jarji fxoveli daTo qardava giorgi kekeliZe nino gugeSaSvili tadeuS ...
jarji fxoveli daTo qardava giorgi kekeliZe nino gugeSaSvili tadeuS ...
jarji fxoveli daTo qardava giorgi kekeliZe nino gugeSaSvili tadeuS ...
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
10<br />
literaturuli literaturuli gazeTi<br />
gazeTi<br />
Canawerebi 22 ivnisi - 5 ivlisi 2012<br />
kirosi, artaseqse da erekle II<br />
sparseTis mefe kirosma babiloni<br />
rom daamarcxa, nabuqodonosoris mier<br />
tyved wasxmul ebraelebs gamoucxada,<br />
SegiZliaT mSobliur iudeas daubrundeTo.<br />
Tavisufleba 70- wliani tyveobis<br />
Semdeg movida.<br />
iudeis ebraeloba erTob SeWirvebuli<br />
iyo – babilonTan omma qveyana<br />
gaaCanaga – vera da ver moiTqva suli,<br />
verc ricxobriv imravla.<br />
TiTqmis rva aTeuli wlis Semdeg<br />
sparseTis sxva mefe, amjerad artaseqse,<br />
iudeis sulier liderad gzavnis<br />
rabi ezras.<br />
mefe artaseqsem ezras, Turme, uTvalavi<br />
oqro-vercxli gamoatana. sasaxlis<br />
karma ra dainaxa, mefe ase gaisarjao,<br />
Tavadac kargad gaikra jibeze<br />
xeli. ase, rom rabi ezra didZali saunjiT<br />
daubrunda iudeas. mefuri didsulovnebis<br />
da tolerantobis didebuli<br />
nimuSia dokumenti, romelic artaseqsem<br />
rabi ezras gamoatana: es oqrovercxli<br />
mxolod taZris aRdgenas moxmardeso,<br />
xolo imiT, rac taZris aRdgenis<br />
Semdeg dagrCebaT, `hqmeniT is,<br />
rasac Sen da Sens ZmaT Wkua-goneba<br />
gikarnaxebT~. es erTi. meore: da iqneb,<br />
ufro mniSvnelovanic: `xolo Sen, ezra,<br />
Seni RvTiuri sibrZniT dasvi<br />
mmarTvelni da msajulni, raTa maT gansajon<br />
mdinaris gaRmeli xalxi. gansajon<br />
yvela, vinc ar Seasrulebs Seni<br />
RmerTisa da mefis kanonebs, dasajeT<br />
sikvdiliT, an gandevneT, an jarima<br />
daakisreT, an arada, bnelSi CaamwyvdieT!~<br />
artaseqse didi, Zlieri pirovnebaa<br />
da sjera, rom sxvaTa RmerTi mis rwmenas<br />
ar gamoricxavs, arc Seuracxyofs.<br />
bedniereba is aris, roca adamianebs<br />
aqvT survili da ufleba, emsaxuron<br />
imas, vinc Tavad miaCniaT RmerTad.<br />
gadis 23-24 saukune da qarTl-kaxe-<br />
Tis mefe erekle bagrationi daba suramidan<br />
iRebs erTi ebraeli qalbatonis<br />
– gvarad fiCxaZe – werils. es fiCxaZe<br />
mefes wers: mamaCemi gardaicvala,<br />
Cemma Zmebma mamaCvenis qoneba gaiyves da<br />
me araferi margunes. Sen yovlisSemZle<br />
mefe xar, iqneb, raime iRono, Cemi Zmebi<br />
gons moiyvano, rom mamis qonebidan Cemi<br />
wili miviRoo.<br />
rogorc xedavT, Zmebze dawerili<br />
erTi Cveulebrivi saCivaria. Zalze<br />
uCveulo da mravlismTqmelia erekle<br />
meoris pasuxi: gamgebelsa suramisasa.<br />
Tu am qals moses rjulis mixedviT<br />
