The role of scavenger receptor BI in hepatitis - eTheses Repository ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

188 231. Nieland, T. J., M. Ehrlich, M. Krieger, and T. Kirchhausen. 2005. Endocytosis is not required for the selective lipid uptake mediated by murine SR-BI. Biochim Biophys Acta 1734:44-51. 232. Nielsen, S. U., M. F. Bassendine, A. D. Burt, D. J. Bevitt, and G. L. Toms. 2004. Characterization of the genome and structural proteins of hepatitis C virus resolved from infected human liver. J Gen Virol 85:1497-507. 233. Nielsen, S. U., M. F. Bassendine, A. D. Burt, C. Martin, W. Pumeechockchai, and G. L. Toms. 2006. Association between hepatitis C virus and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)/LDL analyzed in iodixanol density gradients. J Virol 80:2418-28. 234. Ohba, K., M. Mizokami, J. Y. Lau, E. Orito, K. Ikeo, and T. Gojobori. 1996. Evolutionary relationship of hepatitis C, pesti-, flavi-, plantviruses, and newly discovered GB hepatitis agents. FEBS Lett 378:232-4. 235. Ohgami, N., R. Nagai, A. Miyazaki, M. Ikemoto, H. Arai, S. Horiuchi, and H. Nakayama. 2001. Scavenger receptor class B type I-mediated reverse cholesterol transport is inhibited by advanced glycation end products. J Biol Chem 276:13348-55. 236. Owsianka, A. M., A. W. Tarr, Z. Y. Keck, T. K. Li, J. Witteveldt, R. Adair, S. K. Foung, J. K. Ball, and A. H. Patel. 2008. Broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to the hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein. J Gen Virol 89:653-9. 237. Owsianka, A. M., J. M. Timms, A. W. Tarr, R. J. Brown, T. P. Hickling, A. Szwejk, K. Bienkowska-Szewczyk, B. J. Thomson, A. H. Patel, and J. K. Ball. 2006. Identification of conserved residues in the E2 envelope glycoprotein of the hepatitis C virus that are critical for CD81 binding. J Virol 80:8695-704. 238. Pacheco, B., J. Gomez-Gutierrez, B. Yelamos, C. Delgado, F. Roncal, J. P. Albar, D. Peterson, and F. Gavilanes. 2006. Membrane-perturbing properties of three peptides corresponding to the ectodomain of hepatitis C virus E2 envelope protein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1758:755-63. 239. Pagler, T. A., S. Rhode, A. Neuhofer, H. Laggner, W. Strobl, C. Hinterndorfer, I. Volf, M. Pavelka, E. R. Eckhardt, D. R. van der Westhuyzen, G. J. Schutz, and H. Stangl. 2006. SR-BI-mediated High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Endocytosis Leads to HDL Resecretion Facilitating Cholesterol Efflux. J Biol Chem 281:11193-11204. 240. Penin, F., C. Combet, G. Germanidis, P. O. Frainais, G. Deleage, and J. M. Pawlotsky. 2001. Conservation of the conformation and positive charges of hepatitis C virus E2 envelope glycoprotein hypervariable region 1 points to a role in cell attachment. J Virol 75:5703-10. 241. Penin, F., J. Dubuisson, F. A. Rey, D. Moradpour, and J. M. Pawlotsky. 2004. Structural biology of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 39:5-19. 242. Perez-Berna, A. J., A. Bernabeu, M. R. Moreno, J. Guillen, and J. Villalain. 2008. The pre-transmembrane region of the HCV E1 envelope glycoprotein Interaction with model membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta.1778:2069-80
189 243. Perez-Berna, A. J., J. Guillen, M. R. Moreno, A. I. Gomez-Sanchez, G. Pabst, P. Laggner, and J. Villalain. 2008. Interaction of the most membranotropic region of the HCV E2 envelope glycoprotein with membranes. Biophysical characterization. Biophys J 94:4737-50. 244. Perez-Berna, A. J., M. R. Moreno, J. Guillen, A. Bernabeu, and J. Villalain. 2006. The membrane-active regions of the hepatitis C virus E1 and E2 envelope glycoproteins. Biochemistry 45:3755-68. 245. Pestka, J. M., M. B. Zeisel, E. Blaser, P. Schurmann, B. Bartosch, F. L. Cosset, A. H. Patel, H. Meisel, J. Baumert, S. Viazov, K. Rispeter, H. E. Blum, M. Roggendorf, and T. F. Baumert. 2007. Rapid induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies and viral clearance in a single-source outbreak of hepatitis C. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:6025-30. 246. Philips, J. A., E. J. Rubin, and N. Perrimon. 2005. Drosophila RNAi screen reveals CD36 family member required for mycobacterial infection. Science 309:1251-3. 