After the Flood in Pakistan 38 Berlin Geographical Papers - Freie ...

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Data Sources: GeoEye satellite image of May 1, 2001 (Google Earth); GPS data gathered on February 24, 2011. Design: Martin Enzner Fig. 5.31: Wali Mohammad Laghari and Kurkit - two hamlets and two modes of survival A few hundred metres north from Wali M. Laghari there is the hamlet Kurkit, inhabited by about 75 households belonging to the social group of Mallah. Due to the displacement from important fishing areas forced by other social groups the Mallah in Wali M. Laghari are not primarily engaged anymore in fishing such as is the case for fishing communities in Badin and Thatta. In fact, fishing has become a livelihood option only in the frequent years of minor flood events, when they catch fish in the fresh-water on agricultural fields. There used to be even a small pond for professional fish-breeding, but this has deteriorated and could not be used for the last 30 years. Most Mallah today are engaged in sharecropping arrangements or work as casual labourers. The overall occupation structure in the three hamlets is provided in Fig. 5.33. 62
Source: data recorded by ZELF team, Freie Universität Berlin, February-March 2011 Fig. 5.34: Main income structure of working household sample members in Wali M. Laghari Wali M. Laghari has developed a reputation for his emphasis on education, signified by the high number of Laghari teachers and a comparatively high level of education with 53% of school attendance (cf. Fig.5.35). In the village itself there are eight teachers. Four of them are in charge of the village primary school with their 150 boys and girls, the others work in neighbouring villag-es. Higher education beyond 5 th grade, however, is available only in K.N. Shah 26 kilometres away from the settlement, and needed investments for daily transport and school materials exceed the capacities for most. Children join the agricultural labour process quickly or continue a religious education in a madrasa. Source: photograph © Fabian Singelnstein, February 28, 2011 Fig. 5.32: School class of Wali M. Laghari Source: data recorded by ZELF team, February-March 2011 Fig. 5.33: Literacy distribution of all household sample members by gender and class In terms of access to healthcare the village-cluster is excluded, with the closest facility located in K.N. Shah. In case of illnesses and emergencies this presents a serious problem because public transport connects the village only irregularly and people have to rely on the few motorcycles owned by individual villagers, or more often on using donkey or camel carts. 63
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38 Berlin Geographical Papers ZELF
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BERLIN GEOGRAPHICAL PAPERS Vol. 38
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living conditions, that reach the m
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction -
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List of Figures Fig. 1.1: Generic t
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List of acronyms ADB - Asian Develo
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mentation of development packages b
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Fig. 1.4: Pakistan overview and loc
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and man-made hazards are dominant.
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3 Rapprochement of the field: resea
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The teams continued performing focu
Page 26 and 27: Table 4.1: Elements of the Vulnerab
Page 28 and 29: A major finding of the assessment t
Page 30 and 31: 5 Post-disaster assessment - distri
Page 32 and 33: As such it comes as no surprise tha
Page 34 and 35: away or even further, to Badin city
Page 36 and 37: Box 3: The household of Ali Bux - a
Page 38 and 39: Source: data recorded by ZELF team,
Page 40 and 41: consists of three overland wires bu
Page 42 and 43: mediocre quality - and the regularl
Page 44 and 45: 5.1.2.1 Levels of vulnerability in
Page 46 and 47: 5.1.2.2 Implications for developmen
Page 50 and 51: Box 7: Rajad Mallah: Coping with so
Page 52 and 53: their homelands in Thatta. Members
Page 54 and 55: make it possible again for the fish
Page 56 and 57: During their flight the people had
Page 58 and 59: Box 8: The economics of barfi produ
Page 60 and 61: Source: data recorded by ZELF team
Page 64 and 65: 5.2.2 Alloo Noonari - complete floo
Page 66 and 67: There is a village council that con
Page 68 and 69: Severe shortage of money prevents v
Page 70 and 71: 5.2.2.3 Shelter, drinking water and
Page 72 and 73: 5.2.3 Summary of findings: loss of
Page 74 and 75: Similar to the situation in Thatta
Page 78 and 79: K.N. Shah assumes importance also f
Page 80 and 81: Box 15: Social water management and
Page 82 and 83: Potentials of changing the Sindhi c
Page 84 and 85: 5.3.2.2 Local impacts of the flood
Page 86 and 87: For all households it can be establ
Page 88 and 89: to goods and services the villagers
Page 90 and 91: The flood crisis has aggravated the
Page 94 and 95: provides shelter to a number of hou
Page 96 and 97: Most people in the village are not
Page 98 and 99: These conditions require most house
Page 100 and 101: Box 22: Struggling with disaster Mo
Page 102 and 103: 6 Conclusions: vulnerability assess
Page 104 and 105: perceived as an option, conditional
Page 106 and 107: Most effectively, the problem could
Page 108 and 109: 7 References Arif Hasan (2009) The
Page 110: Berlin Geographical Papers Vol. 37
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