y H I BEPCAJIb H 14 n t r]0CTP0BAH Xrl MlCf qHUH

BAapflrorb y fioro Hic. Hexafi ylapx nia6yaarorscc qolsi
,ceKlH,(r{, a niqcryu uix xBHJTflMH l0 MeTpiB, TaK uo
cKopicrb xBr{Jrb BHxoAHTb 5 ruerpin Ha cexyHry. Ha Mi-
Hyry uic rapornaBa ,qictae 30 yAapiB, Ha roAr.tHy 1800.
Kaxeuo, roAuHoBa r{acrora xBr.tJrb 1800. Tenep yrniu co-
6i, uo napoflnaB pyrrruB y Aopory [pflMoBo (cropuono,
flep[eHAuxyrrpno) Ao xBHJrb i npoxoAl.rrr xoxnoi ceKyHrH
3 uerpu. Ili4paxyfinao, cxirrru qacy [poxoAurb BiA
oAHoro Ao Apyroro yrapy renep. 3a cexyu.uy nicln nxorocb
yAapy naponnaB npofile BnepeA, uasycrpi.r Hacryfluifi
xnnai, 3 rrlerpu, sa uefi caunfi qac ra xBHnff npofile
5 uerpin y Ha[prMr(y Ao flaponnaBa, TaK uro cxopicrr
ts3a€MHoro ua6luxeuss o6ox ix sHfiAe 3+5-8 uerpin.
flpn raxifi cxopocri siAAareHHs lvrix [apo[naBoM i xstraerc,
ce6ro 10 uerpin, npoftAerbcr 3a l0 :8-1,25 cexyHAu.
Orxe, ruo 1,25 cex. ni.q6ynaruMerbcff yAap. 3a uinyty
qe 6yae 48 yAapis, 3a toAHHy 2880. Taxuu rIHHoM, y
:,in'fl3xy 3 pyxoM flaponnaBa qacrora yAa,pis lriucetrcs.
[[o 6ianura cxopicrr [aponnaBa, ro 6iauura qacrora ryAapiB.
fcuo, ulo KoJrH 6 flapo[naB rrJrr{B y npormexHiu
HanpflMKy, yrixarcvu sil xBr.rJrb, To rracrora yAapiB 6yaa
6 uesura. 3uarcqu cxopicrr xBHJrb i Aonxnny ni,nctyny
r.rix HHMH, Mox(Ha 3 qacrorH yAapis BupaxyBaTu cxopicrr
flapo[naBa, KoJrH niH uruse uaaycrpi,r xBHJrflM, a6o
arixae eia ,HHx. Tax caMo Aierucc i e paai cniraa, 6o
fr BoHo Mae "xBnrflcry" npupoqy, ce6ro BHKagye uepio-
.qH,{Hi SruiHH (erexrpouarHeTHoro noJrfl 3AoBx upoueun).
MN auaeuo cxopicru csirra i vacrory xoxnoi 6apsu fioro
Ha ceKyHAy, KoJIH siAAareHHs uix AxepenoM csiraa
i expauou He uiHserbcfl s qacoM. Ko.rru rr Axepeno cniraa
ri.t6ynae sxuficr pyx cynporu cnocrepiraua (expaHy), a6o
c[ocTeprraq cylpoTH Axepena cBlTJra, uo Bce oAHo, To
qe ni.qpasy siA6usaerrcq Ha cnexrpi: rracrora 6apn ui-
Hfl€rbcr i sapaaou uisserucs qacrora csirra, Iqo ni.quo-
Bi,qae reMHIrM .uisisu. Teuni linii nepeuiularcrrcc, a 3.
rlboro nepeMiuleHHq Bxe Jrerxo o6'rucruru cxopicrs pyxy
Axepena csirra.
Aas uipnuHn si.(AareHr seuai siA, He Ayxe AaJreKHx
He6ecHnx ria Kopr.rcryrorbcfl T. 38. [apaJlaKcolo. Ue
xyr uix ABoMa rrpocrHMu, rqo cnonyqar,orb xinqi seauxoi
oci op6itu serlri (a6o cKoro He6yar ii nonepeuHuxa) 3
AaHon 3opep. Otxe, ue Kyr 3opy, ni.( sxuu s .uaHoi sopi
BHAKo sraAaHnft flofiepeqHuK. 3uanqu [apanaKcy fi AoBxHHy
rorepeqHnxa op6irN seMai (300 uiltfionin xilouerpis),
JrerKo o6,tlrcrr.{ru uorpi6ny siAcraHr. 3nu.rafiHo napanaKca
6'ynae Ayxe Mara, aJre BrocKoHaneHHfl sHMipHLIx
npuaa,qia [ocryrrr{no raK AaneKo B[epeA, uto Aae 3Mory
uipnru Kyrr{ Ao 0,05 cexyHlu. flapa.narca Hafi6aux,roi go
nac aopi (a Centauri, Proxima Centauri) Mae 0,765 cexyHAH.
