Mineral Resources Potential - Geothermal Resources

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,3 I MetallicMinerals 115 I But more than half of the Iead used currently comes from recycling I (Hutchison, 1983). Applications Lead is a major constituent of the Lead-acid battery used extensively in car batteries. Lead was used as a white pigment in Lead paint. It is used as a colouring element in ceramic glazes, notably in the colours red and yellow. Lead sticks were used as pencils, but has been replaced by graphite for the last 450 years. The element is used as projectiles for firearms and fishii sinkers because of its density, low cost verse alternative products and ease of use due to relatively low melting point. Lead is used in same candles to treat the wick to enswe a longer, more even burn. Lead is used as shielding from radiation. Molten lead is used as a coolant, e.g. for lead-cooled fast reactors. Lead glass is comprised of 12-2Ph lead. It changes the optical characteristics of the gIass ' and reduces the transmission of radiation. Tetraethyl lead has been used in leaded fuels to reduce engine knocking; however, this is no longer common practice in the Western World due to health concerns. Lead is used as electrodes in the process of electrolysis (Gilbert and Parks, 1986). Origin Lead-zinc deposits are generally accompanied by silver, hosted within the lead sulfide galena or within the zinc sulfi& sphalerite. LRad and zinc-deposits are formed by discharge of deep sedimentary brine onto the sea floor (termed sedimentary exhalative or SEDEX), or by replacement of limestone, in skarn deposits, some associated with submarine volcanoes (called , volcanic-hosted massive sulfide or VHMS) or in the aureole of subvolcanic intrusions of granite. The vast majority of lead and
I I I I 1 16 Mineral Resoumm Potential of Ethiopia zinc deposits are Proterozoic in age. The immense Broken Sll, Century Zinc, Lady Loretta, and Mt Isa deposits in Australia, the Sullivan, Red Dog qd Jason deposib of North America and the Hindustan zinc ~ l&i t ~h&a are all SEDEX type deposits. The limestone replacement type of deposit exemplifies the Mississippi Valley Type (MVT). Some of these occur by
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Mineral Resources Potential of Ethi
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3.6 Chromite ......................
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ii Mineral Resources Potential of E
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iv Mineral Resources Potential of E
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2 Mineral kurces Potential of Ethio
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41 Mhal Rmum Potential of Ethiopia
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6 Mined Resources Potential of Ethi
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up the marine Mmic sequence within
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10 Mineral Resources Potmtia! of Et
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Map of East Africa showing some of
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~aln-ggrwpll ~lrln lll~ ~gpb) "comp
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g 8 2 550-500 Ma? Y7 Pan African om
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Gmlogical uuliinr: 1 9 Red Sea and
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Geological outline 2.1 ' 01' hhiopi
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24 Mineral Resourca Potential of Et
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26 Mineral Resources Potential of E
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28 Mineral Resources Potential of M
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Geoloaicsll outline 3 1 Sllc Sedime
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- Kenya border (e.g. Haramsam, Hasa
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I 987). Origin oed~g~&#&-$hg f ~ l
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Metallic M W s 37 jewelry, gold is
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Metallic Minerals 39 to 40O0c). The
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Omgenic mesolhermal gold deposits i
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Metallic Mincrals 43 quartz schists
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Ah Mincml RLWUKCS l'utential or Eth
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'-& -. ,.:& Metallic Minds 49. - -
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. 46 '& 52 Mineral Resources Potent
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54 Mineral Resources Potential of E
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k 56 Mineral Rtsoum Potential of Et
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wide. Propylitic dtetatibln,~ which
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I' Other sidlar structures ~ b lof
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Page 81 and 82: I Figure 16 Plawrgoldminiihm adoepp
Page 83 and 84: Platinum deposits in Ethiopia Mcmll
Page 85 and 86: Metallic Minwala 75 for mineralized
Page 87 and 88: Metallic Minerals 77 Pigrrro 18 A)
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Page 95 and 96: Figure 28 Tantslite promsing plant;
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Page 99 and 100: SEPI* 3 Km 0- Figure 30 Geology of
