levan beburiSvili sindisis problema vaJa-fSavelas SemoqmedebaSi ...

levan beburiSvili 

sindisis problema vaJa-fSavelas SemoqmedebaSi 

vaJa-fSavela xelovanTa im kategorias ekuTvnis, romelTac Rrmad 

aqvT gacnobierebuli mxatvruli Semoqmedebis rogorc esTetikuri, 

aseve eTikuri Sinaarsi. vaJas mtkiced swams, rom literaturas didi 

zneobriv-emociuri zemoqmedebis Zala gaaCnia. swored amiT aris ganpirobebuli 

vaJa-fSavelas Semoqmedebis maRaleTikuri paTosi. 

samecniero literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom èTikuri mizandasaxuloba 

gansazRvravs sakiTxebis vaJaseul SerCevas, mis Tematikas, 

rog o rc ki mis TematikaSi CavRrmavdebiT, maSinve davrwmundebiT, 

rom eTikuria am Tematikis gansazRvris vaJaseuli gza da misi eTika 

araTu dgas epoqis moTxovnaTa doneze, aramed winac uswrebs mas... 

maRldeba masze.~ 1 

swored aqedan gamomdinareobs vaJa-fSavelas SemoqmedebiTi interesi 

sindisis fenomenis mimarT. gansxvavebulia sindisis gamovlenis 

formebi vaJas TxzulebebSi. sagangebod am sakiTxs poetma miuZ- 

Rvna leqsi `svindisis simRera~ (1886), poema `svinidisi~ (1913). sanam 

aRniSnuli problemisadmi vaJas mimarTebaze visaubrebdeT, mokled 

ganvixilavT, Tu ragvarad aris gaSinaarsebuli sindisis fenomeni 

filosofosTa da mecnierTa SromebSi. filosofiur leqsikonSi 

ganmartebulia, rom sindisi aris èTikuri kategoria, romelic 

gamoxatavs pirovnebis moraluri TviTkontrolis umaRles formas, 

misi TviTcnobierebis mxares... sindisi SeiZleba gamovlindes racionaluri 

formiT _ sakuTari moqmedebis mniSvnelobis gacnobiereba- 

Si, aseve emociur gancdaTa kompleqsSi~ (`sindisis qenjna~). 2 

jer kidev sokrate saubrobda im dauwereli kanonebis Sesaxeb, 

romlebic yvela adamianisaTvis saerToa. filosofosi Tvlida, 

1 g. kiknaZe, Txzulebani, t. V, Tb., 2009. gv. 99. 

2 filosofiuri leqsikoni, Tb., 1987, gv. 517.

18 levan beburiSvili 

rom es zneobrivi movaleobebi RmerTma daudgina adamianebs: ` _ 

dauwereli kanonebi Tu gagigia, Cemo hipia? _ hkiTxa sokratem; _ 

diax, es is kanonebia, romlebsac yvela qveyanaSi erTnairad aRiareben... 

_ Seni fiqriT, vin Seqmna es kanonebi? _ me mgoni, es kanonebi 

RmerTebma daudgines kacTa.~ 3 

aristotele sagangebod ar msjelobs sindisis Sesaxeb, magram saubrobs 

danaSauliT gamowveul sircxvilis grZnobaze, romelsac ganicdis 

zneobrivi adamiani. `sircxvilis grZnoba SeiZleba CagveTvala 

patiosnebis safuZvlad, Tu adamians Sercxveboda cudi movlenebisa.~ 4 

aristotele imasac aRniSnavs, rom `zrdili da Tavisufali adamiani 

ise iqceva, TiTqos kanoni TviT masSi iyos~ (iqve, gv. 103). 

