09.03.2013 Views

BLOCKING READER: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A ...

BLOCKING READER: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A ...

BLOCKING READER: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

2.4 Magnetic Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13<br />

2.4.1 Ampers Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14<br />

2.4.2 Gauss’s theorem of magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15<br />

2.5 Maxwell Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15<br />

2.6 Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15<br />

2.6.1 Reader Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16<br />

2.6.2 Tag Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18<br />

2.7 Polarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20<br />

2.8 Multipath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21<br />

2.9 Friss Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22<br />

3. THEORY <strong>OF</strong> <strong>BLOCKING</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />

3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />

3.2 Inside a Passive RFID Tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />

3.3 Reader Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25<br />

4. ISO 180006-C GENERATION-2 PROTOCOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27<br />

4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27<br />

4.2 Reader Protocol Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27<br />

4.2.1 Physical Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28<br />

4.2.2 Tag-identification Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28<br />

4.3 Reader Protocol Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29<br />

4.3.1 Operational Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29<br />

4.3.2 Reader-to-Tag (R⇒T) communications . . . . . . . . . . . . 30<br />

4.3.3 Tag-to-Reader (T⇒R) communications . . . . . . . . . . . . 35<br />

4.3.4 Link timings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36<br />

4.3.5 Reader Commands and Tag replies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38<br />

4.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42<br />

ix

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!