Untitled - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

More documents

Recommendations

Info

A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro in progress, we measured the alignment of a statistically signicant sample of dolmens in the upper Wadi Zarqa valley (Polcaro, Polcaro 2006). The number of dolmens aligned in angular bins of 8° was then computed in order to increase the statistics. The results were rst checked versus the hypothesis of isotropic distribution in azimuth and, when a statistically signicant peak was found, it was best-tted by using Gaussians, in order to evaluate the hypothesis of a random distribution around a xed direction. In this way we measured and analyzed the alignments of a random sample of 44 dolmens (6.7% of the total and thus statistically signicant) in the dolmen eld of Jebel Mutawwaq, an Early Bronze Ia site, excavated and described by Fernández-Tresguerres (1998), and a total of 29 other dolmens from four minor dolmen elds in the upper Wadi Zarqa valley (where we measured all the surviving dolmens). Our survey shows, with a very high statistical signicance, that dolmens from the Jebel Mutawwaq eld are predominantly oriented in the meridian direction: 24 of them (54,5%) are oriented between 168° and 192°. A smaller, but still signicant number (6) seems to cluster around the alignment of 152° (Fig. 2); this excess is best tted by the sum of two Gaussian, one centered on South and the second to 152°. This model has a statistical probability, evaluated by means of the reduced χ 2 test, equal to 94%. The standard deviation of both Gaussian is of 6,5°, corresponding to a random error of the alignment of ±3,25°, most probably due to the precision achieved during the building of the dolmens. The distribution of the whole sample of dolmens we measured in the elds of the Zarqa valley can be tted by the same model (with a statistical signicance of 5,4 σ respect to the isotropic distribution) and its statistical probability, evaluated by means of the reduced χ 2 test is equal to 99%. A comparison with the results of the Belmonte (1997) survey of the dolmens of the Ala Safat eld, used as comparison sample, conrmed the model. Archaeological considerations lead us to conclude that these orientations were linked to the complex funerary customs of the local semi-nomadic people, who inhabited Palestine between the end of the 4 th millennium and the beginning of the 3 rd millennium BC. The related rituals were most probably performed during festivals dedicated to the god Dumuzi, identied with the Orion constellation, which coincide with the winter solstice. Actually, the 152° azimuth corresponds to the direction of the Orion constellation when the shape of the man seen in it appears to “stand up”, i.e. he is in a vertical position (Fig. 3). The Mesopotamian god Dumuzi is considered by ancient Near East scholars to be a “western” god, i.e. the myth came to Sumeria from the West (Botero, Lavander Flagan 2004). It is thus probable that he was venerated by the shepherds of the Jordan valley and of the nearby regions. This conclusion, reached mainly on the basis of statistical considerations, could be considered only speculative. On the other hand, it is supported 238
Man and sky: problems and methods of Archaeoastronomy Fig. 2 – Orientations distribution of a statistically signicant sample of dolmens from the Jebel Mutawwaq site. Fig. 3 – Reconstruction of the sky over the Wadi Zarqa at the winter solstice of 3000 BC (by using PlanetarioV2.0). 239
Page 2 and 3:
ARCHEOLOGIA E CALCOLATORI CNR - Dip
Page 4 and 5:
Volume edito in collaborazione con
Page 6 and 7:
A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro, Man and s
Page 8 and 9:
La naissance de l’informatique en
Page 10 and 11:
Ai problemi dei rapporti tra archeo
Page 12 and 13:
E. Vesentini Ma, al di là di quest
Page 14 and 15:
E. Vesentini 3. La Scuola Normale S
Page 17 and 18:
Archeologia e Calcolatori 20, 2009,
Page 19 and 20:
Informatica archeologica e non arch
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
From anarchy to good practice: the
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35:
Page 38 and 39:
D. Kurtz Fig. 2 - The Beazley Archi
Page 40 and 41:
D. Kurtz Fig. 4 - The Ioannou Schoo
Page 42 and 43:
D. Kurtz Fig. 6 - The Beazley Archi
Page 44 and 45:
D. Kurtz Fig. 8 - http: // www.cvao
Page 46 and 47:
D. Kurtz In the summer of 2008 we b
Page 48 and 49:
P. Sommella che promosse, sotto l
Page 50 and 51:
P. Sommella v’è oggi risposta vi
Page 52 and 53:
P. Sommella ricerca per anni relega
Page 54 and 55:
P. Sommella Ovviamente ciò che è
Page 56 and 57:
P. Sommella teso in rete all’ediz
Page 58 and 59:
P. Sommella Consalvi F. 2009, Il Ce
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
The golden years for mathematics an
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73:
Page 76 and 77:
G. Lock computer programs the more
Page 78 and 79:
G. Lock The importance of models ha
Page 80 and 81:
G. Lock of technological determinis
Page 82 and 83:
G. Lock it is possible to link peop
Page 84 and 85:
G. Lock Lock G., Stančič Z. (eds.
Page 86 and 87:
G. Semeraro 2. Gestione dei dati di
Page 88 and 89:
G. Semeraro 3. GIS e dinamiche inse
Page 90 and 91:
G. Semeraro lmati è stato realizza
Page 92 and 93:
G. Semeraro Fig. 3 - Gli attori “
Page 94 and 95:
G. Semeraro D’Andria F. (ed.) 199
Page 96 and 97:
J.A. Barceló man acts are not divi
Page 98 and 99:
J.A. Barceló the search for hypoth
Page 100 and 101:
J.A. Barceló The rst synthetic mod
Page 102 and 103:
J.A. Barceló data within the conse
Page 104 and 105:
J.A. Barceló well-dened operators