}1x yrxe cxa3aHo [orepe,(y, qe siAnogiAae Aoposi.
uo ii npo6irae csirao ea 4,3 poKH, po6arun qoceKynAr.r
300.000 xiaorrrerpia. Kiarxicrr niAAaresr, suipnHux is AorroMororo
flapanaKcx, ,[oxoArrrb Ao 6ararbox rHcfl.r. Csirao
siAuoniAHnx iu sip npo6irae Ao seMai 3a AecsrKlr i corui
rit, a sil HafilaJlbnrnx 3a rpr4cra poxiu. fx uo6a,{uuo 4ari,
qr.rcJro 3ip, ulo ix siAAareHHs o6qucreHo 3 AonoMororo
flapaJlaKcH, crarloBr.rrb ]Iyxe ManeHbKy qacrr.rHy qinoro
MHoxecrBa rtoci siAxpr.rrux ue6ecnnx ria.
Aas uipauun sil,(aaeHr ule Aanbuux tia yxr.rBarorb
cuoco6y, siAoMoro uiA Hasson MeroAH I-[eSeiain. flpo uro
Mero.(ry roBopnTr.rMeuo 4ali, xoln lifileMo Ao r. sg. MiHnLIBHx
3ip. A renep 3raAaeMo ur€, qo Hafi.racriue BxH-
'BaHHM cnoco6ou qoc.rtiAxynauun se6a e $ororpaSin. Ha
Sororpa$i,{Hifi uauri acrpouoMn 3Haxo,qsrr cliAu sip, ulo
'lx He MoxHa 6aqurx Hasirs s AortoMoroto uafiroqgiuux
i HaftAocxoHaaiurux AarexorrqAin.
IIosHaftoMHBurHcb is acrpoHouiquuurl MeroAaMH, uepeft-
,[eMo Ao orrucy Hauroi safi6.nuxqoi 6auxisr{r.rHu n csiro-
BHx npocropax - cousruuoi cncreMn. V uifi cucreui cosue
rBopurb ocepeAoK. Boso o6epraeru AoBKona csoei
reoMerpuquoi oci, a AoBKoJra Hboro, qK yxe 3faAyBanocb,
o6eprarcrucfl nJraHeru. Huc.rro ix, nicrq ocraHHix ni.qxpurr,
,[oxoAr.rrb Ao AecqrH: Mepxypifi, BeHe,pa, 3euas, Mapc,
lOnirep, Carypu, Vpau, Henryu, fhyrou i Tpaucnayron
(?). Hafi6Jrrax.{a Ao coHlu rJlaHera
- Mepxypifi, Hafi-
30
AaJIbua Tpancnryrou. KoxHa [JIaHera Mae cBoro oKpeMy
reainrr,rHy Aopony i csifi orpeuufi pix. Meprypifi o66irae
coHr{e sa 88 AHis, 3enars sa 365 lnin 5 roAr.rH 48 uiuyt
49 cexyn,q, a fhytor sa 249 3eMeJlbHr.rx poxin.
Maca coHrlfl n 6araro paain nepeBuurye MacI{ [JraHer.
Tpe6a 332.000 uac aeuai, u1o6 spinHonaxcrrv Macy coHr1tr,
a B cepe,quHi fioro MoxHa sruicturfi 1,300,000 3eMJrfl,HHx
Kynb i nouar 100 TaKLrx xyJlb MoxHa yKnacrH no AoBxrlHi
uonepeqHnxa coHufl. Ky.[q coHr.lq cKraAaerbcfl 3 po3-
)KapeHHx ra3iB, uro MarcTb Ha uonepxui ii reMneparypy
xoao 6000 crynnin l-[e.rrrcin a sHyrpi ne.rluxi tuiasfionu ix.
Ue neaereHcbKe BorHuule BHcHna€ s cnirosi [pocropll Benuqe3,Hy
xirrxicrr eHeprii. Ha uonepxni coHuff nia6yna-
.,lorbcfl rrroryrHi nuponi pyxH po3xapeHoi uarepii i sapa-
3oM nocBrflrorbcfl T. 38. consurni nJIflMH, uro rtepioAllqHo
s6irruryrcrucn fi 3MeHruyrorbcfl KoxHHx oAHHaAuflTr ait.
3 uonepxui coHqff BHpI{Barorbcfl MacH posueqeHux raeis
(npory6epaucu), Aocsrapq[ B roporriu qaci Hepa3 Bu'
corn coreHb rucflrr xiaouetpir.
fhauetu He Ayxe si,(pisHsrotrcs siA seuri cBoiM[ po3.