sindisis fenomenis Sinagani sirTule aTqmevinebs mogvianebiT imanuel 

kants SesaniSnav sityvebs: òri ram avsebs suls marad axali, 

da miT ufro Zlieri gakvirvebiTa da mokrZalebiT, rac ufro xSirad 

da dabejiTebiT vazrovneb maTze; esenia: varskvlavebiT moWedili ca 

Cems zemoT da moraluri kanoni CemSi.~ 5 

Taviseburad iazrebs sindisis raobas hegeli. misi azriT, sindisi 

grZnobas ki ar warmoadgens, aramed `sikeTisaken mimarTul nebas, magram 

es sikeTe am Tavis wminda subieqturobaSi araobieqturia, arazogadia, 

gamouTqmadia, da subieqtma icis, rom mis Sesaxeb gadamwyveti TviTonaa.~ 6 

asea Tu ise, sindisis fenomeni mraval moazrovnes ubiZgebs Teistur 

Tvalsazrisze dadges. TviT arcTu Rrmad religiurad ganwyobili 

mecnierebic ki aRiareben, rom `religiuri warmodgena imisi 

Sesaxeb, rom adamianis gulSi mimdinareobs brZola RvTaebriv sawyissa 

da borot suls Soris, ufro metad WeSmaritebasTan axlos 

mdgomi Cans, vidre filosofiuri swavleba ucvlel movaleobebze.~ 7 

sainteresoa da mravalferovnad aris gaSinaarsebuli sindisis 

fenomeni qristian moRvaweTa da filosofosTa SromebSi. Tu mecnierebi 

sindiss TviTgansjis garkveuli saxis gamovlinebad miiCneven, 

qristiani moazrovneebi gacilebiT afarToeben am cnebis Sinaarss. 

Tavdapirvelad, sindisze sagangebod pavle mociquli saubrobs. 

igi axasiaTebs mas, rogorc `bunebiT sjuls~, bunebriv kanons, bo- 

Zebuls RvTisagan, romelic moqmedebs yovel adamianSi, miuxedavad 

misi religiuri aRmsareblobisa. `warmarTni, romelTac rjuli ar 

3 qsenofonti, mogonebebi sokrateze, sokrates apologia, Zv. berZnulidan Targmna 

ak. uruSaZem, Tb., 1973, gv. 135. 

4 aristotele, nikomaqes eTika, Zv. berZnulidan Targmna T. kukavam, Tb., 2003, gv. 104. 

5 И. Кант, Критика практического разума, CПб., 1897, стр. 191. 

6 hegeli, gonis filosofia, mTargmneli n. naTaZe, Tb., 1984, gv. 295. 

7 В. Вундт, Этика, CПб., 1887, отд. III, gv. 56. v. vundts am SemTxvevaSi, rogorc Cans, 

mxedvelobaSi aqvs i. kantis swavleba kategoriul imperativTa Sesaxeb.

sindisis problema vaJa-fSavelas SemoqmedebaSi 19 

gaaCniaT, bunebiT rjulismiers akeTeben, Tumca rjuli ara aqvT, TavianTi 

Tavis rjuli arian. isini aCveneben, rom rjulis saqme gulebSi 

uweriaT, amas mowmobs maTi sindisi da azrebi, xan rom brals 

sdeben erTimeores da xan amarTleben~ (rom. 2, 15-16). 