247. Pierson, T. C., Q. Xu, S. Nelson, T. Oliphant, G. E. Nybakken, D. H. Fremont, and M. S. Diamond. 2007. The stoichiometry of antibodymediated neutralization and enhancement of West Nile virus infection. Cell Host Microbe 1:135-45. 248. Pileri, P., Y. Uematsu, S. Campagnoli, G. Galli, F. Falugi, R. Petracca, A. J. Weiner, M. Houghton, D. Rosa, G. Grandi, and S. Abrignani. 1998. Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81. Science 282:938-41. 249. Platt, E. J., K. Wehrly, S. E. Kuhmann, B. Chesebro, and D. Kabat. 1998. Effects of CCR5 and CD4 cell surface concentrations on infections by macrophagetropic isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 72:2855-64. 250. Pohlmann, S., J. Zhang, F. Baribaud, Z. Chen, G. J. Leslie, G. Lin, A. Granelli-Piperno, R. W. Doms, C. M. Rice, and J. A. McKeating. 2003. Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins interact with DC-SIGN and DC- SIGNR. J Virol 77:4070-80. 251. Purcell, R. 1997. The hepatitis C virus: overview. Hepatology 26:11S- 14S. 252. Quinkert, D., R. Bartenschlager, and V. Lohmann. 2005. Quantitative analysis of the hepatitis C virus replication complex. J Virol 79:13594-605. 253. Rainey-Barger, E. K., B. Magnuson, and B. Tsai. 2007. A chaperone-activated nonenveloped virus perforates the physiologically relevant endoplasmic reticulum membrane. J Virol 81:12996-3004. 254. Rao, M. R., A. B. Naficy, M. A. Darwish, N. M. Darwish, E. Schisterman, J. D. Clemens, and R. Edelman. 2002. Further evidence for association of hepatitis C infection with parenteral schistosomiasis treatment in Egypt. BMC Infect Dis 2:29. 255. Ratinier, M., S. Boulant, C. Combet, P. Targett-Adams, J. McLauchlan, and J. P. Lavergne. 2008. Transcriptional slippage prompts recoding in alternate reading frames in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core sequence from strain HCV-1. J Gen Virol 89:1569-78. 256. Reading, S. A., and N. J. Dimmock. 2007. Neutralization of animal virus infectivity by antibody. Arch Virol 152:1047-59.
Page 1 and 2:
The role of scavenger receptor B-I
Page 3 and 4:
i Abstract. With 170 million infect
Page 5 and 6:
iii Acknowledgements. I would like
Page 7 and 8:
v 5 Results: Identification of a re
Page 9 and 10:
vii Figure 5-5 Analysis of JFH-1 wt
Page 11 and 12:
1 Introduction 1.1 The disease. 1 D
Page 13 and 14:
3 predominantly immuno-pathogenic i
Page 15 and 16:
5 Aside from considerations of the
Page 17 and 18:
7 Current attempts to design a HCV
Page 19 and 20:
1.2 An elusive pathogen. 9 The emer
Page 21 and 22:
11 PCR). This technique is highly s
Page 23 and 24:
13 Within six years of the descript
Page 25 and 26:
1.3 Basic virology. 15 Like other m
Page 27 and 28:
17 Figure 1-2 HCV genome and polypr
Page 29 and 30:
19 241). E1 and E2 are anchored to
Page 31 and 32:
21 The characterisation of HCV geno
Page 33 and 34:
23 in the E1 and E2 glycoprotein ge
Page 35 and 36:
25 The solution reached by a great
Page 37 and 38:
27 binding to mouse cells. sE2 inte
Page 39 and 40:
29 density lipoprotein (HDL), allow
Page 41 and 42:
31 blood brain barrier is permeable
Page 43 and 44:
33 act as receptors for viral entry
Page 45 and 46:
1.4.2 Attachment factors 35 The tru
Page 47 and 48:
1.4.3 Endocytosis and fusion 37 Aft
Page 49 and 50:
39 1.4.4 Co-receptor interplay and
Page 51 and 52:
41 inhibition of protein kinase A (
Page 53 and 54:
1.5 Lipoproteins 43 Since 1992 ther
Page 55 and 56:
45 Lipoproteins exist in a dynamic
Page 57 and 58:
47 and delivers its cargo via the w
Page 59 and 60:
49 uptake of cholesterol from LDL (
Page 61 and 62:
Figure 1-4 SR-BI-lipoprotein intera
Page 63 and 64:
53 In summary the class B scavenger
Page 65 and 66:
55 In 1992 Thomssen et. al. demonst
Page 67 and 68:
57 lipoprotein association promotes
Page 69 and 70:
59 Figure 1-5 Lipo-viro-particle as
Page 71 and 72:
61 In vitro culture medium, into wh
Page 73 and 74:
2 Materials and methods. 2.1 Cell l
Page 75 and 76:
Preparation of rat anti-E2 mAbs. 65
Page 77 and 78:
2.4 Basic techniques. Flow cytometr
Page 79 and 80:
69 6. Finally, the cells were washe
Page 81 and 82:
71 (Promega, WI, USA) kits accordin
Page 83 and 84:
73 proteins and are incapable of fu
Page 85 and 86:
75 spectrophotometer (Amersham), we
Page 87 and 88:
