Jurnali #6.indd

`miwa xar da miwadca miiqce~ 

mamuka cuxiSvili 

saqarTvelos istoriis codna rom TiToeuli Cvenganis upirvelesi 

movaleobaa, es kamaTs ar unda iwvevdes, metadre, es exeba saqa- 

rTvelos samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wiaRSi moRvawe 

da damkvidrebul sasuliero da saero sazogadoebas. 

winamdebare werilis mizani aris erTi umniSvnelovnesi sakiTxis 

Seswavla da am sakiTxis irgvliv arsebuli burusiT moculi istoriis 

ganxilva. saqme exeba zarzmis (monastris) taZarSi, sakurTxevlis 

gverdiT, erT patara keliaSi dasvenebuli micvalebulis, neS- 

tis Tu `mumiis~ amoucnob da dausabuTebel warmomavlobas, misadmi 

sasuliero pirebisa da mrevlis araadekvatur damokidebulebasa da 

gaumarTlebel saqciels. 

am werilSi gamoqveynebuli masalebi da dokumentebi aris 

safuZveli da naTeli gamovlineba imisa, rom sakiTxi moiTxovs 

dauyovnebliv Seswavlasa da problemis gadawyvetas. 

 

didi qarTveli geografi, kartografi, istorikosi vaxuSti ba- 

toniSvili samcxis aRwerisas brZanebs: `(abanos) Ãevs zeiT, wniss, 

s erTvis mtkuars wnisis Ãevi, gamomdinare fersaTis mTisa. es mo- 

dis pirvel Crdilo-dasavleTidam aRmosavleT-samÃreTs Sua, merme 

Crdilodam samÃriT. am Ãevzed ars, wniss zeiT, monasteri maRals 

kldesa zeda, keTilSeni, gumbaTiani da aw uqmi. am Ãevis saTaves, mTasa 

Sina, ars Wvintis dasavleTad j u a r i s c i x e, magari da did- 

Seni. Wvintas ars monasteri keTili, SuenierSeni da aw uqmi. wniss 

ars mtkuarzed Ãidi kargi. am Ãids zeiT momdovrdebis mtkuari da 

modrkebis samÃridam aRmosavleTad~. 1 

1 

batoniSvili vaxuSti, àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa~ / qarTlis cxovreba, T. 

IV, Tb., 1973. gv. 663.

178 mamuka cuxiSvili 

garda am monaTxrobisa, Tu istoriuli amonaridisa, sofel wnisis 

Sesaxeb qarTul saistorio literaturaSi keTilsaimedo ve- 

raferi vnaxeT. 

aRniSvnis Rirsia is garemoeba, rom sofel wnisSi, jer kidev vax- 

uStis dros, 1730-40-ian wlebSi mdgara `monasteri maRals kldesa 

zeda, keTilSeni, gumbaTiani da aw uqmi~, romlisTvisac Semdgom 

wlebSi yuradReba aravis aRar dauTmia. 

imisaTvis, rom dagvedgina zogierTi faqti zarzmis monasterSi 

(dasvenebuli) mumificirebuli neStis Sesaxeb, gadavwyviteT, vwveo- 

diT Tavad zarzmas da iq gagverkvia realoba (zarzmis monasterze 

cota qvemoT mogaxsenebT). 

ezoSi erTi sasuliero piri Semomegeba, romelsac ramdenime 

wuTSi veRarsad mivageni. Sevedi taZarSi, moviloce da erT saero 

pirs vTxove, davekavSirebine vinmesTan, visac kurTxevis mocema See- 

Zlo, raTa Sevsuliyavi im òTaxSi~ Tu `keliaSi~, sadac wnisSi aR- 

moCenili mumificirebuli neStis naxva iqneboda SesaZlebeli. 

samwuxarod, sasuliero pirTagan aravin gamovida da neStis 

sanaxavad axalgazrda mamakaci SemiZRva (sinaTle ar iyo). movimar- 

jve fotoaparati. wels zemoT fotos gadaRebis nebarTva ar momca, 

Tumca saxeze dafarna da wels zemoT Zvirfasi qsovili hqonda gada- 

farebuli, xolo muxlebs qvemoT SiSveli iyo da fotoc gadaviRe... 

taZridan gamovedi da axalcixisaken gaveSure.ukve 16 saaTisTvis 

vewvie axalcixis cixes, e, w. rabaTs, sadac amJamad mdebareobs ivane 

javaxiSvilis saxelobis samcxe-javaxeTis istoriuli muzeumis ad- 

ministracia. karTan Semomegeba batoni jumber Coxeli, romelic 

SemiZRva administraciul menejerTan, qalbaton ciuri lafaCTan. 

