Eric Vittoz - IEEE

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TECHNICAL LITERATURE Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, vol. A288, pp. 176-179, 1990. [63] F. Krummenacher, C. C. Enz, and R. Bellazzini, “A Multi-Channel Integrated Circuit for the Read-out of the Microstrip Gas Chamber,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, vol. A313, pp. 483-491, 1992. [64] C. C. Enz, F. Krummenacher, and R. Bellazzini, “A 16 Channel CMOS High Gain and Fast Shaping Charge Amplifier for Multielectrode Detectors Read-out,” in IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Dig. of Tech. Papers, pp. 820-824, Nov. 1993. [65] ___, “MICA: a Multichannel Integrated Charge Amplifier for the Readout of Multielectrode Detectors,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, vol. A332, pp. 543-553, 1993. [66] G. v. Ruymbeke, C. C. Enz, F. Krummenacher, and M. Declercq, “A BiCMOS Programmable Continuous-Time Filter Using Image-Parameter Method Synthesis and Voltage-Companding Technique,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 377-387, March 1997. [67] M. Punzenberger and C. C. Enz, “A 1.2 V Low-power BiCMOS Class AB Log-Domain Filters,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 1968-1978, Dec. 1997. [68] M. Punzenberger and C. Enz, “A Compact Low-Power BiCMOS Log-Domain Filter,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 1123-1129, July 1998. [69] C. Enz and M. Punzenberger, “1-V Log-Domain Filters,” in Advances in Analog Circuit Design (AACD98), W. Sansen, J. Huijsing, and R. v. d. Plassche, Eds. Kluwer Book, 1998. [70] D. Python and C. Enz, “A Micropower Class-AB CMOS Log- Domain Filter for DECT Applications,” IEEE Journal of Solid- State Circuits, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 1067-1075, July 2001. [71] R. Fried, R. S. Cherkaoui, C. C. Enz, A. Germond, and E. A. Vittoz, “Approaches for Analog VLSI Simulation of the Transient Stability of Large Power Networks,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1249-1263, Oct. 1999. [72] A.-S. Porret, T. Melly, D. Python, C. C. Enz, and E. A. Vittoz, “An Ultralow-Power UHF Transceiver Integrated in a Standard Digital CMOS Process: Architecture and Receiver,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 452-466, March 2001. [73] T. Melly, A.-S. Porret, C. C. Enz, and E. A. Vittoz, “An Ultralow- Power UHF Transceiver Integrated in a Standard Digital CMOS Process: Transmitter,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 467-472, March 2001. [74] V. Peiris, C. Arm, S. Bories, S. Cserveny, F. Giroud, P. Graber, S. Gyger, E. L. Roux, T. Melly, M. Moser, O. Nys, F. Pengg, P.- D. Pfister, N. Raemy, A. Ribordy, P.-F. Ruedi, D. Ruffieux, L. Sumanen, S. Todeschini, and P. Volet, “A 1V 433/868MHz 25kb/s-FSK 2kb/s- OOK RF Transceiver SoC in Standard Digital 0.18μm CMOS,” in Int. Solid-State Circ. Conf. Dig. of Tech. Papers, Feb. 2005, pp. 258-259. [75] C. C. Enz, A. El-Hoiydi, J.-D. Decotignie, T. Melly, and V. Peiris, “WiseNET: An Ultralow-Power Wireless Sensor Network Solution,” IEEE Computer Magazine, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 62-70, Aug. 2004. [76] J. Chabloz, C. Muller, F. Pengg, A. Pezous, C. Enz, and M.-A. Dubois, “A Low-Power 2.4 GHz CMOS Receiver Front-End Using BAW Resonators,” in Int. Solid-State Circ. Conf. Dig. of Tech. Papers, Feb. 2006, pp. 320-321. [77] C. C. Enz, J. Baborowski, J. Chabloz, M. Kucera, C. Muller, D. Ruffieux, and N. Scolari, “Ultra Low-Power MEMS-based Radio for Wireless Sensor Networks,”in Proc. of the European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD), Sevilla, Spain, Aug. 2007, pp. 320-331. [78] J. Chabloz, D. Ruffieux, A. Vouilloz, P. Tortori, F. Pengg, C. Muller, and C. Enz, “Frequency Synthesis for a Low-Power 2.4 GHz Receiver Using a BAW Oscillator and a Relaxation Oscillator,” in Proc. of the European Solid-State Circ. Conf. (ESS- CIRC), Munich, pp. 492-495, Sept. 2007. [79] D. Ruffieux, J. Chabloz, M. Contaldo, C. Muller, F.-X. Pengg, P. Tortori, A. Vouilloz, and P. Volet, “A 2.4GHz MEMS-based Transceiver,” in Int. Solid-State Circ. Conf. Dig. of Tech. Papers, pp. 158-167, Feb. 2008. About the Author Christian C. Enz (M’84) received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL) in 1984 and 1989 respectively. From 1984 to 1989 he was research assistant at the EPFL, working in the field of micropower analog CMOS integrated circuits (IC) design. In 1989 he was one of the founders of Smart Silicon Systems S.A. (S3), where he developed several low-noise and low-power ICs, mainly for high energy physics applications. From 1992 to 1997, he was an Assistant Professor at EPFL, working in the field of low-power analog CMOS and BiCMOS IC design and device modeling. From 1997 to 1999, he was Principal Senior Engineer at Conexant (formerly Rockwell Semiconductor Systems), Newport Beach, CA, where he was responsible for the modeling and characterization of MOS transistors for the design of RF CMOS circuits. In 1999, he joined the Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM) where he launched and lead the RF and Analog IC design group. In 2000, he was promoted Vice President, heading the Microelectronics Department. He is also lecturing and supervising undergraduate and graduate students in the field of analog and RF IC design at EPFL, where he is Professor since 1999. His technical interests and expertise are in the field of very low-power analog and RF IC design and semiconductor device modeling, with a particular focus on noise. He is the author and co-author of more than 140 scientific papers and has contributed to numerous conference presentations and advanced engineering courses. Together with E. Vittoz and F. Krummenacher he is one of the developer of the EKV MOS transistor model and the author of the book “Charge-Based MOS Transistor Modeling - The EKV Model for Low- Power and RF IC Design” (Wiley, 2006). He is member of several technical program committees, including International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) and European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC). He has served as a vice-chair for the 2000 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), exhibit chair for the 2000 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) and is chair of the technical program committee for the 2006 European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC). Since 2001, he has been the chair of the IEEE Solid- State Chapter of West Switzerland. 30 IEEE SSCS NEWS Summer 2008