wm. ioane oqropiris naSromebSi gansakuTrebuli adgili ukavia 

ganxilvas sindisisas, rogorc RvTaebrivi sawyisisa adamianSi. ioane 

oqropiri sindiss ganixilavs ara mxolod rogorc zneobriv 

kanons, aramed, rogorc sulier orientirs, romelic gvexmareba 

sikeTisa da borotebis gansxvavebaSi: `RmerTma gviCvena Tavisi siyvaruli 

adamianis modgmisadmi imiT, rom yovel CvenganSi Canerga 

miukerZoebeli msajuli _ sindisi, romelic axdens mkacr gansxvavebas 

sikeTesa da borotebas Soris.~ 8 

wm. ioane oqropiris mixedviT, 

`saTnoebaTa codna Cadebulia adamianSi misi Seqmnis momentSi.~ 

es grZnoba samoTxeSive gaaCnda adams, rodesac man akrZaluli xili 

igema, mixvda, rom Sescoda da daemala ufals. am dros ar arsebobda 

sjuli da mcnebebi, magram sakuTari sindisisagan mxilebulma 

adamma gaacnobiera, rom ukeTuroba Caidina. oqropiri ekamaTeba 

warmarTebs, romelnic uaryofen bunebrivi kanonis arsebobas. maS, 

saidan daweres warmarTTa kanonmdeblebma kanonebi qorwinebis, mkvlelobis, 

sakuTrebis da sxv. Sesaxeb? _ kiTxvas svams oqropiri 

da pasuxobs: `mxolod da mxolod sakuTari sindisis gamoisobiT.~ 9 

aranakleb mniSvnelovania axali drois qristian filosofosTa 

Sexedulebebi sindisis Sesaxeb. nikolai berdiaevis moswrebuli TqmiT 

`sindisi RmerTis aRqmis organoa.~ sindisis meSveobiT amyarebs adamiani 

uSualo kavSirs RmerTTan. `sindisi adamianis bunebis is siRrmea, 

sadac is RmerTs exeba da codnas iRebs RmerTis Sesaxeb da esmis 

RmerTis xma.~ 10 

mecnierTa nawili miiCnevs, rom sindisi, iseve rogorc yovelgvari 

moraluri norma sazogadoebrivi warmoSobisaa da moklebulia er- 

Tian, mTlian xasiaTs. amis dasturad moaqvT is garemoeba, rom gansxvavebul 

xalxebs aqvT gansxvavebuli zneoba. ,,sindisi ucvleli ki ar 

rCeba, aramed iseve viTardeba da Tvisebrivad axal da axal moralur 

Sinaarss iZens, rogorc adamianis obieqturi sazogadoebrvi cxovreba, 

romelic, Tavis mxriv, ganisazRvreba sazogadoebis konkretulistoriuli 

ganviTarebiT.~ 11 

8 А. Лепорский, Учение св. Иоана Златоуста о совети / “Христианское Чтение”, №1, 

1898, gv. 99. 

9 iqve, gv. 92. 

10 Н. Бердяев,О Назначении Человека, М., 1993. gv. 153. 

11 eTika (saxelmZR.), universitetis gamomcemloba, Tb., 2001, gv. 252.


imis uaryofa SeuZlebelia, rom sazogadoebis sulier-inteleqtualur 

ganviTarebasTan erTad garkveulwilad icvleba sindisis 

grZnobac, magram aseve gaumarTlebelia sindisis miCneva mxolod am 

dialeqtikuri procesis produqtad. berdiaevis TqmiT, `sindisi sulieri, 

zebunebrivi sawyisia adamianSi, is socialuri warmoSobis ar 

aris. socialuri warmoSobisaa, sindisis Seryvna da damaxinjeba.~ 

amrigad, qristian moazrovneTa definiciiT, sindisi aris RvTaebrivi 

codna, `bunebiTi sjuli~, romelic ufalma uboZa adamianebs. 

sindisi mxolod TviTgansjis forma ki ar aris, aramed unari 

borotebis da sikeTis gansxvavebisa. aq aucileblad unda iTqvas, 

rom, rogorc sityva `sindisis~ etimologiuri analizi gviCvenebs, 

rig enebSi es sityva dakavSirebulia codnasTan, Sinagan cnobierebasTan 

(berZn.- συνείδησις, laT.: conscientia, ingl.: conscience, rus.: 

совеcтъ, germ.: Gewissen da a. S.). 

vaJa-fSavelas poemaSi `sindisi~ moqmedeba gaSlilia pir ve lad 

amianTa cxovrebis fonze. warmodgenilia bibliuri siuJetis avtoriseuli 

interpretacia. 

kaenma Suris niadagze mokla abeli. mas jer kidev Zmis sisxliT 

hqonda sveli xeli, rodesac 

` . . . daeca TavSi 

lodisa msgavsi / uCino arsi. 

