209 CUPRINS

The paper provides an analysis of the impact of the introduction of scienti c achievements
in vegetable growing. The complexity and diversity of the situation in agricultural production
shows that the development of technologies of vegetable crop cultivation should be conducted
in the direction of greater differentiation followed by adaptation to the speci c conditions of
each eld. Nonstandard issues in the whole industrial situation complicate the decision making
process without additional information that can be found in the operational mode only in the
presence of process control systems and the development of technological solutions based on a
comprehensive analysis of the knowledge and data collected and systematized scienti cally.
10 references
UDC: 581.1.03:581.14
THE CONTRIBUTUION OF PEROXIDASE ENZYMES IN THE
ANTIOXIDATIVE PROTECTION OF PLANTS IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS.
Ştefîrţă Anastasia,, Aluchi N., Melenciuc M., Buceaceaia Svetlana. //Buletinul Academiei de
Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele Vieţii. 2011, No 1 (313), p. 51-62.
The premises of the peroxidase enzyme involvement in the induction of antioxidative
protective mechanisms in the leaves of Zea mays plants with different resistance potential have
been studied. Tissue dehydration, caused by water scarcity, has been demonstrated to induce
changes in the balance of the antioxidant enzyme activity disturbing the activity rate between
SOD and CAT, SOD and PX. The SOD, CAT, and APX activity rate decreases, while the phenol,
guaiacol and glutathione speci c peroxidase activity increases. Drought intensi cation in time
results in a signi cant reduction of the magnitude and speed of protective antioxidative enzyme
activation. Drought tolerant plants, due to their water homeostatic capacity to maintain tissue
hydration, are less affected by ROS and, consequently, the degree of the enzyme peroxidase
activation is lower.
24 references, 1 table, 5 gures
UDC: 633.8:631.527
QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS, CONTENT, AND CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF NEW OCIMUM BASILICUM
L. GENOTYPES. Gonceariuc Maria, Balmuş Zinaida, Gille Elvira, Spac A., Ganea
A., Botnarenco P. //Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele Vieţii. 2011,
No 1 (313), p. 62-72.
Quantitative characters, content and chemical composition of essential oil have been studied
in eight Ocimum basilicum genotypes of hybrid origin that differ in the color of leaves and
owers. The values of the quantitative characters vary considerably depending on the genotype
and growing conditions, but no correlation has been established between the characters and the
color of leaves and owers. The content of essential oil ranges between 0.403% and 1.405%
(dry matter). The value of essential oil content is high (1.168-1.405%) in most genotypes
with red owers. Gas-chromatographic analysis showed considerable differences in chemical
composition of essential oil, concentration of each component in relation to the genotype.
The number of the components identi ed ranges from 30 to 52 and does not correlate with
the quantitative characters and the color of leaves and owers. The concentration of the main
components in the essential oil varies as follows: citral is the major component (47.16-62.29%)
in two genotypes; linalool is the major component (36.93-50.85%) in six genotypes. The
second signi cant for the concentration component is linalool (10.85%) in one genotype, citral
(12.59%) in another genotype, and methylchavicol (9.97-24.34%) in the other three genotypes.
The Ocimum basilicum genotypes under study can be divided into ve chemotypes for the
major components in the essential oil: 1-citral/linalool; 2-citral; 3-linalool; 4-linalool/citral;
5-linalool/methylchavicol genotypes.
24 references, 4 tables, 8 gures.
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