Physics And Chemistry Basis Of Biotechnology - De Cuyper - tiera.ru

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Radioactive microspheres for medical applications Table 8: Radioactive microspheres for therapeutic applications Application Type of radioactive microspheres used Particle size Radiosynovectomy of arthritic joints 35 S-colloid 0.05-0.6 pm 90 Y-resin microspheres 20-50 pm 90Y-silicate, 90Y-citrate 0.01-1 pm I65 Dy-ferric hydroxide macroaggregates 2-5 pm 169Er-citrate 0.1-1 pm 186Re-sulfur-colloid 30-50 nm 188 Re-macro-aggregated albumin 10-20 pm Local radiotherapy 90Y-labeled poly(lactic acid) 1-5 or 10-50 microspheres 165 Dy-acetylacetone poly(lactic µm 1-5 or 10-50 acid) microspheres 166 Ho-acetylacetone poly(lactic µm 1-5 or 10-50 acid) microspheres µm 186 188 Re/ Re-labeled poly(lactic acid) 1-5 or 10-50 microspheres µm 211At-microspheres 1.8 µm, 3- 10 µm 212 Pb-sulfur colloid
Urs Häfeli 188 166 165 [ 130], Re-labeled albumin microspheres [78], Ho- or Dy-enclosing biodegradable poly(lactic acid) microspheres [67,131] and 90Y- or 186 Re/ 188Re-enclosing biodegradable poly(lactic acid) microspheres [79,132] can be produced in the appropriate size, will biodegrade after complete decay and can easily be made radioactive. More information about radiosynovectomy is available in an extensive review written by Harbert [133]. It covers the medical applications and procedures in detail. The radiation dosimetry of radiosynovectomy is covered by Johnson et al. [30]. Another important area for β-emitting microspheres is their use in the local treatment of tumours. The delivery of these radioactive microspheres has been attempted in several ways. In one of them, radioactive microspheres are directly injected into the tumour. Wang et al., for example, radiolabelled ion exchange resin microspheres with 188 Re and injected them directly into rat hepatomas [134]. Twelve out of 15 rats survived longer than 60 days in the treatment group, as compared to 5 out of 15 rats in the control group. In another novel method for the treatment of solid tumours, Order et al. combined embolization therapy and local radiotherapy, injecting first non-radioactive macro-aggregated albumin microspheres followed by colloidal 32 32 P-chromic phosphate [ 135]. The blockage of the capillaries induced before the Pinjection resulted in a 3-fold increase of colloid uptake, an effect that lasted for at least 48 hours. This technique has been tested in a first clinical phase I trial for the treatment of non-resectable pancreatic cancer [ 136]. Four patients had a complete response with a duration ranging from 2-57 weeks and 5 patients had a partial response with a duration ranging from 4-21 weeks, corresponding to an objective response of 53% (9 of 17 patients). Six of these patients were alive 33-57 weeks after treatment. At the current time, there is only one approved application for radioactive microspheres in the United States [137]. It is the use of 32P-chromic phosphate colloid for the treatment of cystic brain tumours such as craniopharyngiomas and astrocytomas. The radiocolloid is typically instilled using stereotaxic equipment, either with or without surgical resection or drainage of the cyst. There exists persuasive evidence that this therapeutic approach is as or more efficacious than conventional methods not only for patients with recurrent malignancies, but also for patients receiving primary radiocolloid therapy [ 138]. Radioactive glass- and poly(lactic acid)microspheres containing a mixture of 186 Re and 188 Re have recently been incorporated into a bioadhesive gel of either carboxymethylcellulose or fibrin glue and applied to the surface of growing rat 9L-glioblastomas [139]. The control group's survival was 18 days, whereas 4 out 6 of the treated animals were still alive on day 35, which represented the end of the experiment (Figure 8). The amount of radioactive 186 Re and 188Re injected was less than 50 µCi combined. The surviving animals showed no signs of toxicity and had not lost any weight. Such microspheres are now planned for a clinical phase I trial of the treatment of recurrent brain tumour metastases intraoperatively after debulking. This therapeutic approach looks especially promising because the likelihood of local recurrence in these patients is very high [140], and the local radiation with g-emitters could be done in addition to chemotherapy or whole brain irradiation without risking undue toxicity. 238
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PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY BASIS OF BIOT
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Physics and Chemistry Basis of Biot
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EDITORS PREFACE At the end of the 2
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TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORS PREFACE .
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4.3. Expression and functionality .
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2 . Magnetically labelled antibodie
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6.1. Instrumental characterisation
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BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS SYNTHESIS Abst
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Biomimetic materials synthesis cont
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Biomimetic materials synthesis 3. I
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Biomimetic materials synthesis The
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Biomimetic materials synthesis 3.2.
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Biomimetic materials synthesis 3.5.
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Biomimetic materials synthesis In t
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Biomimetic materials synthesis The
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Biomimetic materials synthesis Othe
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Biomimetic materials synthesis on s
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Biomimetic materials synthesis form
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Biomimetic materials synthesis poly
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Biomimetic materials synthesis anal
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Biomimetic materials synthesis Figu
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Biomimetic materials synthesis Sinc
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Biomimetic materials synthesis inte
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Biomimetic materials synthesis 42.
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DENDRIMERS: Chemical principles and
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Dendrimers: Chemical principles and
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RATIONAL DESIGN OF P450 ENZYMES FOR
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Rational design of P450 enzymes for
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AMPEROMETRIC ENZYME-BASED BIOSENSOR
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Amperometric enzyme-based biosensor
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SUPPORTED LIPID MEMBRANES FOR RECON
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Supported lipid membranes for recon
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FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE SECRETI
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Functional structure of the secreti
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COLD-ADAPTED ENZYMES D. GEORLETTE,
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Cold-adapted enzymes enzyme activit
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Cold-adapted enzymes their high spe
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Cold-adapted enzymes flexibility of
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Cold-adapted enzymes Some recent wo
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Radiation-induced bioradicals: tech
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References Radiation-induced biorad
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AROMA MEASUREMENT: Recent developme
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Aroma measurement: recent developme
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62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73
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INDEX albumin.... 122,151, 198, 206
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frog embryo .......................
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P-32 ..............................
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