patara gorma `qarTul ocnebas~ didi guli aCvena
patara gorma `qarTul ocnebas~ didi guli aCvena
patara gorma `qarTul ocnebas~ didi guli aCvena
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20 saerTo gazeTi #32 (216), 18-24.VII, 2012 w.<br />
mogzauroba samSobloSi<br />
naavdrali<br />
broweuli<br />
tye-javaxeTi<br />
javaxeTSi sxvadasxva mxridan<br />
ramdenime gza Sedis, magram Cven raki<br />
uwinaresad tye-javaxeTi gvainteresebs,<br />
am mikroqveyanaSi borjom-bakurianis<br />
gavliT da cxrawyaros<br />
uReltexilis gadavliT SevdivarT.<br />
saocaria mzis amosvla cxrawyaroze<br />
wlis TiTqmis nebismier dros.<br />
sinaTle swrafad Camorbis Savi<br />
kldis kalTebze da grZel mindorze<br />
Cerdeba. es <strong>didi</strong>, grZeli zegani<br />
TrialeTis mikroqveynis dasawyisia,<br />
viwro zolad gawolili Rele ki<br />
qciis (xramis) saTavea, romelic<br />
cxra wyaroTi ikvebeba. am adgils<br />
qcia-nariani hqvia da didebuli<br />
cxvris sazafxulo ialaRia. mis gadaRma,<br />
samxreTiT tabawyuris tba da<br />
tye-javaxeTia. Cveni megzuri, borjomis<br />
raionis kulturisa da Zegl-<br />
Ta dacvis maSindeli ganyofilebis<br />
ufrosi mamia SariqaZe gvirCevs, rom<br />
Sublze qciis ankara wyali vipkuroT<br />
da xemsi miviRoT. axalamosulma<br />
mzem nami orTqlad aqcia da kordebs<br />
nisli aadina, romelsac qvevidan<br />
cxvris fara da ZaRlebis yefa<br />
amohyva.<br />
40 wuTis jayjayis Semdeg (axla<br />
es gza baqo-jeihanis navTobsadenis<br />
gayvanis Semdeg sagrZnoblad gamosworda)<br />
tabawyuris tba gamoCnda.<br />
marTalia, jer kidev borjomis<br />
raionSi vimyofebiT, magram es istoriuli<br />
javaxeTia. iq, sadac calke<br />
TrialeTze da TavkveTilas mTaze<br />
saubrobs, vaxuSti batoniSvili<br />
`tbis yuris~ tbasac axsenebs da ambobs:<br />
`wyali ankara, sasmelad tkbili<br />
da Semrgo~. am daxasiaTebas<br />
aucileblad unda daematos sityva<br />
`civi~, radgan tbis SuagulSi wyali<br />
iseTi civia, rom SeiZleba TiTebi<br />
dagazros.<br />
aris Tqmulebis ori varianti,<br />
romlis Tanaxmad es tba mdinare<br />
qciis gadmogdebiT Seiqmna Tamar mefis<br />
Tu vaxtang VI-is dros. iqidan<br />
gamomdinare, rom tabawyuri mdidaria<br />
TevziT, ra Tqma unda, imis varaudic<br />
SeiZleba, rom aq odesRac<br />
marTlac qciidan gadmoadines wyali,<br />
magram is, rom vulkanuri tba<br />
miwisqveSa wyaroebiT sazrdoobs da<br />
amJamad qciasTan aranairi saerTo<br />
ara aqvs, es udavoa. sarkis farTobiT<br />
tabawyuri CvenSi mxolod faravans<br />
da paliastoms CamorCeba, magram<br />
siRrmiT yvelaze metia da roca<br />
Relavs, mrisxane Sesaxedavia.<br />
tbas aqvs erTi miniaturuli<br />
kunZuli da erTic naxevarkunZuli,<br />
romelzec sofel tabawyuris Zveli<br />
ubania Sefenili. erT dros aq<br />
mcxovreb mosaxleobas vaxuSti<br />
TrialeTis mkvidrebad moixseniebs<br />
da ase axasiaTebs: `xolo arian kacni<br />
Trialelni mosilni viTarca<br />
dbanisxevelni (e.i. grZeli Coxebi<br />
mosavTo _ g.q.), simxne-haerovnebiTaca<br />
egreTni, garna eseni umjobesni<br />
yovliTa~.<br />
1828 wlis Semdeg, roca ruse-<br />
Tis mTavrobam aq baraleTeli som-<br />
amieridan Cvens mkiTxvels javaxeTSi _ saqarTvelos<br />
im uZveles mxareSi gavuZRvebi samogzaurod,<br />
