The dissertation of Kelley, IHM, MS_________________ entitled ...

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Grief in Women Religious 24 as .79 (p < .001; Costa & McCrae, 1992). In the present study, a coefficient alpha of .91 was found for the NEO-E. Spirituality. Spirituality was measured using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB; Paloutzian & Ellison, 1982). The SWB scale gives a global assessment of the subjective spiritual quality of life (see Appendix E). Paloutzian and Ellison (1991) state that the term "spiritual well-being" reflects people's meaning of spirituality as "either their relationship with God or what they understand to be their spiritual being, or their sense of satisfaction with life or purpose in life" (p.2). The SWB total score presents a general measure of an individual's spiritual well-being. Additionally, the SWB contains two subscales. The Religious Well-Being score (RWB) provides an assessment of an individual's relationship with God and the individual's perceived satisfaction with God. The Existential Well-Being (EWB) score assesses an individual's satisfaction with and purpose in life (Paloutzian & Ellison, 1991). The SWB is a 20-item self-administered instrument Responses are given on a 6- point Likert scale ranging from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree." RWB is assessed by the ten even-numbered statements that contain the word "God" and the ten remaining odd numbered items assess EWB (Paloutzian & Ellison, 1991). In an attempt to control for response bias, about half of the items are worded in a negative fashion. The statements are scored from 1 to 6. For positive items, a higher number represents greater well-being, and the negatively worded items are reverse scored. The sum of all 20 items assesses overall spiritual well-being (Paloutzian & Ellison, 1991). Bufford, Paloutzian, and Ellison (1991) found high reliability for the SWB in four test-retest studies. The reliability coefficients ranged from .88 to .98 for RWB, .73 to .98
Grief in Women Religious 25 for EWB, and .82 to .99 for SWB. In addition, the index of internal consistency coefficient alpha, also showed high reliability across seven samples. These results ranged from .82 to .92 for RWB, .78 to .86 for EWB, and .89 to .94 for SWB. Similarly, in the present study, the coefficient alphas for the SWB at time 1 and time 2 were .92 and .90 respectively. Additionally, Bufford et al. (1991) found that the SWB is a valid gauge for overall well-being. The three scales are correlated positively with purpose in life and are correlated negatively with loneliness (Ellison, 1983). A ceiling effect has been reported by the authors in some religious samples (Hill & Hood, 1999). This measure, however, is sensitive at the low end and research suggests that it may be a useful instrument to assess those experiencing spiritual distress or lack of well-being (Hill & Hood, 1999). A pilot study was performed in March 2003 to determine if the SWB scale would be an effective measure to use with women religious. Twenty members of two women religious congregations living in Maryland and Pennsylvania took part in this study. None of these women participated in this present study. It was hypothesized that scores on the modified version of the scale (see Appendix E) would show significantly more variability than would scores on the original version of the scale. The modified scale ranged from 0 to 100 instead of 0 to 5. The reason, for the modification, was concern that the range of 0 to 5 would not show enough variability in such a highly spiritual group. Findings show a mean of 1841.90 and a standard deviation of 143.61 for the modified version. For the original version, a mean of 108.35 and standard deviation of 10.69 was found. The maximum score on the original scale is 120, and the maximum score on the modified scale was 2000. Three women religious reported the maximum
Page 1 and 2: The dissertation of _____________Do
Page 3 and 4: Running head: GRIEF SYMPTOMS IN WOM
Page 5 and 6: Grief in Women Religious Multiple r
Page 7 and 8: DEDICATION Grief in Women Religious
Page 9 and 10: TABLE 1. TABLE 2. TABLE 3. TABLE 4.
Page 11 and 12: Grief in Women Religious Measures 1
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 1 Introduction Grief in Wom
Page 15 and 16: Grief in Women Religious 3 performe
Page 17 and 18: Grief in Women Religious 5 Material
Page 19 and 20: Grief in Women Religious 7 findings
Page 21 and 22: Grief in Women Religious 9 spiritua
Page 23 and 24: Grief in Women Religious 11 Spiritu
Page 25 and 26: Grief in Women Religious 13 contemp
Page 27 and 28: Grief in Women Religious 15 may be
Page 29 and 30: Grief in Women Religious 17 attempt
Page 31 and 32: Table 1 Summary of Demographic Info
Page 33 and 34: Grief in Women Religious 21 of this
Page 35: Grief in Women Religious 23 For the
Page 39 and 40: Grief in Women Religious 27 The sup
Page 41 and 42: Grief in Women Religious 29 explain
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER III Results Grief in Women
Page 45 and 46: Table 3 cont SWB1 Overall Active Co
Page 47 and 48: Table 5 Grief in Women Religious 35
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER IV Discussion Grief in Wome
Page 55 and 56: Grief in Women Religious 43 women r
Page 57 and 58: Grief in Women Religious 45 Althoug
Page 59 and 60: Grief in Women Religious 47 emptive
Page 61 and 62: Grief in Women Religious 49 religio
Page 63 and 64: Grief in Women Religious 51 Costa,
Page 65 and 66: Grief in Women Religious 53 Herth,
Page 67 and 68: Grief in Women Religious 55 McCrae,
Page 69 and 70: Grief in Women Religious 57 Sanders
Page 71 and 72: APPENDIX A Human Subject Review Let
Page 73 and 74: APPENDIX B Texas Revised Inventory
Page 75 and 76: PART I: PAST BEHAVIOR Grief in Wome
Page 77 and 78: Grief in Women Religious 65 11. Thi
Page 79 and 80: INSTRUCTIONS: SSQ Grief in Women Re
Page 81 and 82: Grief in Women Religious 69 8. Whom
Page 83 and 84: Grief in Women Religious 71 18. Who
Page 85 and 86: APPENDIX D NEO-E Grief in Women Rel
Page 87 and 88:
11. I wouldn't enjoy vacationing in
Page 89 and 90:
43. I take a personal interest in t
Page 91 and 92:
SWB Scale Grief in Women Religious
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Grief in Women Religious 81 SWB Sca
Page 95 and 96:
Dear Sister, Cover Letter Grief in
Page 97 and 98:
Background Information Grief in Wom
Page 99 and 100:
Information and Consent Form Grief
Page 101 and 102:
Contact Information for Three Month
Page 103 and 104:
September 2004 Dear Sister, Grief i
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March 2005 Dear Sister, Grief in Wo
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