After the Flood in Pakistan 38 Berlin Geographical Papers - Freie ...

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5 Post-disaster assessment – districts and villages in Sindh 5.1 Badin – a disaster-prone area exposed to multiple risks The three villages in Badin (Ahmed Raju, Golo Mandhro, Sheikh Kiryo Bhandari) are all located in the in the southern part of the Badin District, a swampy waterlogged area in vicinity to the LBOD/KPOD and close to the Indian border and the Rann of Kutch (Fig. 5.1). This fact poses a whole bundle of problems resulating in recurrent inundation with sea water that threatens agricultural activities in the region and already has led to unrecoverable land losses for all surveyed villages in the past. The amphibious environment is threatening, and the naturacl intrusion of ocean and river water is superimposed by man-made structures such as drains and canals that amplify the run-off and intrusion of water causing wide-scale inundation. Data source: Topographical Map 1:250,000, sheet 40D, Survey of Pakistan 2004. Design: Marc Transfeld and Martin Enzner Fig. 5.1: Location of the assessed villages within Sindh and Badin District The area is disaster-prone and natural hazards such as floods, cyclones and heavy rainfall occurred frequently in the past (cf. Fig.5.2). In addition to the exposure to regular natural hazards the amphibious surrounding poses a variety of challenges that require constant adaptation of the resident population. A prominent livelihood strategy in the area is the engagement in fishery, pursued by about 20% of the surveyed households in Badin. Fishery is carried out in irrigation canals, as well as in ponds, lakes and the open sea. Marketing of all fish to middlemen (baypari) or directly to wholesale traders takes place at the so-called Zero Point, located at the shore of the Sandhro Mehro Dhand (cf. Fig.5.1). 16
The multiple environmental challenges are even amplified by man-made encroachments and technocratic systems of water control in the Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS, cf. Mustafa 1998, 2002, 2007; Mustafa and Wrathall 2011) in which the construction of the Left Bank Outfall Drain (LBOD) and the tidal link of the Kadhan Pateji Outfall Drain (KPOD) in 1986 features as an important element. These major World Bank financed infrastructure projects drain surplus water from the fertile regions of upper Sindh to increase agricultural production there but negatively affect those areas that are located close to the Indus Delta. Here, land and livestock are lost, agriculture is made virtually impossible, and waterlogging and salinisation are serious problems everywhere close to the Indus Delta. Source: board displayed in PRCS Office Badin Fig. 5.2: A history of natural hazards in Badin District The natural tidal ranges recurrently lead to the inundation with ocean water, and the effects of major cyclones that occurred in 1999 and 2003 have been exacerbated by the canal system and are felt by the surveyed village population until today. 17 Source: sketch drawn by M. Musroof, teacher in Golo Mandhro Fig. 5.3: Location of the three villages in relation to a probable site of a protective bund safeguarding agriculture from seawater inundation
Page 1 and 2: 38 Berlin Geographical Papers ZELF
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Page 6 and 7: living conditions, that reach the m
Page 9 and 10: Table of Contents 1 Introduction -
Page 11 and 12: List of Figures Fig. 1.1: Generic t
Page 13: List of acronyms ADB - Asian Develo
Page 16 and 17: mentation of development packages b
Page 18 and 19: Fig. 1.4: Pakistan overview and loc
Page 20 and 21: and man-made hazards are dominant.
Page 22 and 23: 3 Rapprochement of the field: resea
Page 24 and 25: The teams continued performing focu
Page 26 and 27: Table 4.1: Elements of the Vulnerab
Page 28 and 29: A major finding of the assessment t
Page 32 and 33: As such it comes as no surprise tha
Page 34 and 35: away or even further, to Badin city
Page 36 and 37: Box 3: The household of Ali Bux - a
Page 38 and 39: Source: data recorded by ZELF team,
Page 40 and 41: consists of three overland wires bu
Page 42 and 43: mediocre quality - and the regularl
Page 44 and 45: 5.1.2.1 Levels of vulnerability in
Page 46 and 47: 5.1.2.2 Implications for developmen
Page 50 and 51: Box 7: Rajad Mallah: Coping with so
Page 52 and 53: their homelands in Thatta. Members
Page 54 and 55: make it possible again for the fish
Page 56 and 57: During their flight the people had
Page 58 and 59: Box 8: The economics of barfi produ
Page 60 and 61: Source: data recorded by ZELF team
Page 64 and 65: 5.2.2 Alloo Noonari - complete floo
Page 66 and 67: There is a village council that con
Page 68 and 69: Severe shortage of money prevents v
Page 70 and 71: 5.2.2.3 Shelter, drinking water and
Page 72 and 73: 5.2.3 Summary of findings: loss of
Page 74 and 75: Similar to the situation in Thatta
Page 76 and 77: Data Sources: GeoEye satellite imag
Page 78 and 79: K.N. Shah assumes importance also f
Page 80 and 81:
Box 15: Social water management and
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Potentials of changing the Sindhi c
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5.3.2.2 Local impacts of the flood
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For all households it can be establ
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to goods and services the villagers
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The flood crisis has aggravated the
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Source: data recorded by ZELF team,
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provides shelter to a number of hou
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Most people in the village are not
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These conditions require most house
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Box 22: Struggling with disaster Mo
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6 Conclusions: vulnerability assess
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perceived as an option, conditional
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Most effectively, the problem could
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7 References Arif Hasan (2009) The
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Berlin Geographical Papers Vol. 37
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