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14 Agriculture 7(2001) 15. McIntosh, R.A. (1988): Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat. Proc. 7 th International Wheat Genetics Symposium – Cambridge, Vol.2. p.p.1225-1323. 16. McNeal, F.H., Berg, M.A., Stewart, V.R., Baldridge, D.E. (1972): Agronomic response of three height classes of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., compared at different yield levels. Agr. Journ., 64:362-364. 17. McVittie, J.A., Gale, M.D., Marshal, G.A., Westcott, B. (1978): The intra-chromosomal mapping of the Norin 10 and Tom Thumb genes. Heredity 40:67-70. 18. Morris, R, J. Schmidt, W., Johnson, V.A. (1972): Chromosomal location of a dwarfing gene in Tom Thumb wheat derivatives by monosomic analysis. Crop Sci., 12:75-276. 19. Pepe, J.F., Heiner, R.E. (1975): Influence of two different dwarfing sources on yield and protein percentage in semidwarf wheat. Crop Sci., 15:637-639. 20. Pinthus, M.J., Levy, A.A. (1984): Genotypic effects of height on grain yield of Triticum aestivum L. spring wheat. Z. Pflanzenzuchtung, 93:49-55. 21. Pugsley, A.T. (1983): Identification and management of major genes monitoring yield and adaptation. Proc. 6th Int.Wheat Genetics Symp., Kyoto, p. 971-974. 22. Worland, A.J., Law, C.N., Shakoor, A. (1980): The genetical analysis of an induced height mutant in wheat. Heredity, 45:61-71. 23. Worland, A.J., Law, C.N. (1985): Aneuploidy in semi dwarf wheat varieties. Euphyitica, 34:317-327. 24. Worland, A. J. and C. N. Law. 1986. Genetic analysis of chromosome 2D of wheat. I. The location of genes affecting height, day-length insensitivity, hybrid dwarfizm and yellow rust resistance. Z. Pflanzenzuchtung, 96:311-345. 25. Worland, A.J., Law, C.N., Petrovi}, S. (1990): Height reducing genes and their importance to Yugoslavian winter wheat varietes. Savremena poljoprivreda, 38(34):245-258. PLEIOTROPNI UÎNAK Rht 3 GENA ZA PATULJASTU STABLJIKU NA NEKA SVOJSTVA P[ENICE (Tr. aestivum L. em Thell) SA@ETAK Tijekom 17 godina uzastopnog odabiranja heterozigotne polupatuljaste biljke iz kriànja ’Tom Thumb x Bankuty 1201’, stvorene su ~iste izogene linije, koje su se me|usobno razlikovale samo u zastupljenosti poludominantnog gena za patuljastu slamu (Rht 3 ). U Krièvcima, tijekom dvogodi{njih poljskih pokusa sijanih po metodi p~elinjeg sa}a, u tih je linija promatran u~inak prisustva Rht 3 gena (Rht 3 Rht 3 = patuljak, Rht 3 rht 3 = polupatuljak i rht 3 , rht 3 = visoka biljka), na neka svojstva biljke, sjemena i pokazatelje kakvo}e bra{na. Zna~ajan glavni u~inak Rht 3 gena je smanjenje visine stabljike za 54% u homozigotnih Rht 3 Rht 3 genotipova, odnosno za 28% u heterozigotnih Rht 3 rht 3 genotipova. Patuljaste biljke (Rht 3 Rht 3 ) imale su 12% vi{e klasova po biljci, ali su druge komponente uroda – broj zrna/klas i masa zrna/klas bile slabije za 25 i 28%. Kao zbirni rezultat, patuljaste su biljke pokazale zna~ajno umanjen urod zrna po biljci (-27%). Me|utim, to bi mogao biti i sekundarni postrani u~inak dulje vegetacije (pet dana kasnije klasanje). U~inak dvostruke doze Rht 3 gena na koli~inu bjelan~evina u zrnu nije bio zna~ajan, ali je maksimalni viskozitet tijesta, mjeren amilografom u BU jedinicama, zna~ajno (101%) izmijenjen. U klimatskim uvjetima Hrvatske, homozigotni patuljci (Rht 3 Rht 3 ) nemaju gospodarske vrijednosti, me|utim, kao heterozigoti, mogli bi imati stanovitu vrijednost u oplemenjivanju hibridne p{enice. Klju~ne rije~i: p{enica - Triticum aestivum, patuljasti habitus, Rht 3 gen, pleiotropni u~inak, komponente uroda, urod zrna, bjelan~evine zrna, amilogram
Agriculture 6 (2000) 15 ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 632.78(497.5) THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HÜBNER) REVIEW OF RESULTS FROM CROATIA Marija Ivezi}, Emilija Raspudi} SUMMARY Original scientific paper Izvorni znanstveni ~lanak European Corn Borer (ECB - (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner) is one of the most important pest on corn in Croatia. In the last decade corn production was on over 400 000 ha, in Eastern Croatia. Although ECB is present every year, with no such a low intensity, their control is not implemented. Corn is grown in monoculture, at 40% of cornfields, which also has influence on spreading of ECB. In the last ten years average attack of ECB was 51.5%; been done three different kinds of trials for controlling ECB. First trials were carried out in DeKalb hybrids, and ECB was controlled by Biobit XL, on the base of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner. Intensity of attack was decreased for 46%. Second trial was carried out in ten hybrids, in