ZmaTagan wili ekuTvnis, mieceso.<br />
mefe erekle meoris es `rezolucia~<br />
rom wavikiTxe, saxtad davrCi: aris saxelmwifo,<br />
saxelmwifos aqvs didi istoria,<br />
Tavisi kanonebi, hyavs uzenaesi<br />
piri – kanonmdebelica da aRmasrulebelic<br />
da Tavis, adgilobriv aRmasrulebel<br />
xelisuflebas avalebs sakiTxi<br />
gansajos sxva eris, qveynis kanon-<br />
Ta mixedviT?<br />
ra saerToa sparseTis mefe arteqsesa<br />
da qarTl-kaxeTis mefe erekles<br />
Soris? saxelmwifoc hqondaT, kanonmdeblobac,<br />
Zalac mosdevdaT, magram<br />
maTi Sexedulebebi, humanisturi idealebi<br />
kanonsac ki sZlevda. aseTi idealebi<br />
didbunebriobasa da sikeTis qmnaSi<br />
ibadeba.<br />
iqneb, vinme SemekamaTos, magram<br />
mainc mgonia: zogierTi qveynis mosaxleobisaTvis<br />
aseTi tolerantoba Cvens<br />
ganaTlebul, demokratiis zeobis epoqaSic<br />
ki saocneboa.<br />
religiaTa zedapiruli<br />
urTierToba<br />
londonSi, hatrous aeroportSi<br />
religiaTa urTierTobis sakiTxi ukve<br />
Taviseburad mougvarebiaT: erT arc-<br />
Tu ise did oTaxSi magidaze alagia axali<br />
aRTqma, yurani, ebrauli locvani,<br />
winaswarmetyvelTa wignebi. aqve karadac<br />
dgas. karadis ujrebSic qristianuli,<br />
muslimuri, iudaisturi wignebia.<br />
risTvis aris es oTaxi?<br />
imisaTvis, rom amaTuim qveyanaSi,<br />
qalaqSi gafrenis momlodine adamianebi,<br />
Tu locvis Jami daudgebaT, aq<br />
Semovidnen, ilocon. aqvea religiuri<br />
atributika, gansakuTrebiT bevria muslimuri<br />
– patara xaliCebi, romelsac<br />
locvisas iatakze hfenen. ai, muslimi<br />
kaci xaliCaze daCoqila. gatacebiT<br />
loculobs, welSi ikakveba. meore muslimma<br />
ki 5-6 wlis biWi daiyena gverdiT,<br />
meuRle da pawia Svili aqve elodebian<br />
– aTiod nabijze.<br />
vinc ar unda iyos, romeli<br />
rjulisac, mlocveli kaci lamazad<br />
moCans, saTnod. yoveli mlocveli, ra<br />
rwmenisac ar unda iyos,simSvides mimoafens.<br />
naxevar saaTze meti viyavi am oTax-<br />
Si. arc qristiani, arc iudeveli aq ar<br />
Semosula.<br />
miunhenis aeroportSic cdilan<br />
religiaTa daaxloebas – imis Segonebas,<br />
rom RmerTi erTia. religiuri<br />
rekviziti aqac uxvadaa – muslimuri,<br />
qristianuli, iudaisturi.<br />
eseni ki cdilan, magram...<br />
nod israelSi Seicnob. paraskevs mze<br />
rom fexakrefiT ecleba misgan gaTangul<br />
quCebs, am mudam moZrav, futkris<br />
skasaviT axmaurebul, wuTisoflis<br />
sazrunaviT aforiaqebul qalaqebSi<br />
sulis momfonebeli simSvide isadgurebs.<br />
sul raRac naxevari saaTis ganmavlobaSi<br />
SeicnobT, Tu ra gansxvavebaa<br />
sadag dResa da uflis dRed Sesaxelebul<br />
SabaTs Soris: aRar moZraobs<br />
sazogadoebrivi transporti, ixureba<br />
yvela sawarmo, organizacia, maRazia.<br />