uipauu. OaHi 3 HHx (lOuitep, Carypu, Vpatt, Hentyn),
6iaruri siA seMai, Apyri (Mepxypifi, BeHepa, Mapc, Ih,y-
ToH, TpaHcn.ryron) ueuuri. Orpirr,r [JIaHeT, KpyxnflpTb
AOBKOIa COHr{fl ule r. 38. nJlaUeroi'Au, UaAi [JraHerr'I. Ix
[oneper{HHKLT AocflraroTb qacoM BenHquHH 100 riaouerpiB,
a ueHuri s HHx riarru rirrrox rinouerpin. flonxoaa AesKHx
nJraHer Kpyxnsnrr uicsqi (care.nitn), a caue: AoBxola
3euli, o.qu.H, lOnitepa - oAuHaAuctu, CaTVPHS, ororreHo'ro
qiaura riarqeu api6sux rilt, - AecflTb, Ypasa -
rt'flrb, Mapca - AB,a, Heuryna - oAHH. Ao qiei rpoMaAI{
se6ecuux ria rpe6a sapaxyBarr.r ue r. 38. e HapoAi sixx,
ce6ro KoMerH, ulo cKJlaAarorbcff upasAouoAi6Ho s poin
'rBep,[ux ria, cnironoro nuJry fi r'asin i onucyrcrb AoBKona
coHufl eainruuHi, uapa6o.rriqui, a ro fi riuep6oliqsi Aoporu.
V rofi uac, KonH Aoporu [JraHer Jlexarb raafixe B oAHifi
urourr,rHi (y nroutr.rsi exaiuruxu), 4opotu KoMer He BuflB-'
rqlorb xaAHoro [paB]rJlbHoro yKnaAy i saxuaeui a,o ernin-
THKr,r ni.u pisnltura Kyra,IrH. Eynae, uo niA qac [poxoAy
KoMerH ro.no sxoicr [JIaHerH niA snrnnoM cHJIH fpasira'
uii Minqerrcn Qopua roporu KoMerH, g eainrurlHoi Ha napa6oai,ury,
a6o rinep6oniuny i nannaru. 3 yBarH Ha re,
uto uapa6oaa fi riuep6oaa 6esxoHe,IHi rpuni, KoMer[ g ra-
Kr.rMr.r Aoporauu riauxu pa3 noflBJlflroTbcq u o6aacti coxgtuxoi
cucteuu i, o6ifiruoBlur{ coHqe, gHHKaIoTb uaniru n cri-
ToBux [pocropax, sxrrlo niA 'rac niaxo,qy He HacraJla sui-
Ha Aoporu sa erinruuHy. fasn fi nur KoMeTH niA natuc-
KoM coHcuHoro csirra siAxuAaroTbcfl B Hnttpf,MK]r upornlexuilrl
Ao coHIIfl, TBopgrIH TaKuM rIIlHoM SeAHxi gcHi "trtit-
JrLr" Ilo3a,(y xouetogoi "roroBu", ocHosHoi qacrrtHt,l Ko-
MerH. E.luxqe fr AoxaaAsitue osHafioMJIeHHfl 3 KoMeraMI{
HaJrexr.rTb ro cneqiRaruoi, lunpoKopospo6reHoi o6aacru
actpououii i He Moxe 6yru [peAMeroM Haluofo cxeMa-
THTIHOTO OUUCY.
fx nocrara coHfluHa cucteua? fUe ,qo HeAaBHa MoxHa
6y.no vnraru s urxirbHux' i n ycrxux noflynffpHux BHAaH-
Hflx, uto upo6.neMa rrocraHHfl nnaHeruoi cucreulr ocrarorr-
Ho BHflcHeHa reopierc Kaura-'Jlrugca, AapMa uo raxoi
teopii n ,qiftcHbcri seua. Kasr no4aB rinoresy rtpo rIoBcraHHc
He6ecuux tia searari. OcttosHa fioro ,(ryMKa: IIepsicHo
icnyoara BeJrereHcbxa xMapa xoctrliquoro [opoxy
(xaoc Aeuoxputa), Ae 3roAoM rpaeitauis ra isepqis 3a-
[poBaAr.rnu ru.rHiurrifi nopsAoK. JIsn.nsc noBopI'ITb riauru
flpo [ocraHHfl Har.uoi nlauernoi cucrenaPl: 3 rtpuqvtttw o6oporoBoro
pyxy coHufl silAiauracb Ha fioro pinnuxy ni,q
,BIIJIHBoM cI{JII{ iHepuii flKacb xiarxicru cossuuroi Marepii
i n o6pasi xiarqs xpyxnflna paaou is coHqeM, rroxl{ 3roroM
r{e riarue He poaipnaJlocb i He crqrrocfl B xyarc, ce6-
To B nnarrery. Taxufi [poqec noBropnBcfl xilrxa pasis,
ax 1oxx He c$opMysarllcr yci uaaueru. flocraHns uicflrriB
noffcHro€Tbcs raKHM caMlIM cnoco6ou. Excuepuueur
Ilaqro 3 Kpa[JIeIo o.rtii, nnpasaeHoi n o6oporHvft pyx, 1ocl{rb
ao6pe ysausAst6e i,qen Jlqnrsca. Bin -cupnuuul'IBcq
Ao sea6usroro Vcnix,y ii. OAHa,re, uiueqsxouy acrpoHouoni
HelbKe BAaJIocfl AoKa3arH, uro BHcHoBKH' nurgrHegi
i3 qiei upocroi i crpy,Hxoi reopii, npLI un6urifi anaaisi
HOBI AHI, BEPECEHb, T955