mivesalme, movikiTxe da Cemi gulisnadebi gavande. metad sandomiani 

da sasiamovno mosaubre aRmoCnda qalbatoni ciuri, romel- 

mac momiTxro (teqsts gTavazobT ucvlelad): `1941 wels, rodesac 

borjom-axalcixis rkinigzis monakveTis mSenebloba mimdinareob- 

da, sofel wnisTan saWiro gamxdara kldis Camongreva, sadac mdgara 

patara taZari. kldis ngrevisas muSebs SeuniSnavT akldama, sadac 

dasvenebuli yofila micvalebuli. 

adgilze misulan pasuxismgebeli muSakebi, romlebsac unaxavT 

micvalebuli. rogorc gadmocemiT viciT, neSti, miuxedavad xandazmu- 

lobisa, axalgardacvalebuls hgavda, magram rogorc ki mze da haeri 

moxvedria, maSinve Caferflila. gulze ekeTa Zvirfasi TvlebiT Semku- 

li oqros jvari, xolo tanze emosa aseve Zvirfasi Salis Sesamoseli. 

oqros jvari, adgilobrivi uSiSroebis ufross TbilisSi wau-


179 

Ria(?!), xolo neSti Semdgomi gamokvlevis mizniT gadausvenebiaT 

TbilisSi, romelsac gamokvleva Cautara vinme eqimma firfalaSvil- 

ma. imave TveebSi neSti gadmoasvenes axalcixis muzeumSi, sadac igi 

iyo 1989 wlamde (TvalebSi cremli Caudga qalbaton ciuris _ m.c.). 

1989 wels muzeumSi mobrZanda zarzmis monastris winamZRvari mama 

giorgi 2 (gvars ver ixsenebs), romelmac gadaWriT moiTxova neStis ga- 

dasveneba TavisTan, zarzmis monasterSi. Cven winaaRmdegoba gavuwieT. 

_ ratom SeewinaaRmdegeT? _ vkiTxe me. 

_ imitom, rom, jer erTi, micvalebuli unda dakrZaluliyo, rac 

1989 wlamde ver moxerxda, 3 da meorec, Tu maincdamainc Senaxvas ga da- 

wyvetdnen, aqve wm. marines saxelobis axalcixis sakaTedro taZarSi an 

kidev safaris monasterSi unda gadaesvenebinaT. zarzmaSi ra undoda? 

imave wlis Semodgomaze, rodesac muzeums stumrobdnen damTva- 

liereblebi da eqsponatebs vacnobdiT, Senobas moadga avtomanqana, 

iqedan gadmovida mama giorgi, romelsac axlda ramdenime adamiani da 

warmogvidgina imdroindeli umaRlesi sabWos Tavmjdomaris o. Cerqe- 

zias, religiis saqmeTa rwmunebulis xelmowerili Tanxmobani gvamis 

gadacemis Sesaxeb. Zalian gamiWirda, gavnerviuldi da vitire kidec, 

magram ra azri hqonda? TiTqmis naxevarsaukunovani istoria am neS- 

tisa dasrulda da man axali navTsayudeli hpova zarzmis monastris 

savaneSi. im dRis mere is aRar minaxavs~ (isev aucremlda Tvalebi)~. 

madlobis meti ra meTqmoda. davemSvidobe muzeumis TanamSrom- 

lebs da gezi Tbilisisaken aviRe. Tan vfiqrobdi: ra daaSava am kacma 

iseTi, rom mis nests miwa ar aRirses-meTqi. 

1972 wels saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis Jurnal 

`moambeSi~ akademikos konstantine erisTavis wardginebiT gamoqveynda 

pavle firfilaSvilis werili `mumificirebuli adamia- 

nis sxeulis SeswavlisaTvis~. gTavazobT teqsts ucvlelad: `1940 

wels borjom-axalcixis rkinigzis mSeneblobis dros sofel wni- 

sTan, `pataragoris~ maxloblad, dangreuli eklesiis maxloblad 

mdebare dangreuli eklesiis kldispira kedlebis aRebis dros ga- 

moCenila nawili kldisa, romelic (50-50 sm) qviTkiriT yofila 

gamoSenebuli. rkinigzis mSeneblebi dainteresebulan aRniSnuliT 

da gamoungreviaT igi, SigniT aRmouCeniaT gamoqvabuli, romelSic 

esvena adamianis mumificirebuli sxeuli. `mumiisaTvis~ gaukeTebiaT 

`sarkofagi~ da axalcixis i. javaxiSvilis saxelobis mxareTmcod- 

2 

es is mama giorgi xabeiSvilia, romelic, rogorc gadmocemiT viciT, garkveul 

dapirispirebaSi iyo saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTan. 