koxtad morTuli, gabrwyinebuli mzeris<br />
adamianebi lamis fexakrefiT<br />
mieSurebian salocavebisaken.<br />
dasadgurebul simSvides kantikuntad<br />
Cavlili manqanis Zravis xma Tu<br />
daarRvevs. is manqanac Caivlis da garemos<br />
isev simSvide efineba. locvad mimavalni<br />
Cavlil manqanas dananebiT,<br />
Tavis ukmayofilo gaqneviT ayoleben<br />
Tvals. ician: am manqanebSi memarcxene<br />
partiis wevrebi, an sabWoeTidan, umeteswilad<br />
ruseTidan, Camosulni<br />
sxedan. isini miiCneven, rom SabaTi mx-<br />
guram baTiaSvili<br />
saxeebi da situaciebi<br />
ramdenime Tavi axali wignidan<br />
oTaxis SuagulSi TeTri sveti dgas.<br />
am svetze muslimebs, qristianebs,<br />
TavTavianTi mosazrebebi miuweriaT.<br />
yoveli amaTgani TavianT RmerTs amjobinebs<br />
– muslimi – alahs, qristiani<br />
– qristes. iudevelebs araferi miuweriaT.<br />
svetze ori qarTuli warwerac<br />
SevniSne: `qriste!~ RaRadebs erTi, `RmerTi<br />
mxolod qristea~ _ wers meore.<br />
keTili da patiosani. yvela Tavis<br />
RmerTs miiCnevs umjobesad, magram muslimTa<br />
warwerebi rom aTjer metia qristianulze?<br />
weren arabulad, inglisurad,<br />
germanulad.<br />
muslimuri zegavlenis zrda sxva<br />
faqtorebSic Cans: aeroportis direqcia<br />
informacias germanul, inglisur<br />
da Turqul enebze gvawodebs. beberi<br />
evropis ZarRvebSi Turquli sisxli<br />
xmiandeba. ase meCveneba, es aranakleb<br />
mniSvnelovani faqtoria, vidre is, rac<br />
moxda 1453 wels,roca daeca konstantinepoli.<br />
maSin otomanebi xmals ise<br />
Zlier iqnevdnen, qristianobis navsayudelma<br />
– bizantiam daiCoqa. dRes<br />
xmali saWiro aRar aris, muslimoba<br />
evropuli tolerantobiT, didi<br />
SromiT, muyaiTobiT imkvidrebs adgils<br />
goTebis saufloSi.<br />
ra iqneba xval?<br />
uflis dRe<br />
wminda hyav dRe igi SabaTi, eqvsi dRe<br />
iSrome, ofli Rvare, meSvide dRe ki<br />
uflisa iyoso, RaRadebs sinais mTidan<br />
moses mier Camotanili erT-erTi mcneba.<br />
diasporis ebraelebi SabaTis gansxvavebulobas<br />
da gansakuTrebulobis<br />
srulyofilad ver vgrZnobT – adamiani,<br />
romeli religiisac ar unda iyos,<br />
cxovrebis ragvari wesiTac ar unda<br />
cxovrobdes, garemomcveli samyaros<br />
did zegavlenas ganicdis. diasporis<br />
ebraelobisaTvis ki garemomcveli samyaro<br />
SabaTsac igivea, rogorc orSabaTs,<br />
samSabaTs Tu xuTSabaTs.<br />
SabaTis raobas mkafiod, TvalsaCi-<br />
olod imiT gansxvavdeba sxva dReebisagan,<br />
rom samsaxurSi ar midixar. meti<br />
araferi. uflis msaxureba _ ebrael-<br />
Ta uwinaresi movaleoba? zRvispira<br />
qalaqSi ufro gamokveTilia SabaTisa<br />
da dasvenebis dRis raoba: adamianebis<br />
(repatriantTa) erTi nakadi zRvisken,<br />
