Kwiecień 2008 - Polska Izba Inżynierów Budownictwa

JĘZYK ANGIELSKI
The wood for a temple does not come from a single tree.
Chinese proverb
Glued-Laminated Timber
What is Glulam timber?
Structural glued-laminated timber, also called Glulam, is
one of the most versatile and widespread of engineered
wood products. It is a material bonded from several layers
of suitably selected, dimensioned and prepared pieces of
wood, called laminations. Virtually any species of tree
(softwoods and hardwoods) or their combinations can
be used to manufacture glued-laminated timber, as long
as their mechanical and physical properties meet the
relevant requirements.
Dopasuj następujące gatunki drzew do
odpowiedniej kategorii:
ash, aspen, beech, birch, cedar, elm, fir, larch, maple,
oak, pine, spruce, yew
hardwoods
softwoods
Manufacture
The glued-laminated timber production process permits
the creation of large structural members combined from
much smaller pieces of wood of varying grade, strength,
and stiffness. The manufacturing process includes drying
and grading the timber, assembling the layers of cut timber
into longer laminations, glueing, finishing, fabricating
the elements and, if necessary, applying preservative
treatment. The technology used in these processes
minimises shrinkage and swelling, and resultant splits
and warpage affecting the strength and appearance of
laminated members.
Dopasuj następujące słowa i wyrażenia do
odpowiedniego etapu produkcji:
structural adhesive, glue extruder, moisture meter,
visual inspection, sanding, planing, drilling holes,
sealing, creosote solution, oil-based and water-based
treatments, kiln, knot size, quality assurance
drying
grading
glueing
finishing and
fabricating
applying
preservatives
Properties
Compared with sawn timber as well as other structured
materials, glued-laminated timber offers a number of
advantages. It is both aesthetic and durable, can be
(a) ………… installed in various weather conditions,
permits (b)…………spans and unlimited shapes. Its
(c) …………structure and insulating properties result in
cost effectiveness of ground preparation, erection and
heating. Moreover, without the physical constraints
imposed by the manufacturing plant and method of
transportation, the potential size of a piece of gluedlaminated
timber is unlimited.
Wood is (d) …………environmentally friendly and as
such offers an alternative to other structural materials
like steel and concrete. The environmental advantages
of glulam timber production include renewability, low
energy consumption and recyclability.
Although a naturally (e) …………product, glued-laminated
timber can resist fire and preserve its load carrying
properties longer than unprotected steel. It has large
cross-sectional areas and chars (f) …………slowly, which,
combined with the application of fire retardant coatings
and impregnation, (g) …………enhances the length of
exposure to flames.
Przymiotniki i przysłówki. Uzupełnij luki:
combustible, easily, inherently, lightweight, long,
relatively, substantially.
Application
Glulam timber is widely used in exterior and interior
applications as well as industrial structures - roof and
floor systems, columns, rafters, frames, arches and
compound curves, trusses, trimmers, beams, ridge beams,
floor girders, stair steps and strings, bridge strings and
decking, poles in power transmission towers and other
utility applications.
Do których słów w powyższym akapicie
pasują definicje?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a firm border in which a window or a door is enclosed
a long stick or post set upright in the ground to support
something
a strong beam that supports a floor, roof, or bridge
a structure supporting a roof or bridge
one of the large sloping pieces of wood that form the
structure of a roof
Dopasuj słowa o zbliżonym znaczeniu:
56 INŻYNIER BUDOWNICTWA KWIECIEŃ 2008