3 

qalbatoni ciuri lafaCi absoluturad marTebulad SeniSnavs, rom neSti unda 

dakrZaluliyo da dRemde am poziciaze rCeba, aseve _ marTebulad!


neobis muzeumSi gadautaniaT (cnoba mogvawoda vaso lomsaZem). 

muzemis direqtoris s. orjonikiZis gadmocemiT, Tavis droze `mu- 

mia~ unaxavs g. nioraZes, romelsac igi XVI-XVII ss. dauTariRebia. 

ra monacemebs eyrdnoboda mkvlevari daTariRebisas, samwuxarod, 

amis Sesaxeb cnobebi ar Semonaxula. `mumia~ dRemde Seuswavlelia. 

Cven davinteresdiT am sayuradRebo eqsponatiT da 1970 wlis iv- 

lissa da noemberSi CavatareT misi rentgenologiuri gamokvleva, 

axalcixis saavadmyofos rentgenologiur ganyofilebaSi. amasTan, 

Semdgomi laboratoriuli Seswavlis mizniT Tan wamoviReT Tavsa- 

burisa da sxeulis sxvadasxva midamodan aRebuli samosis nawilebi, 

xolo paTomorfologiuri gamokvlevisaTvis _ kanis, kanqveSa qso- 

vilebisa da aqilevsis myesis nawili. 

Cveni TxovniT, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis radio- 

naxSirbadiT (C 14 )absoluturi asakis gansazRvris laboratoriam 

aRniSnuli mumiis asaki (tanisamosis nawilebis mixedviT) gansaz- 

Rvra da daaTariRa 990±90 90 wliT. 

`mumias~, yabalaxis msgavsad, Tavze axuravs da yelze Semoxveuli 

aqvs maRalxarisxovani wvrilbewva bambisagan damzadebuli momwvano-yavisferi 

qsovili. tanze imave qsovilis `kaba~ da perangi. per- 

angis gulispirs Semovlebuli aqvs naturaluri abreSumis zonari, 

xolo kaba Suaze uxeSadaa gakerili. perangi da kaba Calisferia. 

tansacmlis qsovili Cveni TxovniT laboratoriulad Seswavlil 

iqna Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis ekonomikis fakultetis 

saqonelmcodneobis kaTedris laboratoriis mier (xelmZRvaneli k. 

megreliZe). laboratoriis daskvniT, qsovili fizikurad kargadaa 

Senaxuli. mikroskopuli SeswavliT dadginda, rom nimuSis yvela 

qsovili oTxkuTxedi xlarTiTaa moqsovili, Tavze da yelze Semox- 

veuli qsovili daCiTulia, xolo sxeulis safari samosi SeuRebavia. 

`mumia~ mamakacisaa, igi 40-45 wlis asakSi gardaicvala. `mumia~ 

gulxeldakrefilia. sxeulis safari kani gasqelebulia, elasti- 

kuroba TiTqmis dakarguli aqvs da irgvliv mWidrod ekvris mTel 

sxeuls. igi alag-alag daCvretilia (albaT Wiis mier _ p. f.). 

saTesle parki da aso mkveTrad SeWmuxnuli da dapataravebulia. 

asos CuCa mTelia. 

`mumiis~ simaRle 172 sm-ia. marjvena qveda kiduri marcxenasTan 

SedarebiT, mTel sigrZeze àtrofiulia~. maT garSemowerilobebs 

Soris sxvaoba 1-3 sm-ia. 

saxis qalas rentgenogramaze aRmoCnda, rom marjvena zeda ybaze 

premolarebis areSi alveolaruli morCi atrofiulia. qveda ybaze


181 

marjvniv ar arsebobs IV-V premolari. marcxniv sibrZnis kbili mT- 

lanad ar aris amoWrili, iqve qveda ybis kuTxis areSi aRiniSneba 

sklerozuli arSiiT Semofargluli mrgvali formis Crdili, rac 

gvafiqrebinebs kistaze. rentgenogramaze: menjis marjvena naxevari de- 

formirebulia. amasTan aRiniSneba tabuxis fosos fuZisa da boqvenis 

Zvlis aswvrivi totis Zveli motexilobis kvali. imave mxares, daxu- 

ruli xvreli dapataravebulia. aseve, marjvena terfi maRalTaRovania 

(eqskavaturi), xolo marcxena varusul deformacias ganicdis. 

amgvarad, `mumiis~ SeswavliT irkveva, rom gardacvalebamde bevrad 

adre, mas qveda ybaze hqonia kista, xolo menjze marjvniv, bo- 

qvenisa da sajdomi Zvlis ganuviTarebloba. cvlilebani: kiduris 

atrofia, terfebisa TaRovani da varusuli deformacia migvaniSnebs 

gadatanil avadmyofobaze _ poliomielitze. Tumca tabuxis fo- 

sos fuZisa da boqvenis Zvlis aswvriv totze arsebuli monacemebi 

imasac gvafiqrebinebs, rom SesaZlebelia saqme gvaqvs am Zvlebis 

Zvel motexilobasTan. yovelive zemoaRniSnulis safuZvelze unda 

vivaraudoT, rom, miuxedavad Zvlebis Sexorcebisa, pirovneba koWli 

yofila. rogorc cnobilia, mwvave poliomieliti pirvelad aRwera 

andervudom 1789 wels, magram am daavadebis siZvelis kvali salibis 

da ridas mixedviT, dadgenilia Zv. w. XV-IV ss. masalebis mixedviT. 