Watch Microelectronics: Pioneer in Portable Consumer Electronics Abstract The quartz watch as pioneering media for new technologies is highlighted with examples both from the past and the present. Technical orientations and resulting areas of expertise for EM Microelectronic, the semiconductor manufacturer of the Swatch Group have been shaped by constraints and requirements genuine to the watch-making industry. The article describes typical "watch microelectronics" skills and solutions and how they diffused into other portable consumer electronics applications. Index Terms Electronic watches, watch making, low power, low voltage, integrated circuits, microcontroller. I. Introduction With the ‘renaissance’ of the mechanical watch, ‘complications’, ‘grand complications’ and spinning tourbillons are again enjoying unequaled prestige. Skills, handicraft and know-how of – especially Swiss – watchmakers still contribute to the emotional appeal of modern mechanical timepieces. But computer-controlled equipment, high-tech industrial manufacturing and automated assembly techniques have also facilitated the return of mechanical watch. Prior to 1970, Swiss time pieces made of small gears and high precision springs set the world standard in timing. Confident in the tradition of their craft and dominant position on the worldwide watch market, Swiss watchmakers could hardly imagine that a paradigm shift in the way to set the time base of watches would almost annihilate the entire industry. They could even less imagine that micro and nanotechnologies would once open new perspectives also to the mechanical watch. A. Creation of a Joint Research Lab In 1962 already, in a premonitory effort to build up and establish microelectronics know-how in Switzerland, Swiss watchmakers founded the Centre électronique horloger (CEH) in Neuchâtel, a joint research laboratory dedicated to microelectronics in horological applications. No later than 1967, engineers and researchers from the CEH came up with first quartz wrist watch prototypes working with an integrated circuit. The step from research prototypes to industrial products however, confronted the watchmakers with unknown problems and challenges and the industry leaders at first failed to recognize the relevance of this new technology. Trapped by their mind- TECHNICAL LITERATURE Mougahed Darwish, Marc Degrauwe, Thomas E. Gyger, Günther Meusburger at EM Microelectronic-Marin SA, Jean Claude Robert at ETA SA Manufacture horlogère suisse, Switzerland, TGyger@emmicroelectronic.com set and traditional approach of doing things, they were unable to anticipate a coexistence of quartz and mechanical watches. By that time, Swiss watches represented about 44% of the world market; fifteen years later this share had dropped to 13% and was at the edge of disappearing. With the creation of the CEH, the Swiss watch-making industry did not prevent the quartz crisis leading to a general economic down-turn and low point between the 1970's and 1980's, but it had laid the cornerstone of its own redemption. Since then, major technical developments followed without interruption. Partnerships with academia were established and research institutions constantly adapted to respond to the watch-making industry's needs. Research efforts and results gave rise to numerous initiatives, leading watch component manufacturing companies to invest into microelectronic production infrastructures, which allowed them to expand into markets well beyond the sole electronic watch market. Portable electronics today quite often uses technologies which can be ascribed to insights from the work of Prof. Eric Vittoz and his team at the CEH and which those companies translated into products. B. Watchmakers Invest in Microelectronics In 1983, following the advice of Mr. N. G. Hayek, the two largest Swiss watch-making groups (SSIH and ASUAG) merged into a single entity, the Société suisse de microélectronique et d'horlogerie (SMH) better known today as The Swatch Group Ltd. In this context, it is of course impossible to overlook the Swatch watch itself, which became instrumental for the revival of the Swiss watch industry through its novel approach of production and marketing techniques. Power consumption has always been the critical issue for electronic watches. Therefore, Ebauches SA – which belonged to ASUAG – created a new unit entirely dedicated to the development and production of CMOS integrated circuits for watches. Ebauches SA bought a CMOS technology license from Hughes Aircraft Company Inc. and in 1975, the new unit delivered its first Al-Gate CMOS circuit. This production unit has since become a fullfledged semiconductor company under the name of EM Microelectronic-Marin SA. As a member of the Swatch Group Electronic Systems companies, the company today still is the first semiconductor provider of the Swiss watch-making industry. Meanwhile, reaching out into other low power, low voltage Summer 2008 IEEE SSCS NEWS 31
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Digital Signal Processing and Arith
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equipment including photolithograph
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CHAPTERS Oregon State University St
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Eight Candidates Vie for Five AdCom
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Monday, September 29 E. Vittoz •
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IEEE Member Digital Library Easy. E
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