pliaJisaken mieSureba, meore nakadi ki<br />
sapirispiro mxares _ sinagogisaken.<br />
iwyeba locva da saamo saxilvelia,<br />
adamianebi rogor SehRaRadeben uzenaess,<br />
rogor avedreben mSvidobas, isini<br />
sxvadasxva feris arian, iqneb, erTmaneTis<br />
moqiSpenic, aq ki erTiandebian<br />
– erTsa da igives avedreben uzenaess.<br />
sxvadasxva intonaciiT loculoben,<br />
sxvadasxva kiloze. amaTi yuris migdeba<br />
bevr sainteresos daganaxebT. magaliTad,<br />
qarTvel ebraelTa locvis intonaciaSi<br />
SesaZloa, popularuli<br />
qarTuli simRerebis intonaciac SeicnoT<br />
(es gansakuTrebiT SesamCnevi gaxldaT<br />
qarTvel ebraelTa mTavari rabinis<br />
rafael elaSvilis locvis maneraSi).<br />
ise guldagul loculoben, ise<br />
SehRaRadeben RmerTs, TiTqos igi ager,<br />
axlos iyos da yurs ugdebdes, vin<br />
rogor loculobs, vin ramdenad gulwfelia<br />
uzenaesis xotbisas. Rrmad<br />
morwmuneni, e.w. `xaredimebi~, dabejiTebiT<br />
gvimtkiceben: ara iaraRiT,<br />
ara Tqveni samxedro strategiiT, Cveni<br />
locviT arsebobso israeli – Cvens<br />
locvas Seismenso RmerTi. aba, ra<br />
akavebs, ra Trgunavs amodena mtrul<br />
samezoblos, yovel dilas, yovel saRamos<br />
walekviT rom gvemuqreba. ebraelebi<br />
zRvaSi unda gadavyaroTo, gaiZaxian,<br />
Cven ki kvlav da kvlav varT da<br />
viqnebiT. aseTia neba uzenaesisa. Cvens<br />
istoriaSi, yoveldRiur cxovrebaSic<br />
ki RmerTi monawileobs~.<br />
isic saamo saxilvelia, locvis dam-<br />
Tavrebis Semdeg kmayofili, saxegaciskrovnebuli<br />
adamianebi RvTismadidebeli<br />
piutebis RiRiniT rogor<br />
brundebian Sin.<br />
SabaTi locvaSi, mTeli kviris najafari<br />
sxeulis SvebaSi gaileva da roca<br />
saRamos caze varskvlavebi dasxdebi-<br />
an, isev aforiaqdeba, axmaurdeba qveyana.<br />
iwyeba cxovreba – brZola gadar-<br />
CenisaTvis. `xaredimebi~ ki kvlav biblias,<br />
Talmuds, winaswarmetyvelTa<br />
wignebs Cascqerian da SesaZloa, Tavze<br />
ise daaTendeT, verc ki igrZnon.<br />
eseni ar xmauroben – uxmod, udrtvinvelad<br />
evedrebian RmerTs. iqneb, am<br />
axmaurebul futkris skaSi uzenaesi<br />
swored imaT locvas gamoarCevs, vinc<br />
mis mcnebebs mtkiced misdevs?<br />
vin icis!..<br />
Semosva-gaxda<br />
adamianis Semosva uxsovar dros<br />
daiwyo. gaCenidan karga xnis Semdeg<br />
gadadga nabiji progresisaken: mixvda,<br />
rom SiSvelma ar unda iaros. Semosvis<br />
procesi saukuneebi grZeldeboda –<br />
nel-nela imatebda tansacmels. mere es<br />
procesi damTavrda. sazogado adgilebSi<br />
erTob Semosili gamodioda –<br />
ise imoseboda, rogorc SeeZlo.<br />
dResac asea, magram amis paralelurad<br />
gaxdis procesi mimdinareobs – adamiani<br />
samosisgan erTob daCqarebuli wesiT<br />
