The Potential of Electricity Generation from Poultry Waste in ...

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CHAPTER 4 ENERGY CONSUMPTION STATUS IN POULTRY FARMS The poultry farms in Gazipur district are covered by the national electricity grid. Gazipur Palli Bidyuit Samity (PBS) a rural electric cooperative under Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board (REB) is responsible for the commercial operation of electricity in the district. All most all the poultry farms are grid connected. There is a huge power shortage in the study area as well as in the country. For uninterrupted power supply some poultry farms use back up system such as diesel generator. On the other hand, to avoid the power interruption there are a very few large scale farms which are not grid connected and have independent power plants based on natural gas. The daily energy consumption pattern in poultry farms is almost similar. Usually, the farms consume less energy in the day time and consume more in the evening. However, the farms using energy efficient lamps use less electricity in the evening than day time. Few poultry farms in the district have biogas plants. The majority of the bio gas plants are undersized as compared to its total potential. Three poultry farms in the district currently produce electricity from biogas during the power outage. The other poultry farms use biogas for thermal purposes mainly for household cooking. The details of utilization of different types of energy in the poultry farms are discussed in this chapter. 4.1 EXISTING UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICITY 4.1.1 Electricity consumption of major electrical appliances used Electricity is inevitable for the production of eggs and for the growth of the birds as well. Electricity is used in the industry mainly by lamps to provide proper lighting in the poultry shed, fans to maintain the required temperature, brooder to brood up the chicks and the water pumps to supply water. Following are the details of the status of electricity use for the main appliances in the poultry farms. Use of Lamp For the optimum production of eggs and the normal growth of birds it requires 16 - 17 hours lighting a day (Ghoshal, 2005, p, 119). Normally, from 6 am to 6 pm is considered as day light and no artificial lighting is required during this period. However in some dark days it may require some additional lighting during the period. Usually, artificial lighting is required 27
for four hours a day from 6 pm to 10 pm in the evening. All the farms use electric lamps for lighting. Different farms use different types of lamps. From the survey it was found that farms use incandescent lamp, compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) and fluorescent tube lamp (Figure 4.1). Interview with the farmers during survey reveals that normally 10 lamps with the wattage ranges from 26 to 100 watts are used for 1000 birds and for the larger farms the number of lamp increases proportionally. However, it was also found that some farms are using less than 10 lamps per 1000 birds. Figure 4.1 Showing different types of lamp Incandescent lamp Fluorescent tube lamp CFL Lamp Out of 50 farms surveyed it was found that 7 farms use CFL lamp, 21 farms use incandescent lamp and 22 farms use fluorescent tube lamp. The figure 4.2 shows the percentage of poultry farms using different types of lamp. Figure 4.2 The percentage of poultry farms using different types of bulb 44% 28 14% 42% Source: Author CFL Incandescent Fluorescent tube Source: Author
Page 1 and 2: The Potential of Electricity Genera
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contd…) Title
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF ABBREVIATION °C : degree C
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF TABLE Title Page Table 2.1
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF FIGURE (Contd...) Title pag
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author is grate
Page 13 and 14: farms can produce electricity. Scen
Page 15 and 16: GWh/year respectively provided fert
Page 17 and 18: unterschiedliche Szenarien berücks
Page 19 and 20: Es besteht kein wirtschaftliches Po
Page 21 and 22: electricity that could be produced
Page 23 and 24: 1.5 Significance of the Study: Bang
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2.1 Showing the Geography of
Page 27 and 28: Power Sector The total installed ca
Page 29 and 30: Biogas plant in the country Differe
Page 31 and 32: Small Power Plant (SPP) Policy 16 U
Page 33 and 34: It is really difficult to get relia
Page 35 and 36: 2.2.2 Key Statistics of the Study A
Page 37 and 38: 875 2170 493 Figure 2.9 Upazillawis
Page 39 and 40: 3.1 Approach CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
Page 41 and 42: Number 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Page 43 and 44: commercial bank interest rate, mark
Page 45: time constraint. Very large scale f
Page 49 and 50: % of poultry farms 21% Figure 4.4 D
Page 51 and 52: Figure 4.6 Showing Electric Pump an
Page 53 and 54: % of poultry farm 12% Figure 4.9 Du
Page 55 and 56: geographical location of 2000 birds
Page 57 and 58: 4.3 Attitudes and Barriers Attitude
Page 59 and 60: Figure 5.2 Showing different compon
Page 61 and 62: The biogas from the poultry waste c
Page 63 and 64: Droppings Figure 5.4 Flow diagram o
Page 65 and 66: market 27 . At present the steel wo
Page 67 and 68: In GTZ flagship project, the unit c
Page 69 and 70: Figure 5.9 Flow diagram of producin
Page 71 and 72: 5.5 Problems Encountered with the T
Page 73 and 74: 6.1 Financial Analysis For financia
Page 75 and 76: Cost of biogas plant: The construct
Page 77 and 78: However, one analysis is made on th
Page 79 and 80: The other parameters considered in
Page 81 and 82: Figure 6.4 IRR of different size of
Page 83 and 84: Case 4: Electricity, Fertilizer and
Page 85 and 86: Figure 6.7 IRR of different size of
Page 87 and 88: The corresponding country electrici
Page 89 and 90: IRR (%) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Sc
Page 91 and 92: Scenario I It was found that for ca
Page 93 and 94: Table 6.9 Summary of estimated pote
Page 95 and 96: Only electricity as a product to ea
Page 97 and 98:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Ali, Monshof, 2005:
Page 99 and 100:
http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographi
Page 101 and 102:
2.5 What type of back up system do
Page 103 and 104:
2.10 What is your daily energy cons
Page 105 and 106:
Part C. Attitude toward Electricity
Page 107 and 108:
Size of poultry Farm No. of lamps u
Page 109 and 110:
Appendix 6.1 Percentage consumption
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix 6.3 Calculation of CO2 sav
Page 113 and 114:
Appendix 6.4 (Contd…) Detail resu
Page 115 and 116:
Appendix 6.5 (Contd…) Detail resu
Page 117 and 118:
IRR (%) IRR (%) 36 32 28 24 20 16 1
Page 119:
DECLARATION I hereby certify that t
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