After the Flood in Pakistan 38 Berlin Geographical Papers - Freie ...

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5.2.3 Summary of findings: loss of basic services threatens rural livelihoods Reconstruction of shelter with local materials through the use of local labour force and before onset of the monsoon has to be facilitated quickly in the survey villages of Thatta. The non-availability of a secure and sheltered space has caused several incidences of snake bites as in the present circumstances everyday life takes place in the open. The urgent need to improve water access and water quality should be addressed by replacement of existing defunct with locally available hand pumps. To address the food crisis in the longer term, provision of seeds and fertilizer is important so that people are in the position to commence agricultural activities. Also support in re-stocking of livestock would help to facilitate food security and to open up additional income sources. There also should be awareness programmes to reduce the betel nut consumption of small children. In addition both village settings have provided ample evidence that disaster preparedness could be introduced with comparatively little efforts. The display of boards with explanations how early warning strategies could be implemented in the case of flood events, where there are safe havens in case of inundation and where livestock could be driven to in order to prevent the severe losses of the only valuable commodity could help to avoid panic situations and could utilize fresh knowledge from last year’s flood event. The cooperation of governmental and non-governmental institutions needs to be guaranteed as these are “shared disasters” where it does not matter who is who. As the government-led repair of the dyke that should protect these villages from the next flood has only commenced recently the local trust in all kinds of institutions is limited. Consequently, the fear of the next flood is prevalent, and even a smaller flood would affect these villages as they are located in close vicinity to the yet un-mended breach in the Indus dyke. All activities need close monitoring in the field by trained and experienced community facilitators, and subcontracting of procurement through middlemen should be avoided to ensure efficient use of available funds. Any implementation of development packages requires a transparent and consensual process in which is indicated and understood why certain households will benefit and others will not. 58
5.3 Dadu – exploitative sharecropping systems as an accelerating factor for pauperisation Dadu with its favourable agro-ecological conditions is the breadbasket of Sindh. Wheat represents the main crop, and annual harvest outcomes are of crucial importance to achieve food security in all of Sindh. However, Dadu was also heavily affected by the flood, and large parts of the district were still under water at the time of field research in February 2011. Huge parts of the kharif harvest were completely destroyed in the flood, and thousands of animals drowned in the water. While a lot of people already turned back into their still damaged villages, many have not been able to do so because of flood water still inundating their lands and living places. Where the water receded already, however, food grains present themselves in full maturity and a fruitful first harvest can expected for 2011. However, these village lands often belong to the landed classes alone. Data source: Nasa 2010. Satellite imagery from Sept. 13, 2010, November 13, 2010, February 21, 2011; own GPS-Data from February 22, 2011. Design: Martin Enzner Fig. 5.30: Dadu District – dimensions of flooding 59
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38 Berlin Geographical Papers ZELF
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BERLIN GEOGRAPHICAL PAPERS Vol. 38
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living conditions, that reach the m
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction -
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List of Figures Fig. 1.1: Generic t
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List of acronyms ADB - Asian Develo
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mentation of development packages b
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Fig. 1.4: Pakistan overview and loc
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and man-made hazards are dominant.
Page 22 and 23: 3 Rapprochement of the field: resea
Page 24 and 25: The teams continued performing focu
Page 26 and 27: Table 4.1: Elements of the Vulnerab
Page 28 and 29: A major finding of the assessment t
Page 30 and 31: 5 Post-disaster assessment - distri
Page 32 and 33: As such it comes as no surprise tha
Page 34 and 35: away or even further, to Badin city
Page 36 and 37: Box 3: The household of Ali Bux - a
Page 38 and 39: Source: data recorded by ZELF team,
Page 40 and 41: consists of three overland wires bu
Page 42 and 43: mediocre quality - and the regularl
Page 44 and 45: 5.1.2.1 Levels of vulnerability in
Page 46 and 47: 5.1.2.2 Implications for developmen
Page 50 and 51: Box 7: Rajad Mallah: Coping with so
Page 52 and 53: their homelands in Thatta. Members
Page 54 and 55: make it possible again for the fish
Page 56 and 57: During their flight the people had
Page 58 and 59: Box 8: The economics of barfi produ
Page 60 and 61: Source: data recorded by ZELF team
Page 64 and 65: 5.2.2 Alloo Noonari - complete floo
Page 66 and 67: There is a village council that con
Page 68 and 69: Severe shortage of money prevents v
Page 70 and 71: 5.2.2.3 Shelter, drinking water and
Page 74 and 75: Similar to the situation in Thatta
Page 76 and 77: Data Sources: GeoEye satellite imag
Page 78 and 79: K.N. Shah assumes importance also f
Page 80 and 81: Box 15: Social water management and
Page 82 and 83: Potentials of changing the Sindhi c
Page 84 and 85: 5.3.2.2 Local impacts of the flood
Page 86 and 87: For all households it can be establ
Page 88 and 89: to goods and services the villagers
Page 90 and 91: The flood crisis has aggravated the
Page 94 and 95: provides shelter to a number of hou
Page 96 and 97: Most people in the village are not
Page 98 and 99: These conditions require most house
Page 100 and 101: Box 22: Struggling with disaster Mo
Page 102 and 103: 6 Conclusions: vulnerability assess
Page 104 and 105: perceived as an option, conditional
Page 106 and 107: Most effectively, the problem could
Page 108 and 109: 7 References Arif Hasan (2009) The
Page 110: Berlin Geographical Papers Vol. 37
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