order to determine the tolerance of hybrids against ECB. It was identified that several domestic hybrids (OSSK 382, OSSK 664 and BC 462) are tolerant to ECB. The third trial was carried out with GM hybrids. Experiments included Pioneer hybrids Evelina Bt, and Landia Bt. Intensity of attack at Evelina standard was 52%, while in Evelina Bt, ECB wasn’t present at all. At Landia standard ECB was present on 98%, while in Landia Bt, intensity of attack was 21%. At both Bt hybrids, number of larvae and tunnels was lower comparing to standard hybrids. Length of damage in Landia check was 20.66 cm, while in Landia Bt it was 0.45 cm. The yield was increased for 10.27% at Evelina Bt, and for 26.67% in Landia Bt comparing to their standards. This kind of experiments will be continued in the future, not only because of its agronomic importance, but also because of its ecological relevance. Key-words: ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, review of results, intensity of attack, tolerance, control, GMO INTRODUCTION Corn is grown on 400 000 ha in Croatia, mostly in Eastern Croatia. Hybrids from different FAO maturity groups were grown – from FAO 100 – 700. Average grain yield in Croatia in last couple of years (1989-1996) was 4.66 t/ha, and in Eastern Slavonia it was about 7 t/ha. A big problem for corn production in our country is continnous growing (monoculture). Currently 40% of cornfield are in monoculture. One of the main corn pest is European Corn Borer (ECB)- (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbner). Intensity of attack of ECB were detected in Eastern Slavonia since 1971 (Ivezi} & Raspudi}, 1997). Average attack intensity in the last 10 years was 51.67%, but the control for this pest is not implemented. Partly, there was some control in corn seed production, but not on other corn productions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Intensity of attack of ECB was determined in Eastern Slavonia at a series of locations (Osijek, Petrijevci, Bizovac, êpin, Valpovo, Karanac, Kneèvo etc.). FAO groups were from 100–700. Intensity of attack was assessed on the base of viewing and dissecting corn plant, each year before harvest. In dissection, 25 corn plants were examined in detail, and number of tunnels and larvae was determined to calculate the attack intensity. Position of tunnels and larvae on corn plants was also determined. Tolerance of corn against ECB attack was investigated in ten domestic hybrids from Agricultural Institute in Osijek (OSSK hybrids) and Institute of Corn Production from Zagreb (BC hybrids). Tolerance to ECB attack was determined according to the yield loss in period 1992-1996. Controls of ECB in our country are implemented only in field trials. Field trials in 1997 were done with Biobit XL, on the base of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, in the dose of 3 l/ha, in two different time of application. Genetically modified corn with a gene against EBC was used for the first time in trials in 1998. The trials were done with hybrids Landia Bt and Evelina Bt, and results were compared to their non-Bt counterparts. Prof. dr. sc. Marija Ivezi}, doc. dr. sc. Emilija Raspudi} – University of J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Department of Plant Protection, Trg sv. Trojstva 3 31000 Osijek Croatia
Page 1 and 2: UDK 63 ISSN 1330-7142 znanstveno -
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Page 7 and 8: Agriculture 7 (2001) 7 uzgoj p{enic
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Page 17 and 18: Agriculture 7 (2001) 17 CONCLUSION
Page 19 and 20: Agriculture 7 (2001) 19 agronomskim
Page 21 and 22: Agriculture 7 (2001) 21 Tablica 2.
Page 23 and 24: Agriculture 7 (2001) 23 • Varijab
Page 31 and 32: Agriculture 7 (2001) 31 LITERATURA
Page 33 and 34: Agriculture 7 (2001) 33 MATERIJAL I
Page 35 and 36: Agriculture 7 (2001) 35 1,24%. Mi{i
Page 39 and 40: Agriculture 7 (2001) 39 je kod biol
Page 41 and 42: Agriculture 7 (2001) 41 LITERATURA
Page 45 and 46: Agriculture 7 (2001) 45 Grafikon 2.
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Page 53 and 54: Agriculture 7 (2001) 53 REZULTATI I
Page 55 and 56: Agriculture 7 (2001) 55 2. Lohman,
Page 57 and 58: Agriculture 7 (2001) 57 nama okruè
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Agriculture 7 (2001) 65 LITERATURA
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Poljoprivreda 7 (2001) 67 DODATNE O
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Poljoprivreda 7 (2001) 69 UPUTE AUT
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UDC 63 ISSN 1330-7142 Scientific an
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