A flora of Manila - Rainforestation

166
A FLORA OF MANILA
2. GEODORUM Jackson
Terrestrial herbs from underground tuberous rootstocks, the leaves ellip-
tic to lanceolate, plicate. Scapes erect, from the rootstock, stout, sheathed,
shorter than the leaves. Flowers few, crowded in nodding racemes, the
bracts narrow, thin. Sepals and the broader petals conniving or spreading.
Lip sessile on the short column-foot, boat-shaped, with a forked basal
callus. Column short, stout. Anthers 2, appendaged after opening by the
persistent detached covering of the cells.
Species about 9, tropical Asia through Malaya to Australia, 1 in the
Philippines.
1. G. nutans (Presl) Ames. (G. semicrlstatum Lindl.).
A glabrous plant from somewhat fleshy underground roots, reaching
a height of 70 cm. Leaves 2 to 4, large, variable in size, elliptic-oblong to
lanceolate, plicate, acuminate, up to 35 cm long and 7 cm wide, petioled.
Scapes 20 to 50 cm high, leafless, from the base of the leaf-shoot, brac-
teate. Racemes nodding, about 3 cm long in flower, longer in fruit.
Flowers pale-pink to purplish, about 1 cm long, numerous, the lip retuse
or bilobed at the apex. Capsule nodding, about 3.5 cm long. (Fil. Filip.
pi 429.)
In thickets and open places, scattered, fl. July-Aug. ; widely distributed
in the Philippines. Formosa.
3. HABENARIA Willdenow
Erect, simple, leafy, terrestrial herbs, the leaves sheathing at the base,
usually broad. Flowers in terminal spikes or racemes, small to large.
Sepals subequal, or the dorsal one shorter than the others, the lateral ones
ascending to reflexed. Petals shorter or longer than the sepals, entire or
cleft. Lip continuous with the base of the column, entire, 3-lobed, or
3-partite, spurred at the base. Anther adnate to the very short column,
the cells parallel or divergent below, the base often produced into a tube.
Stigma a single or double viscid area on the column below the anthers, or
globose or clavate processes. (Latin "thong" or "rein," from the shape
of the lip in some species.)
Species more than 400, in most temperate and tropical regions, about 20
in the Philippines.
1. Leaves 2 to 5 cm wide.
2. Sepals about 5 mm long 1. H. goodyeroides
2. Sepals 12 to 14 mm long 2. H. pelorioides
1. Leaves linear, less than 1 cm wide 3. H. congesta
1. H. goodyeroides Don.
An erect glabrous plant 30 to 50 cm high. Leaves alternate, near the
middle of the stem, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 5 to 11 cm long. Spike dense,
up to 10 cm long, cylindric, about 1.5 cm thick. Flowers small, yellowishgreen,
the sepals 5 mm long. Petals oblong, obtuse, 4 mm long. Lip trifid,
about as long as the sepals. Spur short, about 1 mm long.
In open grass lands, along streams, Masambong, fl. July-Aug.; widely
distributed in the Philippines. India to China and Formosa, through
Malaya to New Guinea.
2. H. pelorioides Parish & Reichb. f.
An erect, glabrous, leafy plant 30 to 70 cm high, from oblong, 2 to 4 cm
long, fleshy rootstocks. Leaves elliptic-oblong, acute, 5 to 12 cm long, the