Cavida gulSi, / CauZvra sulSi 

mTels mis arsebas / Caavlo brjRali.~ 

kaeni SeaZrwuna sindisis qenjniT gamowveulma tanjvam. sindisi 

mas jer kidev maSin amxelda, rodesac abelis mokvlis avi ganzraxva 

gauCnda gulSi (`maSinac es xma aborgvda, mwvrTvnida, abelis mokvla 

Zalian swyinda~), magram gansakuTrebiT maSin imZlavra, rodesac 

kaenis Tvalwin cxadad dadga misi qmedebis rezultati. imis magier, 

rom Zmis mkvlels yuri miegdo sindisis qenjnisaTvis da gaecnobierebina 

Tavisi danaSauli, man miznad daisaxa raime saSualebiT 

gaTavisuflebuliyo am tanjvisagan. uflis STagonebam ver Secvala 

kaenis guli. man daTrguna sakuTar sulSi `sindisis kvnesa~, ris 

gamoc RmerTma SeaCvena kaeni. 

vaJa-fSavela sxva qristian moazrovneTa darad sindiss RvTaebrivi 

warmoSobis fenomenad miiCnevs. poetis azriT, sindisi aris 

xma RvTisa adamianis arsebaSi, romelic gvexmareba sikeTisa da 

borotebis gasxvavebaSi: ufali mimarTavs kaens: 

`Cem magieri, xma cnobieri / mogec darajad, gegrZno ar avad, 

keTilis mrCevlad igi gyoloda, / Sen yuri gegdo misTvis mxoloda.~ 

magram zeciuri Segoneba nayofs ver gamoiRebs. kaeni ver ac-


nobierebs sinanulis aucileblobas. 

meore TavSi kaenis saxe qreba poemidan da poeti gvixatavs kacobriobis 

zneobrivi yofis zogad suraTs. vaJa-fSavelas kacobriobis 

mTeli istoria warmoudgeba sindisis grZnobis asparezad. iSviaTad 

ugdebda yurs xalxi sindisis xmas, rac amaRlebda mas sulierad 

da moralurad, ufro xSirad ki, adamianebi zurgs aqcevdnen mas 

da qvena instiqtebs misdevdnen, rasac mohyva is, rom `Cvens gulSi 

RmerTi movkaliT kacTa.~ vaJa gvixatavs sindisis yovlismomcvel 

Sinaarss: `xma es xalxs ebrZvis, sindiss _ xalxi, maszeda brunavs 

am soflis Carxi.~ 

poemis momdevno TavSi vaJa-fSavela mimarTavs sindisis personifikacias. 

mkiTxvelze did mxatvrul zemoqmedebas axdens 

`Tmagawewili, nacem-nagvemi~ sindisis poeturi xati. sindisi warmodgenilia 

maRal mTaze daCoqili mvedrebelis saxiT: 

àRar maqvs RmerTo, kacT Soris bina 

muxlmodrekili vdgevar Sen wina 

qveynad cxovreba mZuls, momewyina.~ 

sindisi Civis, rom misi yofa autanelia. adamianebi ugulebelyofen 

mas. maT sindisi gamoricxes TavianTi moqmedebidan, gamoagdes 

`Tavis wridan~, amitomac sindisi evedreba gamCens, rom moa- 

Soros codvil wuTisofels, radgan iq misi adgili aRar aris da 

veRar asrulebs RvTisagan dakisrebul movaleobas, rac gamoixateba 

adamianis zneobrivi srulyofisadmi miswrafebaSi. magram ufali 

yurs ar ugdebs sindisis godebas da ubrZanebs mas: 

àr SeiZleba, gibrZaneb kvalad, 

ganaspetako qveyana Zalad, 

daadeg Tavze amowvdil xmalad!~ 

amowvdili maxvilis simbolika gvxvdeba wminda werilSic. ìoanes 

gamocxadebaSi~ ieso qriste warmodgenilia TeTrtaiWosani mxedris 

saxiT, romlis piridanac gamodis `basri maxvili~, `romelic Semusravs 

erebs~ (gamc. 19, 15). egzegetikosTa ganmartebiT, es basri maxvili 

aris maxvili mxilebisa. safiqrebelia, rom swored am bibliur saxes 

emyareba vaJas mier sindisis warmodgena rogorc àmowvdili maxvilisa~, 

kacobriobis sulieri msajulis da mamxileblisa. 

zeciuri xma ubrZanebs sindiss, rom gaagrZelos adamianTa mxileba, 

radgan sindisis arsebobis gareSe adamianTa yofa warmoudgenelia: 

`rasa sTxoulob, eg viTar moxdes? unda msoflio moispos 

waxdes?~ sindisic iZulebulia daemorCilos uflis brZanebas da 

kvlav Seudges Tavisi RvTaebrivi daniSnulebis aRsrulebas. 