rac Seexeba mumiis Cacmulobis sakiTxs, misma laboratoriulma Seswavlam 

cxadyo, rom micvalebuli tansacmlianad dausaflavebiaT. Tu mxedv- 

elobaSi miviRebT dasaflavebis adgilmdeba r eobas (eklesiis siaxl ov es) 

safiqrebelia isic, rom `mumia~ iyo sasuliero pi ri. amgvari varaudis 

sasar geblod miuTiTebs qarTul werlobiT wyaroebSi daculi zogier-


Ti avtoris cn obac. ase, mag- 

aliTad, va x uStis mixedviT, 

sabawmi dis monastris zeviT 

_ cx invalis mimarTulebiT 

ud abnoSi arsebul kldeSi 

ga mokveTil erT-erT qvab Si 

`Zes mowese mkudari, dR emde 

dauSleli, kubosa Si na kld- 

isasa, anaforiTa~ da sxva. 

marjvniv wvivis ukana 

ze dapiridan pistomorfo- 

l ogiuri Seswavlis mizniT 

aR ebuli masala makroskopulad 

Semdegi monaceme- 

biT xasiaTdeba: kani ruxi 

nacrisferia, 

elastiku- 

roba dakarguli aqvs. mis 

qveS mdebare qsovilebi 

(fascia, aponevrozi da 

sxva, romelTa garCeva makroskopulad ver xerxdeba) Rrubliseburi 

SenebiT xasiaTdebian. aqilevsis myesis nawili cvilis feria. marTalia, 

igi mkvrivia, magram advilad iyofa calkeul boWkoebad, rom- 

lebsac elastikuroba SenarCunebuli aqvT. 

mikroskopul preparatSi kanis verc erTi Sre ver vnaxeT. mx- 

olod sam preparatSi (gadideba X200) aRmoCnda SerCenili Tmis 

bolqvismagvari konturebi da Tmis Reros mcire nawili. prepar- 

atSi viwro zolis saxiT Cans paralelurad ganlagebuli boWkoebi, 

romlebSic aRiniSneba difuzurad gabneuli yavisferi momrgvalo 

formis sxvadasxva odenobis beltebi _miwis saxiT. 

amgvarad, `mumiis~ Seswavlis Sedegad dadginda, rom igi X s. 

mcxovrebi sasuliero piria da daavadebuli yofila qveda ybis kis- 

tiT. amasTan, gadautania poliomieliti, marjvena tabuxis fosos 

fuZisa da boqvenis Zvlis aswvrivi totis motexiloba, ris gamoc 

dakoWlebula. aRniSnuli piri romeliRac xangrZlivad mimdinare 

mZime infeqciuri avadmyofobiT an SimSiliT gardacvlila. rogorc 

Cans, misi dasustebuli sxeulis mumificirebas SesaZloa erTgvarad 

xeli Seuwyo gamoqvabulSi arsebulma garemo pirobebma (niadagqveSa 

kalciumis Semcvelma wyalma, mudmivma temperaturam da sxva), Tumca 

gamoricxuli rodia gvamis dabalzameba.


183 

sakiTxi sainteresoa rogorc paleopaTologiis, ise medicinis 

istoriis TvalsazrisiT. amitom saWiroa `mumiis~ sxeulis qimiuri 

d baqteriologiuri Seswavlac. 

saqarTvelos ssr janmrTelobis dacvis saministros travma- 

tologiisa da orTopediis instituti (Semovida 10. 09. 1971)~. 4 

aqve unda aRvniSnoT is, rom Jurnalidan moxmobili werilis sru- 

li teqsti 40 wlis Semdeg (1972-2012) pirvelad qveyndeba oficialur 

beWdur samecniero krebulSi da misi xelmeored dabeWdvis mizania: 

1. sakiTxiT dainteresebul sazogadoebas kidev erTxel SevaxsenoT 

wnisSi aRmoCenili `mumiis~, e. w. istoriul-mecnieruli mni- 

Svneloba. 

2. am werilis kvaldakval etapobrivad ganvixiloT realoba da 

gamovitanoT logikuri daskvnebi, raTa sacnauri gaxdes rasTan an 

visTan gvaqvs saqme. 