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Page 118 and 119: 3.6 Chromite Metallic Minerals 109
Page 120 and 121: 3.7 Manganese deposit Occurrence Me
Page 122 and 123: Metallic Minalals 1 13 ,. 3.8 Base
Page 126 and 127: Metallic Minemls 1 17 water colours
Page 128 and 129: Metallic Minds 119 sediments over t
Page 130 and 131: 1 Metallic M inds 121 into most sil
Page 132 and 133: Chapter 4 Industrial minerals Indus
Page 134 and 135: Industrial Minerals 125 dolomite. M
Page 136 and 137: Induslrid M i d 127 concentration o
Page 138 and 139: 43 Bentonite Industrial Minerals 12
Page 140 and 141: alteration (hydrothermal and weathe
Page 142 and 143: silica sand, by the capacity of the
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Page 146 and 147: I FIm 33 Magtmite block from ~h mag
Page 148 and 149: 4.8 Talc Occurrence Industrial M in
Page 150 and 151: ~ .. - Industrial Minerals .. 14 1
Page 152 and 153: hx several. fum incldiing ;, glass
Page 154 and 155: Itldwtrial Minds 143 Specific varie
Page 156 and 157: I ndusttial Minerals 147 The formul
Page 158 and 159: InaustrialMbemls 149 southwestern E
Page 160 and 161: Applications Industrial Minerals 15
Page 162 and 163: ,+ Industrial MimlS : -153 977 also
Page 164 and 165: I I I ApplCcp1tio1~~ Indudrial Mine
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Page 168 and 169: 1 I Industrial Mjnorah '1 59 (bariu
Page 170 and 171: Industrial Minerals 161 called p om
Page 172 and 173: ammonium-nitrogen by ion dchange an
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Industrial Minerals 165 Moyale grap
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1 ' ".:-' 168 :@inaal .Reso~r&:Potm
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w;i;y Gems~ones and Semi-precious S
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6.1 Corundum (ruby and sapphire) Sa
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I 1 b Gemstones and Semi-precious S
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Gemstones and Semi-~wious Stones 19
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Gemstones and hi-&ws Stones 195 Bab
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1 Gemstones and Semi-prmious Stones
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7.1 Fossil fuels Chapter 7 Energy R
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Energy Kesoams 20 1 CreWus Age (abo
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, m Enwgy Resources 203 dull materi
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P . , Ug&e (CbilgiType) hrw mrces 2
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General characteristics of the coal
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I I I t ! a Five principal tmigenou
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Enagy Resou- 2 1 1 commenced with q
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" ' le 1 ' Other cod (lignite) occu
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I - 7.13 Oil and gas Energy Reso- 2
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Top petroleum-produchg countries En
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Enew Resources 2 19 gas resources i
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underneath the Tertiary rift strata
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En- Resowlew ~3 dry rock, geopressd
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Y I Resources Potential of Ethiopia
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228 Mineral P O W of Ethiopia
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230 Mineral Rwurces Potential of mh
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232 Mind Resources Potentid of Ethi
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Summary and concludons The aim of t
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@ G;' 240 Mind Resou- Potential of
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References Abdelselam, M.G., Stm, R
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!J ; northem sector of the MER: rel
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Getaneh, A,, Saxena, G.N. (1 984).
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hkC~ux, E., Milk&, J.P.) (1993). Le
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-= 251 Reinhardt, P., Sisay, D. "Ev
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254 Mineral Resouroes Potential of
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Annex 1. Major mineral deposits of
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260 Mineral Resources Potential of
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I 1 NAME Afa (Dabw Insin) Ahtu Afla
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Gaada GLidmol a i i 2 Gbimira bkn G
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- - NAME IDEhTlF. SUBSTANCE Lake nb
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NAME I Sam (Ni) Ss-w IDENTIF. SUBST
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I NAME Kanticba (Au) Ogaden (htr, O
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280 Minerd Remmxs Potential of Ethi
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286 Miml Resources Potential of Eth
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I exploration ZBO Mind Resources Po
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