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Samisk mytologi og folkemedisin

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gni». Isaac Olsen namaha maiddái snoallagácci<br />

«snola-gadse», mii lei deaŧalaš s<strong>og</strong>a<br />

joatkimii.<br />

Go noaidi gohččojuvvui veahkehit omd.<br />

muhtuma gii lei buohccán, de son gohčui<br />

su noaidelotti viežžat noaidegácci veahkkin<br />

dajadettiin: Heahti dal gohčču du<br />

mátkái! Go buohkat ledje čoahkkanan,<br />

sihke oainnus ja oaidnemeahttun veahkit,<br />

de noaidi válddii eret gahpira oaivvis, ložžii<br />

boahkána ja vuoddagiid, bijai goapmiriid<br />

čalmmiid ovdii, gopmirdii ja dadjalii:<br />

Válmmaštit hearggi! Sáhčalit vatnas! Ovdal<br />

go čákŋalii «Ziammelli» nuppi máilbmái<br />

dahje áibmui, de son jugistii ruhpaliepmačázi<br />

(«»Rupliimzias») dahje buolleviinni.<br />

De son juoiggadii gievvundilis, ja<br />

«luođuidsiellun» galggai de gálgat mohkis<br />

omd. Jábmiidáimmus dahje Sáivvus, gč.<br />

maŋŋelis. Dan botta go son lei dan dilis, de<br />

galggaiga šárat­guovttos juoigat ja humadit<br />

dán manaheami «Monatæbme», nu go<br />

dat gohčoduvvui, dassái go noaidi morránii.<br />

De noaidi dakkavieđe juoigagođii ja<br />

mii gohčoduvvui vuollecoapmin («vuolet<br />

zaabme»), mii lei giittus nissonguoktái ja<br />

gudnejahtii sudno dáinna juigosiin man lei<br />

oahppan noaidegáccis ja snoallagáccis. Isaac<br />

Olsen čállá ahte snoallandajahusat ledje jo nu<br />

fasttit ahte ii beana ge livčče storrán guldalit<br />

jos livččii ádden daid mat daddjojedje.<br />

Dan maŋŋá šárat-guovttos juoigagođiiga<br />

jitnosit. Go dat ja eará vel ledje dahkkon,<br />

de noaidi rávvii addit oaffariid ipmiliidda.<br />

Maiddái noaidi galggai oažžut bálkkašumi,<br />

mii gohčoduvvui vearrun.<br />

Nu go ovdalis namahuvvon, de sáhtii noaidi<br />

bidjat baháid dahje bijagiid earáid ala,<br />

geaid navddii vašálažžan. Son gohčoduvvui<br />

boranoaidin. Su veahkkin lei ee. erenoamáš<br />

loddi – vuohku – ja bajábeal namahuvvon<br />

gearpmaš maid sáhtii geavahit roasm-<br />

26<br />

ner kaltes šárat 1 (av šárrat, som i dag betyr<br />

å gi småskramlende lyd). Den mannlige<br />

hjelperen ble kalt mearrooaivi. 16<br />

Den usynlige forsamling, som bare noaidien<br />

så, var árja (energi) <strong>og</strong> to kvinnelige<br />

hjelpere, kalt ruđot 17 (som gir jammerlåt).<br />

Dessuten den nevnte noaidegázzi (lenger<br />

sør kalt sáiv<strong>og</strong>ázzi). Noaidegázzi kunne oppfattes<br />

som avdøde slektninger eller noaidier,<br />

som bodde i Sáivu/Bassevárri (samenes<br />

«paradis», se nedenfor) <strong>og</strong> som man<br />

trodde kunne være til hjelp når siidafolket<br />

var i nød. For å få kontakt med dem i Sáivu<br />

hadde noaidien til rådighet disse usynlige<br />

hjelpere: den nevnte fugl – noaideloddi,<br />

en fisk – noaideguolli eller en reinbukk<br />

– noaidesarvvis (lenger sør kalt sáivoloddi,<br />

sáiv<strong>og</strong>uolli <strong>og</strong> sáivosarvvis). I tillegg nevnes<br />

