2007 ISM Basics Hamburg, 06.03.2007 ISM Basics Hamburg, 08.03.2007 Introduction to the System of Maritime Regulations Hamburg, 12./13.03.2007 Company/Ship Security Offi cer Training Course Hamburg, 13.03.2007 Ship Technology Basics Hamburg, 14.03.2007 Hazardous Substances on Board Hamburg, 15.03.2007 Packing and Stowage of Dangerous Goods Hamburg, 19.03.2007 Maritime Casualty Investigation in Shipping Companies Hamburg, 20.03.2007 ISM for Shipmanagement Personnel Hamburg, 22.03.2007 Bulk Carrier Basics Hamburg, 23.03.2007 Bulk Carriers – Technical and Operational Aspects Hamburg, 27.03.2007 ISPS Internal Auditor for Shipping Companies Hamburg, 28.03.2007 Internal Auditing of an Dealing with the Environmental Press Management System in Hamburg, 29.03.2007 Practical Aspects of Corro- Shipping Companies sion Protection for Shipping Companies and Shipyards MAY Hamburg, 08.05.2007 High Speed Craft (HSC) APRIL – Technical and Operational Hamburg, 03.04.2007 Aspects Bridge Design – Equipment and Arrangement Hamburg, 22.05.2007 Shipping Basics for Banks Hamburg, 04.04.2007 Quality Management Co-ordinator Hamburg, 17.04.2007 Oil and Chemical Tankers – Technical and Operational Aspects Hamburg, 19./20.04.2007 Shipping Basics Hamburg, 19.04.2007 US Coast Guard Regulations for Ship Operators Hamburg, 20.04.2007 The Change of Flag in General and Especially the Refl agging of Ships to the German Flag Hamburg, 24./25.04.2007 Implementation and Hamburg, 23.05.2007 Quality Objectives and Continuous Improvement Hamburg, 23.05.2007 Passenger Ships – Technical and Operational Aspects Hamburg, 24.05.2007 Waste Management Hamburg, 31.05.2007 Ballast Water Management JUNE Hamburg, 05.06.2007 Port State Control Basics Hamburg, 06.06.2007 Workshop ISPS Exercise NEW RULES AND GL ACADEMY Chapter 1 Fibre Reinforced Plastics and Bonding Chapter 2 Wooden Materials 2006-11-15 GL Academy: Seminars in Germany Hamburg, 07.06.2007 Container Ships – Technical and Operational Aspects Hamburg, 12.06.2007 ISM Basics Hamburg, 13.06.2007 ISM Basics Hamburg, 14./15.06.2007 Shipping Basics Hamburg, 19./20.06.2007 Company/Ship Security Offi cer Training Course Hamburg, 21.06.2007 Maritime English Basics Hamburg, 26./27.06.2007 Internal Auditor ISM / DIN EN ISO 9001:2000 for Shipping Companies Hamburg, 28.06.2007 Introduction to the System of Maritime Regulations nonstop 04/2006 47
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