In Fonderia 3 2023

IN PRIMO PIANO
loro destinazione d’uso che non prevede il trasporto
di persone o cose, bensì la lavorazione e
la movimentazione del terreno.
Il mercato italiano dei getti non ferrosi, a differenza
di quello tedesco, non è completamente
dipendente dall’industria dei mezzi di trasporto,
meglio espressa con il termine “automotive”.
Nell’ultimo decennio, il peso di tale comparto
sulla produzione complessiva dei getti non ferrosi
oscilla tra il 51% e il 58% (56% nel 2022),
mentre le percentuali si alzano sensibilmente,
anche oltre il 70%, nel caso specifico delle leghe
di alluminio.
Nel 2022 a tale settore sono state destinate
quasi 460.000 tonnellate, sostanzialmente in
linea con i risultati acquisiti nel 2021, ma l’8% in
meno rispetto al 2018.
Nell’ultimo decennio i volumi sono cresciuti fino
a raggiungere il livello record del 2018, in cui
sono state sfiorate le 500.000 tonnellate di
produzione, ma dal 2019 hanno ricominciato a
scendere. Il tasso medio di crescita annua del
periodo 2013-2022 è stato dell’1%.
L’edilizia rappresenta il secondo mercato di riferimento
della fonderia italiana di getti non
ferrosi. Le componenti non ferrose destinate
a tale settore nel 2022 hanno rappresentato
il 16% della produzione, per un volume pari a
circa 131.000 tonnellate, in flessione del -5.6%
rispetto al 2021.
Mercati di destinazione getti non ferrosi
Peso % su dati in volume – Anno 2022
Target markets for non-ferrous castings
volume data by % – 2022
Fonte: Elaborazioni Centro Studi Assofond su dati Assofond, ISTAT.
Source: Assofond Study Centre analysis of Assofond, ISTAT data.
duced quantities for the Italian market. Probably
for this sector, even today, there are still difficult
obstacles to be overcome, both technical and related
to production criticalities due to the flammability
of the product in certain conditions.
Lastly, and still in the field of non-ferrous castings,
there was still an excellent growth in micro-castings
in cobalt and nickel alloys.
In the area of technologies adopted for the production
of non-ferrous castings, diecasting took
the top spot (77% of the total). With this type of
casting,around 632,000 tonnes of non-ferrous
castings (+5.6% compared with 2021) were produced
in 2022 in various alloys: around 519,000
tonnes of aluminium and alloys, 3,000 tonnes of
magnesium, 88,000 tonnes of zinc and 22,000
tonnes of copper alloys.
Of the most common types of casting, after diecasting,
second place is taken by gravity die-casting
in shells and low pressure, with a share of 21%.
Overall, production in 2022 stopped at 173,000
tonnes, a decrease of -10.6% on 2021. The most
conspicuous drop was recorded in diecasting in
shells (-11.7%), while low pressure technology held
up better, managing to stem the drop to below
-4% on 2021.
Finally, the remaining 2% of total production of
non-ferrous castings of around 16,000 tonnes
(+11.5% compared with 2021) was produced by
sand casting, a production technology which in
2022 reported the biggest drop.
TARGET MARKETS
The five traditional industrial sectors remain the
main markets that feed the demand for non-ferrous
castings and are grouped into as many statistical
macro-categories:
• Mechanical engineering
• Transport
• Construction
• Electrical engineering
• Durable goods
It should be noted that the term “transport” includes
castings intended for the automotive,
components, motorcycle, bus...other motor vehicles
used for the transport of persons and goods
segment; while for the mechanical engineering
category, in addition to general mechanical engineering,
tools, etc., earth-moving machinery and
agricultural machinery are classified according
to their intended use, which does not include the
transport of persons or goods, but rather working
and moving soil.
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In Fonderia