en orm: gearpmaš «guarms». Disse ble<br />

med en fellesbetegnelse <strong>og</strong>så kalt noaiddesvuoigŋa<br />

1 , noaidiånder.<br />

Olsen nevner i tillegg snoallagázzi 1 som<br />

hadde ansvaret for sameslektens forplanting<br />

<strong>og</strong> seksualitet. (I dag betyr snoallan kunsten<br />

å kunne uttrykke seg i erotiske vendinger<br />

uten at det oppfattes støtende.)<br />

Når alle var samlet, tok noaidien av seg<br />

lua, løste beltet – boagán – <strong>og</strong> skobåndene<br />

– vuoddagat –, la hånden for ansiktet, bøyde<br />

kroppen fram <strong>og</strong> tilbake <strong>og</strong> sa: Válmmaštit<br />

hearggi! Sáhčalit vatnas! (Gjør i stand kjørereinen!<br />

Skyv hurtig båten ut!). 20 Før han falt<br />

i transe, drakk han ruhpaliepmačáhci 21 ,<br />

vann blandet med bunnfall av tran, eller<br />

brennevin.<br />

Så «runer» han seg inn i dvalen, som<br />

betyr at han dukker ned i den «usynlige»<br />

5 Shjarak, Leem s. 476.<br />

6 Mærro-Oaaive, ibidem.<br />

7 Aarja, Rudok, ibidem.<br />

8 Noides-Woeigni, Skanke s. 9 .<br />

9 snola-gadse, Olsen s. 46.<br />

20 Valmashftet Hærge, Satzhjalet Vaanas; Leem s. 477.<br />

2 Rupliimzias, Olsen s. 2 .<br />

a man and a young woman. The women<br />

were beautifully dressed in holiday attire<br />

and with linen hats on their heads (the hats<br />

were of linen because people believed that<br />

linen had magical powers), but without a<br />

belt about their waists. These women were<br />

called šárat – “Shjarak” (from šárrat, which<br />

today means to make low rumbling sounds).<br />

The male helper was called mearrooaivi<br />

– “Mærro-Oaaive”.<br />

The invisible assembly, which only the<br />

noaidi saw, was árja – “Aarja” (energy) and<br />

two female helpers, called ruđot – “Rudok”<br />

(who makes moaning sounds), as well as the<br />

mentioned noaidegázzi (further south called<br />

sáiv<strong>og</strong>ázzi). Noaidegázzi could be perceived<br />

as deceased relatives or noaidi who lived<br />

in Sáivu/Bassevárri (the Samis’ “paradise”,<br />

see below), and who it was believed could<br />

help when the siida people were in distress.<br />

To get in touch with them in Sáivu, the<br />

noaidi had these invisible helpers at his<br />

disposal: the mentioned bird – noaideloddi,<br />

a fish – noaideguolli, or a reindeer buck<br />

– noaidesarvvis (further south called<br />

sáivoloddi, sáiv<strong>og</strong>uolli and sáivosarvvis).<br />

In addition, a snake is mentioned: gearpmaš<br />

– “guarms”. These were also collectively<br />

called noaiddesvuoigŋa – “Noides-Woeigni”,<br />

noaidi spirits.<br />

Olsen also mentions snoallagázzi –<br />

“snola-gadse” – who had responsibility for<br />

the Sami family’s propagation and sexuality.<br />

(Today, snoallan means the art of being able<br />

to express oneself in erotic figures of speech<br />

without having it perceived as offensive.)<br />

As soon as everyone had gathered<br />

t<strong>og</strong>ether, the noaidi took off his hat, loosened<br />

his belt – boagán – and his shoe ties<br />

– vuoddagat, put his hand in front of his<br />

face, bent his body back and forth and<br />

said: Válmmaštit hearggi! Sáhčalit vatnas!<br />

– (Ready the draught reindeer! Push the boat<br />

out quickly!). Before falling into a trance, he<br />

drank ruhpaliepmačáhci – “Rupliimzias”,

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