SedarebiT adrea dawerili leqsi `svindisis simRera~ (1886w.) ro-


melic Sinaarsobriv siaxloves avlens poema `svinidisTan.~ am leqs- 

Sic poeti sindisis gapirovnebas mimarTavs. nawarmoebSi daxatulia 

sindisis sulis SemZvreli godeba, adamianTa uzneobiT gamowveuli: 

àr vici saiT wavide, / vis vuTxra Cemi wvaleba, 

cecxlSi damwvari sindisi / netav vis Seebraleba? 

ra davaSave, ufalo, / rom kacs amkide bargada?..~ 

faqtobrivad, aRniSnul leqsSi, sqemis saxiTaa mocemuli is 

problema, romelic Semdeg mxatvrul gadawyvetas iRebs poema 

`svindisSi~. 

sindisis gamovlenis formebTan gvaqvs saqme vaJas poemebSi `gogo- 

Tur da afSina~ da èTeri~. gogoTuri saxelovani, znemaRali vaJkacia. 

misi antipodia afSina, romelic marTalia `faris marjved momxmarea~, 

magram avazakobas misdevs. TavzexelaRebuli afSina gogoTurs 

gadaeyara da iaraRis ayra daupira. gogoTurma Tavdapirvelad Tavi 

Seacoda da ase scda afSinas sulSi sindisi gaeRviZebina, magram misi 

gulis molboba ver SeZlo. amis Semdeg gogoTurma sxva gzas mimar- 

Ta; man Tavad afSinas ahyara iaraRi, Caayena igi im mdgomareobaSi, 

romelSic Tavad afSina agdebda adamianebs. gogoTuris saqcielma 

afSinaze udidesi zneobrivi zemoqmedeba moaxdina. man gaacnobiera 

Tavisi danaSaulis simZime da misi arseba sindisis qenjnam moicva: 

`_ megona Tavi, _ ambobda, _ / gautexeli burjia, 

exla sjobs saxCi vimalo, / Tavze davirtya gurCia.~ 

gogoTurma garegani zemoqmedebiT gaaRviZa sindisis xma afSinas 

sulSi. rogorc miuTiTeben, `gogoTurs imTaviTve sworad warmar- 

Tavs sindisis Sinagani xma, xolo afSinas, sindisis grZnobis gamosafxizeblad 

ki aucilebelia garegani iZuleba.~ 12 

magram isic unda 

iTqvas, rom miuxedavad iZulebisa, afSinas sulieri feriscvaleba 

mainc nebis Tavisuflebis pirobebSi ganxorcielda. TavisTavad cxadia, 

afSinas arsebaSi rom ar yofiliyo niadagi sindisis grZnobis 

gaRvivebisaTvis, gogoTuris saqcieli veraviTar Sedegs ver 

gamoiRebda, afSinas sulSi mTeli sisavsiT imZlavra miZinebulma 

sindisis xmam da avazakyofilis mTeli arseba Rrma sinanulma moicva: 

`mala da veRar damala / afSinam wyluli gulisa 

ar eTqva, aRar SeeZlo / vaJkacs mobrunva gulisa. 

cxeni, abjari sxvas miscna / gaxda erTguli rjulisa.~ 

afSinam miatova Tavisi saqmianoba da xevisberi gaxda. miuxedavad 

yvelafrisa, Rrma da gulwrfeli sinanulis gancda mis maradiul 

megzurad iqca: 

àmboben qviTini modis / Ram-Ram blos TaviT kacisa: 

12 d. wowkolauri, vaJa-favelas literaturul-Teoriuli naazrevi, Tb., 2008, gv. 141.


