The dissertation of Kelley, IHM, MS_________________ entitled ...

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Grief in Women Religious 8 social support on subjective well-being. Results show that neurotic introverted individuals and introverted people with negative social support reported lower subjective well-being than either the extraverted or neurotic extraverted participants. According to the researchers, these findings may indicate that under adverse circumstances, introverted individuals may experience an increased sensitivity, which may be associated with their reports of lower subjective well-being. These findings may suggest that during times of bereavement, extraverted women religious may rely more on social support than do introverted women religious. In addition, the active religious life permits more interaction and communication with people than does the contemplative religious life. Therefore, while both forms of religious life will include extraverted and introverted members, it would seem likely that more extraverted women would be found in the active religious life than in the contemplative religious life. Furthermore, during periods of bereavement, the limitations imposed on social support by the structure of the contemplative lifestyle may hinder the grief process for extraverted contemplative women religious. Research also suggests that spirituality may influence bereavement. Spirituality Spirituality is multidimensional and defined in many different ways (Miller, 1999). Paloutzian and Ellison (1991) suggest the term spiritual well-being to portray a clearer meaning of spirituality. As indicated by these researchers, when individuals refer to spirituality, they typically imply a relationship with God/ higher power or a contentment and purpose in life. Additionally, according to Miller (1999), spirituality is an attribute of a person and deals with individual subjective experiences. He further reports that spirituality does not necessarily involve religion. The author explains that
Grief in Women Religious 9 spirituality also can focus on an indefinable substance that provides meaning in the individual's life. In recent years, bereavement scholars have attempted to integrate grief studies and spirituality by reflecting on clinical and/or individual experiences. Studies found that, for individuals who believe in God, grief may produce a spiritual crisis that leaves the bereaved depressed, helpless, and hopeless, and it also may raise faith questions that are incongruent with the individual's spiritual roots (Massey, 2000). This spiritual turning point reflects a rupture in the person's present relationship with God and consequently, the bereaved may experience loneliness and desolation (Massey, 2000). Consolation, however, may be obtained by sensing the presence of the deceased in a religious experience such as private prayer, ritual, or prayer services (Klass, 1993). On these occasions the mourners may feel God's presence which brings comfort and peace; however, many will likely still feel the sadness and emptiness associated with grief (Bullitt-Jonas, 1994). Balk's (1999) examination of case studies indicates that bereavement also affects spirituality by challenging innate beliefs about life. This may shake faith systems and lead to a period of inner turmoil as the bereaved searches for new meaning. In order to change the anguish into optimism and be transformed by God, the person must enter into the grief process, face the pain and make sense of the loss (Balk, 1999; Webner, 1999). In this way, spiritual change can occur and the individual may become compassionate (Balk, 1999; Chen, 1997). Therefore, this research may suggest that during times of loss, grief may impact spirituality. Additional research indicates that spirituality is related to the bereavement process. Results of one qualitative study performed by Golsworthy and Coyle (1999)
Page 1 and 2: The dissertation of _____________Do
Page 3 and 4: Running head: GRIEF SYMPTOMS IN WOM
Page 5 and 6: Grief in Women Religious Multiple r
Page 7 and 8: DEDICATION Grief in Women Religious
Page 9 and 10: TABLE 1. TABLE 2. TABLE 3. TABLE 4.
Page 11 and 12: Grief in Women Religious Measures 1
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 1 Introduction Grief in Wom
Page 15 and 16: Grief in Women Religious 3 performe
Page 17 and 18: Grief in Women Religious 5 Material
Page 19: Grief in Women Religious 7 findings
Page 23 and 24: Grief in Women Religious 11 Spiritu
Page 25 and 26: Grief in Women Religious 13 contemp
Page 27 and 28: Grief in Women Religious 15 may be
Page 29 and 30: Grief in Women Religious 17 attempt
Page 31 and 32: Table 1 Summary of Demographic Info
Page 33 and 34: Grief in Women Religious 21 of this
Page 35 and 36: Grief in Women Religious 23 For the
Page 37 and 38: Grief in Women Religious 25 for EWB
Page 39 and 40: Grief in Women Religious 27 The sup
Page 41 and 42: Grief in Women Religious 29 explain
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER III Results Grief in Women
Page 45 and 46: Table 3 cont SWB1 Overall Active Co
Page 47 and 48: Table 5 Grief in Women Religious 35
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER IV Discussion Grief in Wome
Page 55 and 56: Grief in Women Religious 43 women r
Page 57 and 58: Grief in Women Religious 45 Althoug
Page 59 and 60: Grief in Women Religious 47 emptive
Page 61 and 62: Grief in Women Religious 49 religio
Page 63 and 64: Grief in Women Religious 51 Costa,
Page 65 and 66: Grief in Women Religious 53 Herth,
Page 67 and 68: Grief in Women Religious 55 McCrae,
Page 69 and 70: Grief in Women Religious 57 Sanders
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APPENDIX A Human Subject Review Let
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APPENDIX B Texas Revised Inventory
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PART I: PAST BEHAVIOR Grief in Wome
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Grief in Women Religious 65 11. Thi
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INSTRUCTIONS: SSQ Grief in Women Re
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Grief in Women Religious 69 8. Whom
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Grief in Women Religious 71 18. Who
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APPENDIX D NEO-E Grief in Women Rel
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11. I wouldn't enjoy vacationing in
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43. I take a personal interest in t
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SWB Scale Grief in Women Religious
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Grief in Women Religious 81 SWB Sca
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Dear Sister, Cover Letter Grief in
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Background Information Grief in Wom
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Information and Consent Form Grief
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Contact Information for Three Month
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September 2004 Dear Sister, Grief i
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March 2005 Dear Sister, Grief in Wo
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