iTavisuflebs Tavs. soflis erTi<br />
orRobidan meoreSi ki ara, qalaqidan<br />
qalaqSi Silifad gadadis. imasac ki<br />
vxedav, erTi saxelmwifodan meoreSi,<br />
kontinentidan kontinentzec ki mokle<br />
SarvliTa da flostebiT rom miemgzavreba.<br />
gaubralovda cxovrebisadmi<br />
misi damokidebuleba.<br />
am procesSi ra adgili uWiravs mwerlobas?<br />
an sWirdebaT am adamianebs<br />
sityvakazmuli mwerloba? adreul<br />
wlebSi rkinigzis sadgurebSi, avtobusebSi,<br />
metroSi, xSirad minaxavs wigns<br />
CaCerebuli adamiani. dRes kompiuterebs<br />
CasCerebian. Sig axal wamowyebaTa<br />
proeqtebs, auditTa analizis<br />
masalebs kiTxuloben. erTi SevniSne:<br />
prozas kiTxulobda.<br />
simarTle Tu windaxeduloba?<br />
Zalian Znelia gansazRvro, ra sjobia,<br />
simarTle Tu Sorsgaxeduleba.<br />
kargad maxsovs, erTi aseTi sentencia:<br />
nu iqnebi marTali, iyavi windaxeduli,<br />
gonieri. maxsovs, magram srulad ver<br />
viziareb. simarTlis ukana planze<br />
gadaweva, simarTlisadmi gverdis avla<br />
zneobriobas vnebs. ai, naxeT, ras Ra-<br />
Radebs bibliuri mefe daviTi fsalmunebSi:<br />
`marTlis mciredi sjobia, codvilTa<br />
did simdidres, rameTu mklavni<br />
codvilTa daimsxvrevian, xolo mar-<br />
TalTa sayrdeni ufalia~ (37, 16-17),<br />
`Cemi fari upyria RmerTs, gulmarTal-<br />
Ta mxsnels. RmerTi marTali msajulia~<br />
(7, 12), `rameTu, Sen akurTxeb marTals,<br />
ufalo!~ (5,13) `mipasuxe, odes mogixmob<br />
Cemi simarTlis RmerTo!~ (4,1).<br />
xalxma ki Sehqmna zemoTmoxmobili<br />
sentencia. ase mgonia, es aris simarTlis<br />
msaxurebiT vnebuli xalxis<br />
wamoZaxili: aswon-daswone, ras mogitans<br />
simarTlis Tqmao, iseve, rogorc<br />
qarTvelma kacma: `mihyev, mihyev simarTleso,<br />
gamogilevs sinaTleso~.<br />
ratom aris miuRebeli rCeva, magram<br />
mainc...<br />
me rom es rCeva kargad mqonoda Sesisxlxorcebuli,<br />
ase ar gavinawyenebdi<br />
iseT didebul qalbatons – msaxiobsa<br />
da sabavSvo mwerals, rogoric Tamar<br />
wulukiZe gaxldaT. Cinebuli<br />
saubari sCveoda _ dinji, STamagonebeli:<br />
30-iani wlebis pirveli naxevris<br />
rusTavelis Tetris dramatul ambebs<br />
sainteresod yveboda.meorec, wamekiTxa,<br />
gamego al. axmeteliseuli speqtaklebis<br />
mSveneba gaxl<strong>daTo</strong>. yvelaze<br />
mTavari: axmetelis meuRle iyo da<br />
didi reJisori rom daxvrites, mas,<br />
rogorc uRlis gamwevs, patimroba<br />
miusajes – aseTi wesi hqonia did diqtators.<br />
gadasaxlebidan dabrunebuli minskSi<br />
cxovrobda. vgoneb, samxedro<br />
pirze, generalze gaxldaT gaTxovili.<br />
saqarTveloSi drodadro Camodioda.ara<br />
mxolod TbilisSi, Teatraluri<br />
sazogadoebis soxumis dasasvenebel<br />
saxlSic vxvdebodi.
Change language