vah, mkvdaro vaJkacobao, / coxlad damarxvav Tavisa!~ 

vaJa-fSavelam TvalnaTliv gviCvena, rom xandaxan sindisis grZnobis 

gasaRviZeblad sulze garegani zemoqmedebaa aucilebeli. es 

ki mxolod im adamians xelewifeba, vinc Tavad cxovrobs sindisis 

grZnobis karnaxiT. vaJas aRniSnuli poema mxatvruli dadasturebaa 

Zveli berZnuli sibrZnisa: àramzadas, sindisi rom gauRviZo, sila 

unda gaawnao.~ 

vaJa-fSavelas poema èTerSi~ vxvdebiT `sinidis-namZinarev~ 

Seres, romelic boroti grZneulis daxmarebiT cdilobda eTeris 

xelSi Cagdebas. sulgayidulma Serem gamousworebeli Secdoma 

Caidina. misma mzakvrulma, magram daufiqrebelma saqcielma eTeris 

da goderZis sikvdili gamoiwvia. am Semzaravma movlenam Tvali auxila 

Seres da TiTqos gaacnobiera Tavisi saqcieli. sindisis qenjnam 

Sere lamis Wkuidan SeSala: 

èrT wels udabnos wavida, / sulis mogebas hlamobda, 

berebTan erTad hmarxulobs / imaTTan erTad hgalobda. 

miT Serem ver daisvena / mainc iseve wvalobda.~ 

Serem verafriT moaxerxa sulieri simSvidis mopoveba da bolos 

Tvalebis daTxra gadawyvita: `mosZagda sinaTlis sinjva, mosZagda 

yvelaferia.~ Seres magaliTze vaJam dagvanaxa, rom yvela SemTxvevaSi 

sindisis karnaxiT moqmedebaa saWiro, sxvagvarad, adamians gamousworebeli 

Secdomebis daSvebis safrTxe emuqreba. sindisiseuli gansja 

yovelTvis win uswrebs da swor mimarTulebas aZlevs adamianis zneobriv 

qcevas. amitomac saWiroa, sindisis xmas Tavidanve yuri mivugdoT, 

raTa bolos misma mtanjvelma qenjnam ar moicvas Cveni arseba. 

Seres sinanuli iudas msgavsi sinanulia, romelic TviTmospobisken 

aris mimarTuli. saxarebaSi gvxvdeba ori saxis sinanuli: 

petresi da iudasi. petrem samjer uaryo ufali, iudam ki gasca igi. 

miuxedavad amisa, petrem gulwrfeli sinanuli aCvena macxovars. 

gardamocema gvauwyebs, rom petre sikvdilis bolomde mwared 

inaniebda sakuTar saqciels da Tvalebi yovelTvis dawiTlebuli 

hqonda gamudmebuli tirilisagan. amitomac igema Sendobis sitkboeba. 

iudam ki ver gamoavlina sinanulis amgvari grZnoba, radgan 

uflisadmi mis msaxurebas safuZvlad ar edo siyvaruli. iudam ver 

itvirTa mtanjveli sindisis qenjna, ver aCvena gulwrfeli sinanuli 

da misgan gaTavisufleba TviTmkvlelobiT scada. afSinam petres 

msgavsi sinanuli gamoavlina. man itvirTa gamosyidva Tavisi 

Secodebisa, Serem ki sakuTari Tavis damaxinjebiT gadawyvita danaSaulis 

gabaTileba. igi ver mixvda, rom `msxverpli RmrTisa ars 

suli Semusrvili, guli Semusrvili da damdablebuli RmerTman


ara Seuracx-yos~ (fs. 50, 17). iudaseuli sinanulis gamovlinebas 

sxvaganac vxvdebiT vaJas SemoqmedebaSi. mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs poema 

,,baxtrioni.~ mxdalma wiwolam Tavi aarida brZolas, bolos ki 

sindisisagan mxilebulma da gondakargulma Tavi CamoixrCo. 

vaJa-fSavela aqtiurad adevnebda Tvals msoflioSi mimdinare 

kulturul procesebs. misi samwerlo moRvaweoba emTxveva dekadensis 

xanas. es aris froidizmisa da nicSeanelobis zeobis, sulier-inteleqtualuri 

da moraluri krizisis epoqa, rodesac vrceldeba nairgvari 

amoralisturi koncefciebi. swored amiT aris ganpirobebuli 

vaJa-fSavelas gansakuTrebuli interesi eTikuri problematikisadmi. 