Page 106 and 107:
J.A. Barceló 6. Conclusions The fa
Page 108 and 109:
J.A. Barceló Gardin J.-C. 1994, In
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Representing knowledge in archaeolo
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Museo Virtuale dell’Informatica:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
«Archeologia e Calcolatori»: le r
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Provando e riprovando: un quarto di
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Punto di non-ritorno (Cartograa num
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177:
Page 180 and 181:
A. Caravale Documents, con la ricch
Page 182 and 183:
A. Caravale e si sono occupati di t
Page 184 and 185:
A. Caravale ritage 12 . Finalizzato
Page 186 and 187:
A. Caravale Barocchi P., Fileti Maz
Page 189 and 190: Archeologia e Calcolatori 20, 2009,
Page 191 and 192: Da Te.m.p.l.a. al Centro di Ricerca
Page 207 and 208: From artefact typologies to cultura
Page 221: From artefact typologies to cultura
Page 224 and 225: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro gist, who
Page 226 and 227: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro “Megalit
Page 228 and 229: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro the North
Page 230 and 231: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro 4.1 Positi
Page 232 and 233: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro the Moon p
Page 234 and 235: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro spani 2006
Page 236 and 237: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro Fig. 1 - T
Page 240 and 241: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro by the ana
Page 242 and 243: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro however, o
Page 244 and 245: A. Polcaro, V.F. Polcaro Judge W.J.
Page 249 and 250: Digitization as a science process o
Page 251 and 252: Digitization as a science world and
Page 253 and 254: Digitization as a science fact lays
Page 255 and 256: Digitization as a science we can gi
Page 257 and 258: Digitization as a science libraries
Page 259: Digitization as a science ABSTRACT
Page 262 and 263: K.A. Niknami, A.C. Amirkhiz, F.F. J
Page 278 and 279: S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher Fig. 1 - Loc
Page 280 and 281: S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher identify pat
Page 282 and 283: S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher The WofE mod
Page 284 and 285: S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher Fig. 2 - Pre
Page 286 and 287: S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher Perhaps the
Page 288 and 289:
S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher is directed
Page 290 and 291:
S.J. Kay, R.E. Witcher Wheatley D.,
Page 292 and 293:
A. Casarotto, A. De Guio, F. Ferrar
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Un modello GIS multicriterio Area d
Page 313 and 314:
Un modello GIS multicriterio ne di
Page 315 and 316:
Un modello GIS multicriterio dover
Page 317 and 318:
Un modello GIS multicriterio territ
Page 319 and 320:
Un modello GIS multicriterio 5.4 I
Page 321 and 322:
Fig. 4 - Siti noti e aree di interv
Page 323 and 324:
Un modello GIS multicriterio Per l
Page 325 and 326:
Un modello GIS multicriterio Saaty
Page 327 and 328:
X 5 (pendenza) X 6 (esposizione) X
Page 329:
Un modello GIS multicriterio Buonoc
Page 332 and 333:
G. Bigliardi la programmazione dei
Page 334 and 335:
G. Bigliardi livelli è, inoltre, p
Page 336 and 337:
G. Bigliardi Fig. 3 - Particolare d
Page 338 and 339:
G. Bigliardi Fig. 4 - Particolare d
Page 340 and 341:
G. Bigliardi connessa esclusivament
Page 342 and 343:
G. Bigliardi centuriale certo o ipo
Page 344 and 345:
G. Bigliardi (un canale moderno e u
Page 346 and 347:
G. Bigliardi Fig. 8 - Carta della P
Page 348 and 349:
G. Bigliardi fornaci. Successivamen
Page 350 and 351:
G. Bigliardi Clack P., Hazelgrove S
Page 352 and 353:
M. Frassine, A. Bezzi, M. Fabris, V
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
Page 358 and 359:
Page 360 and 361:
Page 362 and 363:
Page 364 and 365:
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
N. Lombardo Per le oggettive difcol
Page 376 and 377:
N. Lombardo Discesi i due gradini c
Page 378 and 379:
N. Lombardo Fig. 3 - Interno dell
Page 380 and 381:
N. Lombardo Fig. 4 - Interno del te
Page 382 and 383:
N. Lombardo Fig. 6 - La scheda di i
Page 384 and 385:
N. Lombardo Certamente, a giudicare
Page 386 and 387:
N. Lombardo biamo rivestito le pare
Page 388 and 389:
N. Lombardo Fig. 11 - Cortile-pales
Page 390 and 391:
N. Lombardo Fig. 13 - Facciata del
Page 392 and 393:
N. Lombardo Fig. 14 - Interno del n
Page 394 and 395:
N. Lombardo e occidentale del ninfe
Page 396 and 397:
N. Lombardo BIBLIOGRAFIA Borra D. 2
Page 398 and 399:
L. Palmieri 2. “Progetto Calvaton
Page 400 and 401:
L. Palmieri dedica agli imperatori
Page 402 and 403:
L. Palmieri ricerche nell’area de
Page 404 and 405:
L. Palmieri due complessi residenzi
Page 406 and 407:
L. Palmieri graca attraverso lingua
Page 408 and 409:
L. Palmieri presente nei contesti d
Page 410 and 411:
L. Palmieri che compare al passaggi
Page 412 and 413:
L. Palmieri “Labirinto”, colloc
Page 414 and 415:
L. Palmieri Fig. 7 - Esempio di gal
Page 416 and 417:
L. Palmieri L’archivio contenente
Page 418 and 419:
L. Palmieri Lorenzi J. 1996, Il ter
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Recensioni stato sviluppato dal Lab
Page 425 and 426:
Recensioni Inne, notevole è l’at
Page 427:
Recensioni portano alla realizzazio
show all

Untitled - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?