romelic istoriuli sabuTebiTac ki Zv-w-aR.is VIII<br />
saukuneebidanaa cnobili _ urartus mefe argiSt I<br />
Zv. w.aR.is 785 wliT daTariRebul warweraSi mis mier<br />
dapyrobil mxareebSi asaxelebs zzaabbaaxxaass, romelic<br />
qarTulad zevaxad da javaxad gamoiTqmis. orive saxeli<br />
SemdgomSi pirTa saxelebadac iqca (iseve, rogorc<br />
kaxa kaxeTidan, herosi hereTidan da qarTlosi<br />
qarTlidan).<br />
saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebisgan gansxvavebiT, javaxeTSi<br />
xeobebiTa da xevebiT ver vixelmZRvanelebT,<br />
radgan mtkvris kanions Tu ar miviRebT mxedvelobaSi,<br />
mTeli es mxare ori <strong>didi</strong>, mTiani zegania,<br />
romelic mcire mdinareebiTaa daqsaqsuli da ara<br />
dasazRvruli. sxvadasxva wyaros mixedviT javaxeTi<br />
ZiriTadad or administraciul erTeulad yofila<br />
moliTis taZris xedi samxreT-dasavleTidan;<br />
werilis avtori da mamia SariqaZe moliTis erT-erT ciklopur kedelTan<br />
xebi amoiyvana, qarTvelebi nel-nela<br />
gaqrnen. 1850-1860 wlebSi sofelSi<br />
mxolod 2 qarTuli ojaxi iyo dar-<br />
Cenili, axla ki isinic aRar arian,<br />
Tumca aqa-iq iseT adamianebsac SexvdebiT,<br />
romlebic qarTul warmomavlobaze<br />
saubroben. 1947 wels niko<br />
berZeniSvili tabawyurSi gasomxebul<br />
sandoZeebs Sexvedria. erTerT<br />
maTgans markoz sandoZes qar-<br />
Tuli isev xsomebia da mecnierisTvis<br />
aseTi xalxuri leqsi uTqvams:<br />
`qciiT ru vadinevi da xonis tba vadidevio~.<br />
es strofi, garda imisa,<br />
rom zeviT motanil Tqmulebas exmianeba,<br />
imasac gvimxels, rom tabawyurs<br />
adre xoni rqmevia. sofels<br />
rom xoni erqva da Cvenc qarTvelebi<br />
viyaviT, amis sabuTi `beJencobis~<br />
dros davkargeTo _ uTqvams markozs.<br />
soflis am<br />
ubanSi dgas swo-<br />
red X saukunis<br />
naeklesiari _<br />
<strong>didi</strong> da sufTad<br />
gaTlili wiTeli<br />
qviT nagebi taZari,<br />
romelic<br />
1940 wlis miwisZvras<br />
Suaze<br />
danawevrebuli. faravnis tbidan ZiriTadi mtkvris<br />
(artanulas) xevamde arsebul zegans zzeemmoo jjaavvaaxxee-<br />
TTii rqmevia, uSualod ZiriTadi mtkvris xeobas da<br />
misgan dasavleTiT mdebare zegans _ qqvveemmoo jjaavvaaxxeeTTii.<br />
am mxaris ubadlo mcodne devi berZeniSvili<br />
javaxeTs damatebiT 4 fizikur-geografiul qveraionad<br />
hyofs: 1) CCrrddiillooeeTTii _ WobareT-tabisyuri,<br />
2) cceennttrraalluurrii _ axalqalaqis vake, 3) ssaammxxrreeTTii<br />
_ karwax-faravani, 4) ddaassaavvlleeTTii _niali.<br />
pirveli raioni, romelic osmaleTis imperiaSi<br />
Semaval gurjistanis vilaieTis xxeerrTTvviissiiss lliivvaa-<br />
SSii Sedioda, ttyyee-jjaavvaaxxeeTTaaddaaaa moxseniebuli. igi<br />
odesRac tyiani rom yofila da mere gadasxvaferebula,<br />
samsaris kompleqsis warwera da is legenda<br />
adasturebs, romelic baraleTSi movismine. maT Sesaxeb<br />
saTanado adgilze giambobT, axla ki mogzaurobas<br />
SevudgeT.<br />
tabawyuris taZris gare xedebi da interieris erTi kuTxe<br />
gauxleCia da kedlebi miwaze gadauwvenia<br />
daurRvevlad. naavdral<br />
broweuls hgavs wiTeli taZari,<br />
romelsac swored `wiTeli saydari~<br />
SemorCenia saxelad. kedlebze<br />
gvxvdeba mravali apotropuli simbolo:<br />
