Projekt 4. - Institut for Matematik og Datalogi - Syddansk Universitet

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N a t u r v i d e n s k a b e l i g t P r o j e k t / F a r m a c e u t : V a l g f r i t P r o j e k t Projekt 65. Vitamins and Minerals Vejleder: Christine McKenzie, chk@ifk.sdu.dk Institut: Institut for Fysik og Kemi (IFK) Praktisk del: Institut Gruppeplacering: Biblioteket Gruppestørrelse: Mindst 3 og max 5 deltagere. Én gruppe kan arbejde med projektet Kommentarer: Projektet kan tages af studerende på Kemi, Nanobioscience, Farmaci og studerende på scienceåret Keywords: syntetisk Kemi, spektroskopi, nutrition, lægemidler, vitamin B 12 Abstract Vitamins and minerals are essential dietary components since we are unable to biosynthesize them in our bodies. Deficiency or overexposure can lead to a myriad of diseases and death. Vitamin B 12 (cyanocobalamine) is an example of an essential vitamin and we need about 1 g per day. In nature it is produced by microorganisms, and we consume it in eggs, dairy products, meat and fish. Thus vegans need to be particularly aware of deficiency symptoms. Coenzyme B 12 has a central role in the biosynthesis of hemoglobin and the essential amino acid, methionine. Supplements are given to sufferers of pernicious anemia by injection. Vitamin B 12 , depicted on the left, contains the first row transition element cobalt which is trapped inside a “macrocyclic” ring called a corrin (blue). In situ it is a co-factor used by enzymes usually linked to them via a histidineN-Co bond. One ligand on the cobalt atom (R) is the carbon atom of various molecules and substrates. Vitamin B 12 is an example of an “organometallic” compound – it contains a metal-carbon bond. This is an important class of compounds in biological and industrial catalysis. Three Nobel prizes in chemistry, and one in medicine, have been awarded for Vitamin B 12 research and many more in organometallic chemistry. The original “total synthesis” of Vitamin B 12 took over a decade and involved more than 90 separate reactions performed by over 100 people. You don‟t the time for that! Rather you will synthesize and characterize a simpler analogue and carry out a literature search on the biochemistry of co-enzyme and Vitamin B 12 . Minikurser Obligatorisk: Projektarbejde (Microsoft, Nat) Anbefalede: Ingen Litteraturliste over metode artikler, som udleveres til de studerende Synthesis instructions will be provided. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12 67
N a t u r v i d e n s k a b e l i g t P r o j e k t / F a r m a c e u t : V a l g f r i t P r o j e k t Projekt 66. Watching proteins on the move Vejleder: Daniel Wüstner, wuestner@bmb.sdu.dk Institut: Institut for Biokemi og Molekylær Biologi Praktisk del: Institut for Biokemi og Molekylær Biologi Gruppeplacering: Biblioteket Gruppestørelse: Mindst 3 og max 6 deltagere. Én gruppe kan arbejde med projektet. Kommentarer: Ingen. Keywords: green fluorescent protein, fluorescence microscopy, cells, imaging Left panel shows the jellyfish emitting green light. Right panel shows an artistic cartoon of the barrel-like structure of GFP and of the chromophore inside the barrel. Abstract Proteins never stop moving in a living cell. There is a continuous exchange of proteins between various intracellular organelles. This dynamics is very important for the function of cells and their ability to adapt to changing environments. The discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea Victoria has sparked a revolution in cell biology. GFP shines green light when illuminated with blue light, and this ability in combination with molecular biological techniques allows one to link GFP to almost any protein of interest and to follow transport of this fluorescent protein complex in the cell. In fact, this discovery is so important that it won the Nobelprize in Chemistry in 2008 (see http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2008/index.html). In this project, we will transfect mammalian cells with various GFP-tagged proteins. We will learn about mammalian cell lines and how to culture them in an incubator. Students will transfect the cells transiently and observe the GFP-tagged proteins under a fluorescence microscope. If time allows, we will record time-lapse video sequences of protein transport in transfected cells either on a wide field or on a confocal microscope. Minikurser: Obligatoriske: Projektarbejde (Microsoft, Nat) Anbefalede: Ingen Litteraturliste over metodeartikler, som udleveres til de studerende Aftales med vejleder 68
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Projekt 4. - Institut for Matematik og Datalogi - Syddansk Universitet

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