Mineral Resources Potential - Geothermal Resources

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2 t6 Mineral R m m Potential of Eihiopia
Oil traps can be divided into those that form as a result of
geologic structms like folds and fhults, called structural traps, and
those that form as a result of stratigraphic relationships between
rock units, called stratigraphic traps. 'If petroleum has migrated
into a memoir formed by one of these traps,lt-is important to note
that the petroleum, like groundwater, wiII occur in the pore spaces
of the rock. Natural gas will occur above the oil, which in turn will
overly water in the pore spaces of the reservoir. This occurs
because the density of natural gas is lower than that of oil which in
turn is lower than that of water.
Oil recovery
The process of ail recovery is essentially the proc,gs of getting oil
from the places where oil exists in the ground (whether onshore or
offshore) and into processing plants for rehing so that oil is
suitable for industrial and residential purposes. The ways to
recover oil through a conventional well-bore are known as
p-y, wndary, and tertiary (enhanced), but some
unconventional methads are dm becoming popular,
Oil, which is usudly called crude oil in its most basic form,
is a valuable fuel whose chemical makeup is a mixture of
hydrocarbon fuels: kerosene, dissolved n W
gas, naphtha, Iight
and heavy heating oils, diesel fuel, tars, beme, bd gasoline. It is
formed over millions of years by the action of heat and pressure on
organic material buried deep within rock, and typically exists in
combination with salt water, natural gas, and soil. Most of the
world's oil comes h m huge, seemingly inexhaustible subterranean
patches of p us, oi2-permeated rock. The oil is confined to a
certain location, or "trap," by other layers of impermeable rock
(usually types of shale) andlor faults.