The Potential of Electricity Generation from Poultry Waste in ...

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2.1.2 Energy Sector in Bangladesh Primary Commercial Energy Resources About 60% of the total primary energy in the country comes from commercial energy sources (NEP, 2006, p. 1).The primary commercial energy resources in Bangladesh are natural gas and recently discovered coal. The recoverable proven and probable natural gas reserve in the country is 20.51 Trillion Cubic Feet (TCF) and the cumulative production up to June, 2004 was 5.90 TCF (BBS, 2007, p. 244). The total gas consumption in 1999-00 and 2004-05 was 8780 MMCF and 12922 MMCF respectively (BBS, 2007, p. 251). The average growth of gas consumption in the last six years is 7.86%. (ibid and own calculation) With this average growth of consumption the reserve of natural gas could sustain the country up to the year 2020 without any discovery of new gas fields (BBS, 2007, p. 244, 246, 251 and own calculation). Natural gas is used both as primary and secondary fuel in the energy mix of the country. Figure 2.2 shows the consumption of natural gas in different sectors. in MMCM 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Figure 2.2 Consumption of natural gas by category of sectors 3976 2661 1463 7 137 1486 1199 Power Fertilizer Industrial Commercial Domestic Others Sector Source: BBS, 2007, p. 246 and own plotting The proven coal reserve in Bangladesh is estimated at over 1 billion tons which is equivalent to 38 TCF of natural gas which is more than three times the remaining proven and probable gas reserve in the country (NEP, 2006, p. 15).
Power Sector The total installed capacity of electricity generation in Bangladesh is 5245 MW 8 . Currently the country is facing enormous electricity deficit. The amount of load shedding is 572 MW against a maximum load of 3548 MW as on 03.06.2007 9 . Natural gas is the prime source of primary energy in electricity generation followed by furnace oil. Figure 2.3 shows the installed capacity of electricity generation by type of fuel. 4.08% Figure 2.3 Total Installed Capacity by Type of Fuel 5.34% 4.39% 4.77% Total 5245 MW 8 81.84% Gas Diesel Furnace oil Hydro Source: http://www.bpdb.gov.bd/installed_fuel.htm printed on 20.08.2007 Final Consumption of Commercial Energy Commercial energy includes natural gas, electricity, petroleum products and coal (BBS, 2007, p. 252). The commercial energy consumed by different sectors is shown in Figure 2.4. The total final energy consumption was 33416 thousand tons of coal equivalents (TCE) in 2003-04 (ibid). The share of consumption of final commercial energy in different sectors are as follows: domestic 17.43%, industrial 9.83%, commercial 0.95%, transport 23.70%, agriculture & others 12.45% and non energy use ( use as a raw material for fertilizer production) 35.63%. (ibid and own calculation) 8 http://www.bpdb.gov.bd/key_statistics.htm printed on 20.08.2007 9 http://www.bpdb.gov.bd/download/Daily_Summery_Report.pdf printed on 20.08.2007 Coal
Page 1 and 2: The Potential of Electricity Genera
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contd…) Title
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF ABBREVIATION °C : degree C
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF TABLE Title Page Table 2.1
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF FIGURE (Contd...) Title pag
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author is grate
Page 13 and 14: farms can produce electricity. Scen
Page 15 and 16: GWh/year respectively provided fert
Page 17 and 18: unterschiedliche Szenarien berücks
Page 19 and 20: Es besteht kein wirtschaftliches Po
Page 21 and 22: electricity that could be produced
Page 23 and 24: 1.5 Significance of the Study: Bang
Page 25: Figure 2.1 Showing the Geography of
Page 29 and 30: Biogas plant in the country Differe
Page 31 and 32: Small Power Plant (SPP) Policy 16 U
Page 33 and 34: It is really difficult to get relia
Page 35 and 36: 2.2.2 Key Statistics of the Study A
Page 37 and 38: 875 2170 493 Figure 2.9 Upazillawis
Page 39 and 40: 3.1 Approach CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
Page 41 and 42: Number 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Page 43 and 44: commercial bank interest rate, mark
Page 45 and 46: time constraint. Very large scale f
Page 47 and 48: for four hours a day from 6 pm to 1
Page 49 and 50: % of poultry farms 21% Figure 4.4 D
Page 51 and 52: Figure 4.6 Showing Electric Pump an
Page 53 and 54: % of poultry farm 12% Figure 4.9 Du
Page 55 and 56: geographical location of 2000 birds
Page 57 and 58: 4.3 Attitudes and Barriers Attitude
Page 59 and 60: Figure 5.2 Showing different compon
Page 61 and 62: The biogas from the poultry waste c
Page 63 and 64: Droppings Figure 5.4 Flow diagram o
Page 65 and 66: market 27 . At present the steel wo
Page 67 and 68: In GTZ flagship project, the unit c
Page 69 and 70: Figure 5.9 Flow diagram of producin
Page 71 and 72: 5.5 Problems Encountered with the T
Page 73 and 74: 6.1 Financial Analysis For financia
Page 75 and 76: Cost of biogas plant: The construct
Page 77 and 78:
However, one analysis is made on th
Page 79 and 80:
The other parameters considered in
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Figure 6.4 IRR of different size of
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Case 4: Electricity, Fertilizer and
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Figure 6.7 IRR of different size of
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The corresponding country electrici
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IRR (%) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Sc
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Scenario I It was found that for ca
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Table 6.9 Summary of estimated pote
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Only electricity as a product to ea
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Ali, Monshof, 2005:
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http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographi
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2.5 What type of back up system do
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2.10 What is your daily energy cons
Page 105 and 106:
Part C. Attitude toward Electricity
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Size of poultry Farm No. of lamps u
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Appendix 6.1 Percentage consumption
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Appendix 6.3 Calculation of CO2 sav
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Appendix 6.4 (Contd…) Detail resu
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Appendix 6.5 (Contd…) Detail resu
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IRR (%) IRR (%) 36 32 28 24 20 16 1
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DECLARATION I hereby certify that t
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