 

mokled aRvwerT jer wnisis midamoebs da Semdeg zarzmis isto- 

riul taZars. 

wnisi aris sofeli axalcixis raionSi, romelic Sedis kldis 

Temis SemadgenlobaSi. mdebareobs axalcixis qvabulSi, mdinare mt- 

kvris marcxena napirze, zRvis donidan 935 metrze. 5 jer kidev ga- 

suli saukunis 70-80-ian wlebSi aq Semonaxuli iyo Sua saukuneebis 

cixe da XIII saukunis darbazuli eklesia. 

taZari, romelic kldeze idga, sadac mSeneblebma miagnes ak- 

ldamas, arsad ar aris moxseniebuli, Tumca, varaudiT SegviZlia 

vTqvaT, rom es is darbazuli eklesiaa, romelic wnisis aRwerisas 

Semoaqvs enciklopediis mTavar samecniero kolegias XI tomSi. 

vaxuSti brZanebs: àxalcixis wylis samÃreTiT, vidre mtkurad- 

mde, da eruSeTisa, da arsianis mTamde, wrwums zeiT, jayis wyalzed, 

ars y u e l i s c i x e, mravaljer Semusvrili da aw oÃeri. yuelis 

zeiT mTaSi ars zarzmas monasteri gumbaTiani, keTilSeni, Sueniers 

adgils da aw uqmi~. 6 

`zarzmaSi ramdenime Zveli nagebobaa: didi taZari da masze aR- 

mosavleTiT miSenebuli samlocvelo, samreklo da mis CrdiloeTis 

kedels mibjenili samlocvelo; aseTive mcire, erTnaviani samlocvelo 

taZris Crdilo-dasavleTis kuTxesTan, ori mcire eklesiis nan- 

4 

`saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis moambe~, Tbilisi, 1972 w. aprili, tomi 

66, #1, gv. 249-251. 

5 

qse, t. 11, Tb., 1987, gv. 341. 

6 

vaxuSti, aRweraÁ samefosa saqarTveloÁs~ / qarTlis cxovreba, t. IV, Tb., 1973, 

gv. 665.


grevi didi eklesiis samxerTiT~ 7 

zarzmis monasters safuZveli Cauyara adrindeli feodaluri 

xanis cnobilma sasuliero moRvawem serapion zarzmelma, romlis 

moRvaweobis Sesaxeb CvenTvis cnobilia basili zarzmelis Txzule- 

bidan `serapion zarzmelis cxovreba~. 

am Sromidan kargad Cans, rom serapioni warmoSobiT iyo klarji. 

miqel parexelis mowafe. igi Tavis ZmasTan erTad maSin wamovida `qveynad 

samcxisad~, roca miqels gamoecxada `vinme, viTarca mRdel-Sue- 

nierad Semosili~ da auwya, Seni mowafeebi unda wavidnen da daaarson 

monasteri iq, sadac maT RmerTi aniSnebso. serapionma da misma Zmam 

Tan waiRes feriscvalebis xati da didi Zebnis Semdeg, sxvadasxva sas- 

waulisa da Cvenebis mixedviT, naxes samonastro adgili. 

iqaurma mTavarma giorgi CorCanelma, romlis sasaxleebi zanavi- 

sa da CorCanis maxloblad idga, didi daxmareba gauwia serapions. 

aseve, basili ganmartavs, Tu ratom ewoda am adgils zarzma: `rameTu 

ewoda zarzma, romeli zariTa da SiSiTa miuTxrobelTa Sepy- 

robil iyvnes~. 8 

cnobilia isic, rom zarzmis uZveles, serapionis droindel taZrebs 

Cvenamde ar mouRweviaT, xolo Semdgomi wlebis zarzmis uZve- 

lesi samkaulia samlocvelos Sesasvlelis Tavze arsebuli jvari da 

warwera, romelic mogviTxrobs daviT kurapalatis droindel ambavs 

_ qarTvelTa laSqrobas ajanyebul barda skliarosis winaaRmdeg, bi- 

zantiis mefeTa dasaxmareblad (978-1002): `me, ivane Zeman sulaisman, 

aRvaSene wmidaÁ eguteri~ (samlocvelo), wers laSqrobis monawile, 

`mas Jamsa, odes saberZneTs gadga skliarosi, daviT kurapalati adiden 

RmerTman, uSuela wmidaTa mefeTa da Cuen yovelni wargvavlina~... 

bevri rom ar gagvigrZeldes, zarzmis monasteri Tavisi dide- 

bulebiT aocebs nebismier mnaxvels. mravalferovani CuqurTmebi, 

freskebi gansakuTrebul iers aniWeben dRemde uvneblad moRweul 

taZars. aTabagebi, CorCanelebi, mTavrebi, sasuliero da saero pirebi 

amSveneben taZris mxatvrobas, rac imas niSnavs, rom zarzma odiT- 

ganve iyo `Semkrebeli mravaliTa da wmidaTa~. 

iyo dro (XVI s.), rodesac sxva mraval savanesTan erTad zarzma- 

Sic Sewyda sicocxle, dacarielda da aoxrda taZari. iq davanebul- 

ma siwmindeebma TavSesafari hpova SemoqmedSi (guria), sadac gadarCa 

da kvlav daubrunda istoriul adgils. 

