Deutsche Gesellschaft für Audiologie - Universität Oldenburg
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Audiologie - Universität Oldenburg
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Audiologie - Universität Oldenburg
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Das Wesen des ...<br />
Instrumentierung<br />
Wer misst, misst Mist<br />
Schallpegel<br />
Spektren<br />
Übertragungsfunktionen<br />
Das Wesen des ...<br />
Instrumentierung<br />
Wer misst, misst Mist<br />
Schallpegel<br />
Spektren<br />
Übertragungsfunktionen<br />
4. Schallpegel<br />
• Definition Schalldruckpegel Lp = 10 lg ˜p 2 /p2 <br />
0 dB<br />
• ˜p 2 : p(t) quadrieren, zeitlich mitteln (integrieren)<br />
˜p 2 (tx) = 1<br />
tx<br />
p<br />
τ<br />
2 (t) e −(tx−t)/τ<br />
dt<br />
quadrierter quadrierter quadrierter quadrierter Schalldruck<br />
Schalldruck<br />
Schalldruck<br />
Y−Axis<br />
1<br />
0.8<br />
0.6<br />
0.4<br />
0.2<br />
2<br />
p p p p (t)<br />
−(t −t)/<br />
e x −t)/<br />
e x −t)/<br />
p p 22<br />
(t) ee τ<br />
−(t x −t)/ τ<br />
t=−∞<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<br />
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<br />
0 0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3<br />
X−Axis<br />
τSLOW = 1s, τFAST = 125ms<br />
4. Schallpegel<br />
• zeitliche Mittelung<br />
– äquivalenter Dauerschallpegel Leq<br />
<br />
1 2 ˜p (tx)<br />
<br />
Leq = 10 lg Ti Mittelwert<br />
tx in Ti<br />
<br />
dB<br />
oder<br />
Tr<br />
<br />
1<br />
Leq = 10 lg<br />
i<br />
Tr<br />
Tr<br />
t=0<br />
p 2 (t) dt<br />
t x<br />
p 2 0<br />
<br />
t<br />
p 2<br />
0 dB<br />
– Taktmaximal-Mittelungspegel LT,m oder LT,eq<br />
<br />
1 2 ˜p (tx)<br />
<br />
LT,m = 10 lg Ti max<br />
tx in Ti<br />
<br />
dB<br />
Tr<br />
i<br />
p 2 0<br />
Seite 145
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