am periodSi uaRresad popularulia fridrix nicSes 13 

filosofia. 

nicSem gamoacxada, rom `RmerTi mokvda da masTan erTad misi 

magineblebic.~ 14 

vaJa-fSavelas poema `svinidisSic~ vxvdebiT msgavs 

frazas: `Cvens gulSi RmerTi movkaliT kacTa.~ sainteresoa, Tu ra 

hqo ndaT mxedvelobaSi nicSesa da vaJas, rodesac am sityvebs ambobdnen. 

fridrix nicSe saubrobda ra `RmerTis sikvdilze,~ mxedveloba- 

Si swored is garemoeba hqonda, rom adamianTa gulSi mokvda RmerTi. 

gamoTqma ,,RmerTi mkvdaria~ _ gamoxatavs im siRrmiseul process, 

romelic xdeba nicSes Tanadrouli evropuli kacobriobis sulier 

cxovrebaSi, kerZod, Zveli, tradiciuli, umaRlesi Rirebulebebis 

13 vaJa-fSavelas nicSesadmi mimarTebis Sesaxeb saintereso cnobebia daculi mis 

TanamedroveTa mogonebebSi. Sio mRvimeli mogviTxrobs: ìm dros did modaSi iyo 

nicSe Tavisi `zekaciT~ da vaJa eubneboda SanSiaSvils: `xerxemalgamofituli 

evropeli filosofosi, Seni nicSe, Cveulebrivi nacarqeqiaa, azviadebs yvelafers, 

rac TviTon ar moepovebao~ (kr. ~vaJa-fSavela literaturisa da xelovnebis Sesaxeb~, 

Tb., 1967, gv. 283). s. SanSiaSvili wers: ìm dros, roca Cveni inteligenciis nawili 

gatacebuli iyo `nicSeanelobiT~, kerZo kamaTSi vaJa ise akritikebda nicSes, rom 

misgan natamalsac ar stovebda: `Rone gamoleuls, dawertils, ususur mewvrilmane 

vaWars enatreboda `zekaci~ zaratustra, xolo CvenSi cxvirmouxoceli mTieli da 

moxeve igive zaratustra aris, mxolod im gansxvavebiT, rom Cveni moxeve da mTieli 

ufro raindia, xolo nicSes zaratustra veragi, sisxlismsmeli, susti mqelavia. 

e.i. ar aris vaJkaci adamianio.~ (iqve, gv. 302). 

prof. i. evgeniZe wignSi `vaJa-fSavela~ wers: àm mogonebebSi daculi kamaTis 

araseriozuli toni saeWvos xdis, rom vaJas amgvari formiT moeces nicSes kritika. 

amasTan did xelovanTa kerZo saubris Sinaarsi ar SeiZleba yovelTvis pirdapiri 

gziT iqnes gagebuli~ (i. evgeniZe, vaJa-fSavela, Tb., 1989, gv. 391). 

Cvens pativcemul maswavlebels am SemTxvevaSi ver daveTanxmebiT. upirveles 

yovlisa, eWvs ver SevitanT TviT am mogonebaTa WeSmaritebaSi, radgan Sio mRvimeli 

vaJas erT-erTi uaxloesi megobari gaxldaT. meorec, aRniSnul mogonebebSi vaJas 

mier nicSes Sefaseba leqsikur-frazeologiuradac ki emTxveva erTmaneTs da rac 

yvelaze mTavaria: vaJa-fSavelas ar sCveoda yalbi delikaturoba, rodesac saqme 

mankierebis mxilebas Seexeboda. vaJas xasiaTis erTi ZiriTadi Tviseba pirdapiroba 

gaxldaT, amitomac savsebiT mosalodnelia, aseTi sityvebiT daexasiaTebina nicSes 

imoralisturi moZRvreba. 