XIX saukunis miwuruls abasTumanSi samkurnalod dasaxleb- 

7 

v. beriZe, samcxis xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebi, `nakaduli~, Tb., 1970. gv. 60. 

8 

basili zarzmeli, `serapion zarzmelis cxovreba~, gamoc. r. TavaZis mier, Tb., 

1975, gv. 36.


185 

ulma ruseTis taxtis memkvidrem, giorgim zarzmis taZris SekeTeba 

gadawyvita, magram naadrevma sikvdilma SeuSala xeli. 1900-iani 

wlebis dasawyisSi ufliswulis survili realobad aqcia xuroT- 

moZRvarma skininma da mxatvarma slavcevma. 

dRes ki taZari funqcionirebs, iqvea mamaTa monasteri da wnisSi 

aRmoCenili daukrZalavi `mumia~. 

 

Zvel aRTqmaSi vkiTxulobT: òfliTa pirisa SenisaTa sWamde 

pursa Sensa vidre miqcevadmde Senda miwad, romlisgan moRebul 

iqmen, rameTu miwa xar da miwadca miiqce~ (dab. 3,19). imaves am- 

bobs eklesiaste: `miiqceodes mtveri miwad, rogorc iyo da suli 

daubrundebodes RmerTs, romelmac STabera~ (ekl. 12,7); anu adami- 

ani unda dasaflavdes gardacvalebis Semdeg. Tviseba mokvdaobisa 

adamianma SeiZina saRmrTo cnebis darRveviT, ris Semdegac igi Rmer- 

Tma samoTxidan gaaZeva da zemoTnaxsenebi sityvebiT mimarTa. petres 

kiTxvaze _ `micvalebulis sulisTvis sargeblobis momtania Tu ara 

sxeulis taZarSi dakrZalva? _ wm. grigol dioRolosi pasuxobs: 

`taZarSi dakrZalva im micvalebulebisTvis aris sasargeblo, rom- 

lebic didi codvebiT damZimebuli ar arian. maTi axloblebi am 

wmida adgilebSi (taZrebSi) ikribebian da gardacvlilTa safla- 

vebis xilvisas ixseneben maT, maTTvis RmerTs evedrebian. piriqiT, 

Tuki taZarSi iseT adamians dakrZalaven, romelsac suli momakv- 

dinebeli codvebiT aqvs damZimebuli, mas araTu codvebi Seendoba, 

aramed umetesad daisjeba~. 9 

wnisSi aRmoCenili da zarzmis wmida taZarSi dabrZanebuli `mumiis~ 

Sesaxeb akademikosma konstantine erisTavma mogvawoda is masala, 

rac misi samedicino-socialuri (anatomia, qsovilebis Ses- 

wavla...) warsulisaTvis iyo damaxasaTebeli, magram ratom an ra 

mizeziT hpova `mumiam~ gansasveneblad sarkofagi zarzmis monaster- 

Si, CvenTvis ucnobia. 

1983-1992 wlebSi axalcixisa da samcxe-javaxeTis eparqias ganagebda 

mitropoliti anania jafariZe, Tumca CvenTvis aseve ucno- 

bia, maRalyovladusamRvdeloesi anania am sakiTxis irgvliv iyo 

Tu ara Cayenebuli saqmis kursSi. faqti jiutia, zarzmis monastris 

maSindeli winamZRvris, arqim. giorgis iniciativiT wnisSi aRmoCenilma 

`mumiam~ miwis zemoT gansasvenebeli hpova zarzmis istori- 

uli taZris savaneSi. 

9 

wm. grigol dioRolosi, `sikvdilis Sesaxeb~ (naw. III), Tb., 1998, gv. 46.


akademikos konstantine erisTavs, romelic iyo Tbilisis rkinigzis 

saavadmyofos ufrosi (1938-41), Tbilisis samedicino in- 

stitutis direqtori (1941-50), sisxlis gadasxmis institutis 

direqtori (1948-50), eqsperimentuli da klinikuri qirurgiis institutis 

direqtori (1950-1974), mecnierebaTa akademiis biolo- 

giisa da medicinis ganyofilebis xelmZRvaneli (1951-55), jandacvis 

saministros mTavari samecniero sabWos Tavmjdomare (1957-72) da 

romlis saxels ukavSirdeba saqarTveloSi gulis, sisxlZarRvebis, 

filtvebisa da Tavis tvinis pirveli operaciebis Catareba, romelic 

iyo XX saukunis II naxevris erT-erTi uZlieresi eqimi-klinicisti, 

ara mgonia, xelSewyoba ar hqonoda laboratoriuli da in- 

strumenturi kvlevebisa, raTa gadaWriT daedgina `wniseli mumiis~ 

warmoSobisa da mdgomareobis, aseve sasuliero xarisxSi yofnis 

umniSvnelovanesi detalebi; maSin, rodesac sasuliero pirs unda 

hqonoda Catanebuli xelis jvari, dafarna, Semosili unda yofili- 

yo samRvdelo samosiT da a. S. risi kvalic arsad Cans! 