77 Figure 2-2 Electroporated Huh-7.
Page 89 and 90:
79 5. Data is expressed as percenta
Page 91 and 92:
81 (Invitrogen). The samples to be
Page 93 and 94:
83 1. The SR-BII coding region was
Page 95 and 96:
2.7 Cloning and synthesis of JFH-1
Page 97 and 98:
The sequence encoding amino acids 3
Page 99 and 100:
Figure 2-6 sE2 sequencing. 89 JFH-1
Page 101 and 102:
91 7. Large scale transfections wer
Page 103 and 104:
93 3 Results: Investigations using
Page 105 and 106:
95 3.2 CHO cells expressing human S
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 3-3 Ability of anti-E2 mAb t
Page 109 and 110:
99 3.3 The interaction of sE2 with
Page 111 and 112:
101 Figure 3-5 Position of SR-BI mu
Page 113 and 114:
103 Table 3-2 Investigation of cell
Page 115 and 116:
105 3.4 Expression of SR-BII in CHO
Page 117 and 118:
3.5 Discussion. 107 We have demonst
Page 119 and 120:
109 may offer a tool to study the i
Page 121 and 122:
111 Figure 4-1A displays endogenous
Page 123 and 124:
113 4.2 Exogenous expression of SR-
Page 125 and 126:
115 4.3 Evidence of enhanced JFH-1
Page 127 and 128:
117 4.4 SR-BI expression levels lim
Page 129 and 130:
119 4.5 Murine SR-BI does not enhan
Page 131 and 132:
121 4.6 SR-BI/II expression levels
Page 133 and 134:
123 Figure 4-5 Over expression of S
Page 135 and 136:
125 Figure 4-6 Anti-SR-BI serum inh
Page 137 and 138:
127 Figure 4-7 Infection of Huh-7.5
Page 139 and 140:
129 cells is largely manifested in
Page 141 and 142:
131 5 Results: Identification of a
Page 143 and 144:
133 Figure 5-1 JFH-1 G451R has an a
Page 145 and 146:
135 Figure 5-2 CD81 dependence of J
Page 147 and 148: 137 G451R sE2 with hCD81 LEL we com
Page 149 and 150: 139 Figure 5-4 JFH-1 wt and G451R s
Page 151 and 152: 141 demonstrated a lower dependence
Page 153 and 154: 143 Figure 5-6 Relationship between
Page 155 and 156: 145 flow cytometry (data not shown)
Page 157 and 158: 147 5.6 Low density JFH-1 particles
Page 159 and 160: 5.7 Discussion. 149 We have demonst
Page 161 and 162: 151 Numerous reports have used dens
Page 163 and 164: 153 demonstrate that low density JF
Page 165 and 166: 155 to over express SR-BI we were a
Page 167 and 168: 157 5-1), better able to engage CD8
Page 169 and 170: 159 Figure 6-1 An overview of antib
Page 171 and 172: 161 it is believed that ligation of
Page 173 and 174: 163 Given our and other’s finding
Page 175 and 176: 6.3 HCV lipo-viro-particles. 165 As
Page 177 and 178: 167 represent the hyper-variable re
Page 179 and 180: 169 The G451R mutation disrupts the
Page 181 and 182: 7 Bibliography 171 1. Acton, S., D.
Page 183 and 184: 173 include the CD81 tetraspanin an
Page 185 and 186: 175 receptor class B type I and inh
Page 187 and 188: 177 83. Drummer, H. E., K. A. Wilso
Page 189 and 190: 179 KewalRamani, D. R. Littman, C.
Page 191 and 192: 181 King. 1996. Efficient infection
Page 193 and 194: 183 hepatitis C virus envelope glyc
Page 195 and 196: 185 recovered chimpanzees exhibit r
Page 197: 187 218. Monazahian, M., I. Bohme,
Page 201 and 202: 191 single-cycle production assay t
Page 203 and 204: 193 298. Strickland, G. T., S. S. E
Page 205 and 206: 195 Remaley, G. Csako, T. L. Eggerm
Page 207: 197 2007. Scavenger receptor class
show all

The role of scavenger receptor BI in hepatitis - eTheses Repository ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?