Physical Density and Urban Sprawl: A Case of Dhaka City - KTH

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qualities and physical densities are standard but 18% of total population live in informal settlements. Uttara has been built as the satellite town of Dhaka city to provide houses to the middle and higher middle income people. Here also 19% of total population live in informal settlements. Actually each and every thana of Dhaka city is holding informal settlements. 3.9.3 Owner ship pattern of informal settlements With reference to table 3.7 it is evident that most of the informal settlements (77.15%) are located in the private land but the ownership is different. Sometimes the owner is single or sometimes multiple. The reason behind this is, a lot of vacant lands have been illegally occupied by some powerful politicians or people. They build informal houses to earn ‘‘black money’’ by renting the houses as well as conducting illegal businesses like drug and sex businesses. The second major percentage (21.42%) is located on the government land but they are also being conducted by the powerful politicians in that area. Table 3. 7: Owner ship pattern of land Owners Number of settlements Percentage Government 644 21.42 Non government organization 35 1.16 Private (single owner) 1270 42.23 Private (Multiple owner) 1047 34.82 Others 11 0.36 Total 3007 100 Source: LGED, 1996. Although it is difficult to relate the characteristics of emerging block types with only a few factors, it seems however, that rapid urbanization trends play a major influential role especially on the proliferation of formal and informal settlements in Dhaka city. This factor is linked to the housing and land supply system. Government land and housing supply organizations provide block with standard physical densities and spatial qualities but the private sectors provide houses with high physical densities to increase efficiency of spaces inside the block. The informal housing settlements are mainly developed in the periphery of the city, though these types of housings are available in the inner part of the city. The area of the city is increasing due to the development of the informal settlements. 34
CHAPTER 4 FINDINGS FROM THE INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS This chapter reviews the physical densities, plot characteristics, space usability, cross ventilation and availability of daylight in the blocks of informal settlement. The ‘Geneva Camp’ and ‘Tikka Para Bustee’ in Mohammadpur are the two rapidly growing and old informal settlements in Dhaka city. ‘Bustee’ is the local name of informal settlement in Bangladesh. The above components are studied by the satellite image, relevant empirical studies and photographs of those settlements. The physical densities of Geneva camp have been studied by the satellite image of that settlement which has been collected from the Google Earth Software whiles the spatial qualities are explored by the photographs of that area. On the other hand the physical densities of ‘Tikka para bustee’ are explored from the empirical study regarding to that area and photographs are used to explore the space usability, cross ventilation and availability of daylight. 4.1 Geneva Camp in Mohammadpur thana The Geneva camp has been selected for its old age, location and construction materials of houses which have described in the chapter 1. This settlement was developed for the refugee who came from Bihar, India after the separation of Pakistan and India in 1947. The houses in this settlement are different from the houses of the most informal settlements. They are made by brick walls with tin’s roof where as most of the houses in the informal settlements in Dhaka city are made by earth materials. But there are absence of infrastructure facilities and spatial qualities in this settlement. The inhabitants of this area do not agree to consider this area as informal settlement due to its planned characteristics. But the unavailability of physical infrastructures and the lack of spatial qualities in that settlement are similar to informal settlements. Fig 4.1: Satellite image of Geneva camp. Source: Google earth, 2007. Physical densities Physical densities which have been explained in chapter 2 cover FAR and percentage of land coverage by buildings in the block. Figure 4.1 shows the satellite image of the ‘Geneva Camp’. The physical characteristics of the whole block are the same, hence the need to 35
Page 1 and 2: KTH Architecture and the Built Envi
Page 3 and 4: CHAPTER 6: FINAL ANALYSIS..........
Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT Md. Syful Islam: Physical
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This study a
Page 9 and 10: Habraken (1998:292-93) states that,
Page 11 and 12: Since the study is dealing with the
Page 13 and 14: Banani Model Town residential area
Page 15 and 16: Applied Procedure to calculate land
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 2 THEORY OF THE CONCEPTUAL
Page 19 and 20: crowded and unsuitable environments
Page 21 and 22: unrealistic because tall buildings
Page 23 and 24: Carlos Barquin et. el. (1986) emplo
Page 25 and 26: Fig 2.7: Cluster of Informal settle
Page 27 and 28: Figure 3.1: Physical growth of Dhak
Page 29 and 30: Until 1951, Bangladesh was almost c
Page 31 and 32: 3.5 Land use pattern of Dhaka city
Page 33 and 34: construction is illegal while squat
Page 35 and 36: even accuse RAJUK, the most promine
Page 37 and 38: CUS, the number of informal settlem
Page 39: Figure 3.9: Ratio of formal and inf
Page 43 and 44: Spatial qualities Spatial qualities
Page 45 and 46: settlement are selling their daily
Page 47 and 48: The houses are very close to one an
Page 49 and 50: Figure 4.15: The space inside the h
Page 51 and 52: It can be seen from the findings of
Page 53 and 54: 5.2 Shobhanbagh officers’ colony
Page 55 and 56: . Figure 5.4: Aerial photograph of
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER 6 FINAL ANALYSIS Chapters 4
Page 59 and 60: narrow roads for drying and washing
Page 61 and 62: CHAPTER 7 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCL
Page 63 and 64: of proper monitoring in housing mar
Page 65 and 66: Nnaggenda-Musana A., (2004), Sprawl

Physical Density and Urban Sprawl: A Case of Dhaka City - KTH

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