is, rom `mumia~ mamakacisaa, rom iyo daavadebuli an ecva Zvirfa- 

si `maRalxarisxovani wvrilbewva bambisagan damzadebuli momwvano 

yavisferi qsovili~ da dakrZaluli iyo eklesiis taZris siaxloves 

Tu galavanSi, srulebiT ar niSnavs imas, rom is iyo sasuliero piri 

da miT umetes wmindani. 

CvenTvis cnobilia wmindanTa gandidebis safuZvlebi da Sesabamisad 

maTi kanonizacia eklesiuri cnobierebiT yovelTvis moazrebu- 

li iyo, rogorc faqti eklesiaSi RmrTis siwmindis gamovlinebisa, 

romelic aq madliTSemosil moRvaweTa saSualebiT moqmedebs. amitom 

adamianTa wmindanebad Seracxva-gandidebas hqonda Tavisi um- 

Tavresi winapiroba, romelic yvela droSi (da dResac) ucvalebeli 

da gansazRvrulia. moRvawis kanonizacias an taZarSi dakrZalvis 

uflebas Semdegi niSnebi ganapirobebs: 

`1. eklesiis rwmena Sesaracxi moRvawis, rogorc RmrTis saTno- 

myofeli adamianis, amqveynad movlenili RmrTis Zis msaxurisa da wmida 

saxarebis mqadageblis siwmindeze (aseTi rwmenis safuZvelze gandiddnen 

Zveli aRTqmis mamebi, mamaTmTavrebi, winaswarmetyvelni, mociqulni). 

2. qristesTvis mowameobrivi sikvdili an tanjva qristes sarwmu- 

noebisaTvis (eklesiaSi amgvarad gandiddnen mowameni da aRmsarebelni). 

3. saswaulTqmedebani, romlebic aResrulebodnen wmindanTa 

locvis meSveobiT an maTi wmida nawilebis mier (Rirsni, mdumareni, 

mesveteni, mowameni, salosni da sxv.). 

4. umaRlesi saeklesio pirebi (svimeon Tesalonikelis mowmobiT,


187 

konstantinepolSi, mociqulTa did taZarSi Zveli droidan moyole- 

bulni, wmindanTa nawilebis msgavsad, saRmrTo RmrTismsaxurebis 

madlisaTvis mRvdelmTavarnic sakurTxevelSi ikrZalebodnen). 

5. eklesiisa da marTlmorwmune eris winaSe didi damsaxureba 

(mefeni, mTavarni, mociqulTa sworni, dedofalni). 

6. keTilzneobiTi, wmida da marTali cxovreba, romelic yov- 

elTvis ar iyo damowmebuli saswaulTqmedebebiT. 

7. patriarq neqtaris mowmobiT, XVII saukuneSi sami ram miiC- 

neoda moRvaweTa WeSmariti siwmindis mizezad: 

a) Seuorgulebeli marTlmadidebloba, b) yvela saTnoebis aRsruleba, 

rasac mosdevda sarwmunoebis gamo borotis mxridan wi- 

naaRmdegoba, wmindanis sisxlis daTxevamdec ki, da g) RmrTis mier 

zebunebrivi niSnebisa da saswaulebis gamovlineba. 

8. araiSviaTad, moRvawis wmindanobis damadasturebeli iyo xa- 

lxis Tayvaniscema, zogjer sicocxleSive gamovlenili. moRvawis 

sikvdilis Semdgom misi Tayvanismcemeli qristianebi adgendnen 

msaxurebas, tropar-kondaks, qmnidnen xats, aRwerdnen mis cxovrebas, 

moRvawis saflavze agebdnen samRvdelo ekvders. aseT Tayvanis- 

cemas safuZvlad edo erTgvari zebunebrivi Sewevna gansvenebuli 

moRvawis mxridan, Tumca saswaulTa Canawerebis ararsebobis SemTx- 

vevaSic ki eklesias SeeZlo (iSviaTad) moRvawis wmindanad Seracxva 

xalxisagan didi Tayvaniscemis safuZvelze~. 

