After the Flood in Pakistan 38 Berlin Geographical Papers - Freie ...

Table of Contents
1 Introduction – assessing and conceptualising vulnerability in rural Sindh ........................ 1
2 Sindh – living in a hazardous environment .............................................................. 5
3 Rapprochement of the field: research methods for assessing flood effects in rural Sindh ... 8
4 Measuring vulnerability: the Vulnerability Capacity Index as analytical tool .................. 11
5 Post-disaster assessment – districts and villages in Sindh .......................................... 16
5.1 Badin – a disaster-prone area exposed to multiple risks .............................................. 16
5.1.1 Sheikh Kiryo Bhandari – the LBOD/KPOD-problem, waterlogging and loss of agriculture ... 18
5.1.1.1 Lasting cyclone impacts and fishing practices ......................................... 22
5.1.1.2 Permanent exposure to natural and man-made hazards ............................. 23
5.1.1.3 Implications for development practice ................................................. 24
5.1.2 Golo Mandhro – an agricultural village exposed to seasonal seawater intrusion ............. 25
5.1.2.1 Levels of vulnerability in Golo Mandhro ................................................ 30
5.1.2.2 Implications for development practice ................................................. 32
5.1.3 Ahmed Raju – vulnerable groups in a heterogeneous village .................................... 32
5.1.3.1 Local impacts of natural hazards ........................................................ 37
5.1.3.2 Analyzing the image of vulnerability in Ahmed Raju ................................. 38
5.1.3.3 Implications for development practice ................................................. 39
5.2 Thatta – risk exposure in scattered settlements close to a breached Indus-dyke ................. 41
5.2.1 Ahmed Sorjho – a scattered village of multiple hamlets and diverse social groups .......... 42
5.2.1.1 Implications for development practice ................................................. 49
5.2.2 Alloo Noonari – complete flood-destruction, water-scarcity and incapacity to cope ........ 50
5.2.2.1 Flood impacts on the village.............................................................. 52
5.2.2.2 Analyzing vulnerable households ........................................................ 55
5.2.2.3 Shelter, drinking water and cash ........................................................ 56
5.2.3 Summary of findings: loss of basic services threatens rural livelihoods ....................... 58
5.3 Dadu – exploitative sharecropping systems as an accelerating factor for pauperisation ........ 59
5.3.1.1 Bonded labour, debts and sharecropping in Dadu ..................................... 60
5.3.2 Wali Mohammad Laghari – small landowners at the tail-end of the irrigation system ....... 61
5.3.2.1 The women of Wali M. Laghari as essential part of the Sindhi cap value chain .. 66
5.3.2.2 Local impacts of the flood ................................................................ 70
5.3.2.3 Material destruction and infrastructural needs ........................................ 71
5.3.2.4 Measures to improve the situation ...................................................... 73
5.3.3 Mehrab Qambrani – a sharecropping village dominated by big landlords ...................... 73
5.3.3.1 Mehrab Qambrani as a highly vulnerable village – evidence from the VCI ........ 77
5.3.3.2 Development in the face of submissive power structures ........................... 78
5.3.4 Zafarabad - slow return of inhabitants and continuing internal displacement ............... 79
5.3.4.1 The VC Index in Zafarabad ................................................................ 85
5.3.4.2 Measures for improving the situation ................................................... 87
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