The Potential of Electricity Generation from Poultry Waste in ...

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searching. Primary data was collected by means of a questionnaire survey in different poultry farms. 3.3.1 Secondary Data Collection Different concern institutions/ organizations were visited to collect necessary information for the study. Poultry sector related data were collected from Department of Livestock Services (DLS) and Office of the District Livestock Officer, Gazipur. Biogas related data were collected from Grameen Shakti, GTZ Bangladesh, Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) and Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). Energy related data were collected from Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB), Rural Electrification Board (REB), Power Cell, Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Company Limited (TGTDCL). The country information and the study area information were collected from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS). The different organizations mentioned above were visited, discussions with relevant officials were held, and the relevant literatures, documents and publications were collected. Besides, internet searching was done and various relevant files from different web sites were downloaded. 3.3.2 Primary Data Collection Primary data was collected by means of a questionnaire survey (a copy of this is attached as annex A) and interview with the poultry farmers. Questions were asked to know about the present energy consumption, deficit of energy supply, backup system, the problems facing with the technology, size of biogas plant, use of slurry, the interest of the farmers to produce electricity, and the barriers to disseminate the technology. 3.4 Data Analysis All the quantitative data collected from the field were encoded in Microsoft Excel program and then analyzed. Financial analysis was done to find out the different sizes of poultry farm which are economically viable to produce electricity. The following indexes were determined in the analysis such as Net present value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period. Different sizes of poultry farms ranges from 500 birds to 50000 birds were considered for financial analysis. Each of the farms was analyzed for different cases under different scenarios to find the minimum size of farm which is financially viable to produce electricity. The minimum size of financially viable poultry farm was then used to estimate the total potential of electricity production for different cases under different scenarios. In the financial analysis the following issues were considered such as existing electricity tariff, 23
commercial bank interest rate, market price of locally available gas generator, income from residue as fertilizer, cost of CO2 for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects in developing countries and the cost of biogas plant as local standard etc. Different wattage of electric lamps are being used in different poultry farms. The lamps are of 100 watts, 60 watts, 40 watts and 26 watts. Energy consumption of different farms of same capacity varies with the wattage of lamp used in the farm. Therefore, the percentages of energy consumption of poultry farms from own generation was considered as the average of the percentage consumption of energy for using different wattage of lamps both for scenario I& II. In calculation of the total potential of electricity that could be generated from poultry waste, the sample data was considered as the basis. To find out the total potential in Gazipur district, the total number of layer birds in the district was taken and the sample data was magnified at district level data. The data regarding the number of layer birds in the country was not available. However the total number of birds including layer and broiler birds was available. To find out the number of layer birds in the country, the ratio of the number of layer birds and the total number of birds in Gazipur district was considered. Then the sample data was magnified at country level data to find out the total potential of electricity generation from poultry waste in Bangladesh. 3.5 Scenario Method Two different scenarios were considered to find out the potential of electricity generation from poultry waste for the study area and for the country as well. Scenarios are based on time duration for which the poultry farms can produce electricity for its own consumption as well as to sell it to adjacent household. Different cases were also considered under each scenario. The following will discuss the different scenarios and different cases. Scenario I (Production of electricity for five hours during the country peak): In this scenario it was considered that the poultry farms would produce electricity for five hours a day. The five hours was considered on the basis of the country’s peak hour and the duration in which the farms mostly experience power cut. The country’s peak is 6 hours from 17:00 hours to 23:00 hours. However, it was found that most of the poultry farms stop their electricity consumption by 22:00 hours. On the other hand, the poultry farms face huge load shedding through out the day mostly in the evening. The duration of load shedding for most of the farms is about 4 hours a day. Moreover it was found from the experience of poultry 24
Page 1 and 2: The Potential of Electricity Genera
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contd…) Title
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF ABBREVIATION °C : degree C
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF TABLE Title Page Table 2.1
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF FIGURE (Contd...) Title pag
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author is grate
Page 13 and 14: farms can produce electricity. Scen
Page 15 and 16: GWh/year respectively provided fert
Page 17 and 18: unterschiedliche Szenarien berücks
Page 19 and 20: Es besteht kein wirtschaftliches Po
Page 21 and 22: electricity that could be produced
Page 23 and 24: 1.5 Significance of the Study: Bang
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2.1 Showing the Geography of
Page 27 and 28: Power Sector The total installed ca
Page 29 and 30: Biogas plant in the country Differe
Page 31 and 32: Small Power Plant (SPP) Policy 16 U
Page 33 and 34: It is really difficult to get relia
Page 35 and 36: 2.2.2 Key Statistics of the Study A
Page 37 and 38: 875 2170 493 Figure 2.9 Upazillawis
Page 39 and 40: 3.1 Approach CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
Page 41: Number 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Page 45 and 46: time constraint. Very large scale f
Page 47 and 48: for four hours a day from 6 pm to 1
Page 49 and 50: % of poultry farms 21% Figure 4.4 D
Page 51 and 52: Figure 4.6 Showing Electric Pump an
Page 53 and 54: % of poultry farm 12% Figure 4.9 Du
Page 55 and 56: geographical location of 2000 birds
Page 57 and 58: 4.3 Attitudes and Barriers Attitude
Page 59 and 60: Figure 5.2 Showing different compon
Page 61 and 62: The biogas from the poultry waste c
Page 63 and 64: Droppings Figure 5.4 Flow diagram o
Page 65 and 66: market 27 . At present the steel wo
Page 67 and 68: In GTZ flagship project, the unit c
Page 69 and 70: Figure 5.9 Flow diagram of producin
Page 71 and 72: 5.5 Problems Encountered with the T
Page 73 and 74: 6.1 Financial Analysis For financia
Page 75 and 76: Cost of biogas plant: The construct
Page 77 and 78: However, one analysis is made on th
Page 79 and 80: The other parameters considered in
Page 81 and 82: Figure 6.4 IRR of different size of
Page 83 and 84: Case 4: Electricity, Fertilizer and
Page 85 and 86: Figure 6.7 IRR of different size of
Page 87 and 88: The corresponding country electrici
Page 89 and 90: IRR (%) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Sc
Page 91 and 92: Scenario I It was found that for ca
Page 93 and 94:
Table 6.9 Summary of estimated pote
Page 95 and 96:
Only electricity as a product to ea
Page 97 and 98:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Ali, Monshof, 2005:
Page 99 and 100:
http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographi
Page 101 and 102:
2.5 What type of back up system do
Page 103 and 104:
2.10 What is your daily energy cons
Page 105 and 106:
Part C. Attitude toward Electricity
Page 107 and 108:
Size of poultry Farm No. of lamps u
Page 109 and 110:
Appendix 6.1 Percentage consumption
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix 6.3 Calculation of CO2 sav
Page 113 and 114:
Appendix 6.4 (Contd…) Detail resu
Page 115 and 116:
Appendix 6.5 (Contd…) Detail resu
Page 117 and 118:
IRR (%) IRR (%) 36 32 28 24 20 16 1
Page 119:
DECLARATION I hereby certify that t
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