A concise and simplified grammar of the Spanish language

100 ETYMOLOGY AND SYNTAX.
that the auxiliary do, used in English in negative and inter-
rogative sentences, is not translated in Spanish.
AGREEMENT OF THE VERB WITH ITS NOMINATIVE.
189. When a Verb has several nominatives connected by
the copulative Conjunction e/, it agrees in number and person
with the Pronoun understood, if it follows the subjects : Ex.
Mi hermana y él han salido. My sister and he are gone out.
Tú y él seréis premiados. Thou and he will be revvEirded.
But when the Verb precedes the subjects, it is generally
made to agree in number and person with the nearest : Ex.
Nunca fué tan espuesto su valor Never was his valor and cony
constancia. stancy so much exposed.
Me ha gustado mucho la novela y I was much pleased with the novel
los poemas. and poems.
Me parecieron muy bien escritas The letters and episode appeared
las cartas y el episodio. to me to be very well written.
190. If the nominatives be connected by any other Con-
junction than y, the Verb, whether it precede or follow the
nominatives, is generally made to agree, in number and person,
with the nearest : Ex.
No solamente Vmd. y él, sino yo Not only you and he, but I also
también lo sabia. knew it.
No solamente yo y él, sino Vmds. Not only I and he, but you also
también lo sabían. knew it.
191. A Verb having a relative Pronoun for its nominative,
agrees with the word to which the relative refers : Ex.
Soy yo el que lo dige. It is I who said so.
Los que lo dicen se engañan. Those that say so are deceived.
GOVERNMENT OF VERBS.
192. Active transitive Verbs govern the word to which
their energy or meaning is directed, in the accusative case,
with or without a Preposition, as the occasion may require.