wmindanad kanonizaciis sakiTxisTvis zogadi mniSvneloba eni- 

Weboda wminda nawilebs. `marTlmadidebluri eklesiis swavlebis 

Tanaxmad, siwmindes warmoadgendnen RmrTisgan gandidebuli moRvawis 

rogorc mTeli uxrwneli sxeuli, ise misi calkeuli nawilebi. 10 

moRvaweTa wmindanad kanonizebisaTvis yvela droSi aucilebel 

da umTavres safuZvels warmoadgenda: 

a) Sesaracxad wardgenilis cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis Seswavla 

(es aucilebelia rogorc calkeuli, ise jgufuri Seracxvis dros). 

b) macxovnebeli Rvawli, gancxadeba RmrTis siwmindisa da Tav- 

dadeba rwmenisadmi. 

amdenad, msoflio marTlmadidebeli eklesiis erT-erT funq- 

cias moRvaweTa wmindanebad kanonizacia Seadgens maTi cxovrebis, 

Rvawlisa da aRsasrulis gaTvaliswinebiT: `da maTTvis wmidavyof 

Tavsa Cemsa, raTa iginica iyvnen wmida WeSmaritebiT~ (in. 17,19), 

ùkueTu dasabami igi wmida ars, da Tbeca; da ukueTu Ziri igi wmida 

10 

`wmindanTa kanonizacia marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi~, moskovi, 1988 (ruseTis 

gaqristianebis 1000 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnili krebuli), gv. 93.


ars, da rtonica misni~ (rom. 11,16), `wmida sindisiT RmrTis mimarT 

siyvarulisa~ (I pet. 3,21) da sxv. 

Cvens saeqsporto daskvnas davubrundeT, romelSic `mumiis~ 

gauxrwnelobisa da `mumificirebis~ Sesaxeb aRniSnulia: `rogorc 

Cans, misi dasustebuli sxeulis mumificirebas SesaZloa erTgvarad 

xeli Seuwyo gamoqvabulSi arsebulma garemo pirobebma (niadagqveSa 

kalciumis Semcvelma wyalma, mudmivma temperaturam da sxv.), Tumca 

gamoricxuli rodia gvamis dabalzamebac~. 

amdenad, veranair kritikas ver uZlebs is, rom `mumia~ dRemde 

miwis zemoT ganisvenebs zarzmis taZarSi da mtkiceba imisa, rom es 

aris `wmindanis uxrwneli~ gvami. miTumetes maSin, rodesac arsebobs 

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmidesisa da uneta- 

resis ilia II-is ganCineba `micvalebulis sulis mosaxsenieblad~, 

sadac weria: `7. micvalebuli unda daikrZalos gardacvalebidan 

3-5 dRis ganmavlobaSi. 18. qristianis saflavi ar unda iyos mdi- 

druli. micvalebulis sulisaTvis ukeTesia, Tu Tanxa gaWirvebulebs 

daurigdebaT~, 11 sadac garkveviT da xazgasmiT aris miTiTebuli, micva- 

lebulis sulis mosaxsenieblad ra rogor jobia. aseve viciT, rom 

àr SeiZleba taZarSi micvalebulis erT dReze, metad gaCereba~. 12 

is, rom micvalebuli unda daikrZalos, amaze yvela normalu- 

rad da sarwmunoebrivad moazrovne adamiani vTanxmdebiT; is, rom 

`paleopaTologiuri, qimiuri da baqterologiuri Seswavlis~ 

Tu eqspertizisaTvis micvalebuli Tu `mumia~ fiziologiis da 

anatomiis institutebSi, an eqspertizis erovnul biuroSi unda 

`mkvidrobdes~ Tu `binadrobdes~, amazec vTanxmdebiT, magram rCeba 

erTi mniSvnelovani pasuxgaucemeli kiTxva: ra daaSava X saukunis 

wniselma micvalebulma (`mumiam~), romelsac dRemde ar Rirsebia 

miwa? ratom varRvevT RmrTis mcnebebs da ratom vamkvidrebT re- 

alobaSi CvenTvis sasurvel absurdul kanonebs? 

daskvnis saxiT vityviT, movida dro zarzmis monastris taZarSi, 

`sarkofagSi~ dasvenebuli `mumia~ daikrZalos qristianulad da am 

gaurkvevlobas erTxel da samudamod daesvas wertili; miT umetes 

veravin da veranairi dokumenti, kvleva, eqspertiza, ver da ar aRe- 

mateba saRmrTo sityvebs: `miwa xar da miwadca miiqce~ (Sesq. 3,19). 

imeds vitovebT, am weriliT dainteresdeba saqarTvelos eklesiis 

wmida sinodi da gamoscems ganCinebas aRniSnuli sakiTxis sab- 

olood gadasaWrelad ise, rogorc amas eklesiis swavleba moiTxovs. 

11 

gazeTi `madli~#16(58), 1992. 

12 

Православный обряд погребения, Благовесть, 2004. gv. 161.

Jurnali #6.indd

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