e.w. bolnuri jvrebi, varskvlavebi,<br />
geometriuli figurebi da<br />
sxva. dasavleT kedelze amokveTilia<br />
saintereso siuJetebi: `samoTxis<br />
mcvelebi~, `wminda mxedrebi~,<br />
`danieli lomebis xaroSi~.<br />
Semonaxulia gadmocema, rom tabawyuris<br />
wiTeli saydris warweriani<br />
qva, rogorc istoriuli sabuTi,<br />
am sofel-kuTxis gviandel mflobelebs,<br />
Tavad ciciSvilebs kedlidan<br />
amouRiaT. is warwera maT sasargeblod<br />
ar iqneboda, radgan X saukuneSi<br />
_ taZris agebis dros ciciSvil-fanaskertelebi<br />
aqedan Sors,<br />
taoSi cxovrobdnen.<br />
am nataZralidan Crdilo-dasavleTiT<br />
kidev erTi eklesiis naSTia<br />
SemorCenili (igi amJamad SekeTebulia),<br />
magram, mxatvruli TvalsazrisiT,<br />
igi wiTel saydars ver Seedreba.<br />
dRis meore naxevarSi tbis samxreT-dasavleT<br />
kideSi mdebare meore<br />
sofelSi, moliTSi SevdivarT,<br />
sadac iqauri kultsaxlis gamge<br />
gvxvdeba. rafaeli (ase hqvia Cvens<br />
maspinZels), iseve rogorc yvela<br />
moliTeli, somexia, magram qarTuli<br />
kargad icis. mas axlaxan dawvia<br />
saxlis zeda sarTuli da axla qveviT<br />
cxovrobs. pirveli sarTuli<br />
Zveli yaidisaa: saZinebel oTaxs saqonlis<br />
sadgomisgan ficruli kedeli<br />
hyofs. win derefania, sadac yvelisa<br />
da erbos kasrebi dgas da<br />
cxvris tyavebi hkidia. iqvea saostigne<br />
da mcire cxvris baga. Soriaxlo<br />
kruxi budobs. Cveni sastumroc<br />
esaa...<br />
rafaeli kidev erT qarTulis<br />
mcodnes gvacnobs, romelsac karga<br />
xnis winaT TbilisSi ucxovria, axla<br />
ki aq sadurglo saqmianobas eweva.<br />
igi qalaqur baiaTebs xan somxurad,<br />
xan qarTulad mReris da somxeTidan<br />
Camosul qaliSvils qarTulis<br />
swavlas urCevs.<br />
tabawyuris tba zRvis donidan<br />
1989 metris simaRlezea, sofeli<br />
moliTi ki ufro maRlaa _ 2030<br />
metrze. javaxeTis isedac grZeli<br />
zamTari aq kidev ufro xangrZlivia.<br />
moliTi, romelic vaxuSti batoniSvilis<br />
rukazec aris aRniSnuli,<br />
Zalian Zveli sofeli Cans. ciklopuri<br />
qvebiT naSeni yore-quCabandis<br />
boloSi, tbis mxares, gamodis<br />
gvirabi, romelic soflis SuaSi SemorCenili<br />
naeklesiaridan unda<br />
iwyebodes. es Zegli wiTel saydarze<br />
mZime dReSia da Zalianaa dangreuli.<br />
somxebs X-XI saukuneebis mar-<br />
Tlmadidebluri taZris gadarCenili<br />
sakurTxevlis afsidis gadakeTeba<br />
da sakuTari samlocvelos mowyoba<br />
ucdiaT erTxans, magram Semdeg<br />
ganzraxvaze xeli auRiaT da<br />
TavianTi kuTxe calke mouwyviaT.<br />
moliTis taZaric umetesad wiTeli<br />
Tlili qviTaa nagebi, magram misi<br />
Strixebis detaluri gacocxleba<br />
SeuZlebelia.<br />
soflis saerTo xedis gadasaRebad<br />
rafaelis navSi vsxdebiT da<br />
tbis Sua<strong>guli</strong>sken mivcuravT. aqamde<br />
rom mxolod erTi ciklopuri yore<br />
gvegona moliTSi, tbidan mTel gayolebaze<br />
araerT aseT kedels vxedavT.<br />
saocari sanaxaobaa: X saukunis<br />
Tu ufro adrindel megaliTur<br />
kedlebze Tanamedrove sofeli wamoskupebula<br />
da ezoebidan Wrela-<br />
Wrula sarecxs afrialebs baiara-<br />
RebiviT.<br />
gela qoqiaSvili<br />
avtoris fotoebi
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