14 f. nicSe, ese ityoda zaratustra, Tb., 1993, gv. 250.


gaufasurebas. RmerTis sikvdili niSnavs imas, rom tradiciulma 

qristianulma Rirebulebebma, idealur, imqveyniur, maradiul RirebulebaTa 

samyarom, romelic myar orientirebs aZlevda adamians, 

dahkarga Tavisi Zala.~ 15 

vaJa-fSavelac daaxloebiT amas gulisxmobda, roca werda, rom 

,,Cvens gulSi RmerTi movkaliT kacTa.~ poeti amiT mianiSnebda misi 

Tanamedrove sazogadoebis moralur krizisze, zneobriv gadagvarebaze. 

gansxvavebulia vaJaseuli da nicSes gzebi, romliTac isini 

moiazreben am krizisis daZlevas. 

nicSes mixedviT, imis gaazrebas, rom ,,RmerTi mkvdaria,~ rom gauqmda 

tradiciuli moraluri imperativebi, mosdevs didi sasowarkve- 

Ta, nihilizmi. magram es mdgomareoba unda daiZlios. aucilebelia, 

asparezze gamovides adamianis axali, umaRlesi tipi – ,,zekaci,~ romelic 

zurgs Seaqcevs tradiciul Rirebulebebs da Seqmnis sakuTar, 

axal moralur kodeqss. amis aucilebeli winapirobaa sindisisagan, 

rogorc damaxinjebuli moraluri TviTcnobierebisagan, gaTavisufleba. 

nicSe amgvarad gansazRvravs sindisis raobas: ,,Cveni sindisis 

Sinaarss Seadgens yvelaferi is, rasac Cveni bavSvobis xanaSi gamudmebiT, 

yovelgvari axsna-ganmartebis gareSe moiTxovdnen Cvengan adamianebi... 

sindisis saxiT CvenSi iRviZebs is grZnoba movaleobisa, romelic 

ar kiTxulobs, Tu ratom unda moviqce ase... rwmena avtoritetebisadmi 

aris wyaro sindisisa, aqedan gamomdinare, is gvevlineba ara xmad umaRlesi 

samarTlianobisa adamianis sulSi, aramed erTi adamianis gamoZaxilad 

meore adamianSi.~ 16 

nicSe imasac dasZens, rom ,,sindisis qenjna 

iseTive sisulelea, rogorc ZaRlis mier qvis RrRna.~ 17 

sruliad gansxvavebulia vaJa-fSavelas xedva. did poets am sulier-moraluri 

krizisidan erTaderT gamosaval gzad RvTaebriv 

pirvelsawyisTan dabruneba miaCnia. adamianebma mTeli gulisyuriT 

unda mousminon sindisis xmas, romelic aris pirovnebis Sinagani 

TviTsrulyofis mamoZravebeli. vaJas miaCnia, rom sindisis, zneobrivi 

kanonebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebelia adamianTa 

sazogadoebis arseboba. xalxebis sulieri degradacia ki qmnis 

safuZvels dedamiwaze boroti Zalis gabatonebisaTvis: 

,,jojoxeTada iqca mTa-bari / dasangrevada igi mzad ari, 

qvesknelidana ismis xarxari, / ise Zlieri, ise magari 

Weqa-quxili masTan ra ari? / ra geslianad viRac xarxarebs! 

15 T. buaCiZe, fridrix nicSe da misi ,,ese ityoda zaratustra~ / wignSi: f. nicSe, ese 

ityoda zaratustra, Tb., 1993, gv. 250. 

16 Ф. Ницще, Переоценка всего ценного, Собр. соч., Т. V, gv. 221. 

17 iqve, gv. 213.


TviT dedamiwa misgan zanzarebs!~ 

vaJa-fSavela mxatvrul planSi asaxierebs uaRresad mwvave eTikur 

problemebs. misi nawarmoebebi aris Taviseburi gamoZaxili XIX-XX 

saukuneTa mijnaze warmoSobili eTikur-esTetikuri krizisisa. poetis 

fiqri gamudmebiT dastrialebs Tavs zogadsakacobrio satkivars. maradiul 

RirebulebebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis swori mxatvruli 

gadawyvetaa swored ZiriTadi mizezi vaJas Semoqmedebis zedroulobisa. 

misi poezia yvela epoqaSi aqtualuri iqneba, vidre aRsasrulamde 

ama soflisa.

levan beburiSvili sindisis problema vaJa-fSavelas SemoqmedebaSi ...

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