"Development of microbial treatment of ret liquor generated in a coir ...

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incubated over magnetic stirrer and monitored for the factors such as colour, pH, and total polyphenols, once in every 24hours. 2.2.l.b. Determination of colour Colour was determined following APHA (1989) by visual comparison of the sample culture with known concentration of coloured solution. A series of known concentrations of chloroplatinum standard was made in distilled water and the sample was compared visually to determine the colour which was expressed as colour units. z.z.t.e, Determination of pH Change in pH of the culture was determined by using narrow range pH paper (E-Merck) which was already calibrated using a pH meter (Elico model). Bits ofpH paper was placed on ceramic tiles and a drop of culture was aseptically removed and placed on it. The change in colour was noted after one minute and within two to three minutes. 13
2.2.l.d. Determination of total polyphenols Total polyphenol content in the enrichment system was determined colourimetrically following APHA(l989). In this method tungstophosphoric acid and molybdophosphoric acids were reduced by the aromatic hydroxylated groups of tannins and lignins. In this method to 50ml portions of the sample lml Folin phenol reagent and lOml carbonate tartarate reagent were added and the blue colour developed after 30 minutes was read at 700nm. Tannic acid was run as the standard along with reagent blank which was run in distilled water. 2.2.l.e. Successive enrichment On attaining sufficient disappearance of polyphenols from the culture broth, 25ml ofthe culture was passaged to another broth of 225ml having the same composition and incubated for the same period along with monitoring of the same parameters. The process was repeated three more times and at every stage of transference heterotrophic bacteria were isolated as described below. 14
Page 1 and 2: DEVELOPMENT OF MICROBIAL TREATMENT
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I sincerely dedica
Page 7: I also thank all my colleagues Mr.T
Page 10 and 11: 2.3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 37 2.3
Page 12: CHAPTER -1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Page 15 and 16: 'mallis' and dumped in water. Rocky
Page 17 and 18: activity has been attributed to bac
Page 19 and 20: habitat, for oysters, clams and mus
Page 22 and 23: along with the once generated by th
Page 24 and 25: CHAPTER-2 DEVELOPMENT OF MICROBIAL
Page 28 and 29: 2.2.2. Isolation of heterotrophic b
Page 31 and 32: The above medium was aseptically di
Page 33: polyphenol content in each flask wa
Page 36: output in each case. A culture was
Page 39 and 40: The plates were then flooded with G
Page 41 and 42: The medium was autoclaved at 10lbs
Page 43: 2.2.8.d. Isolation of organisms Two
Page 46 and 47: after adjusting pH t07.5±O.2 and a
Page 48 and 49: 2.2.9.b. Isolation and segregation
Page 51 and 52: energy sources and their percentage
Page 54 and 55: In a similar manner from 7 samples
Page 56: media were segregated. These proced
Page 59 and 60: Table 2.1. Monitoring an enrichment
Page 62 and 63: Table 2.5 Enrichment, isolation, pr
Page 64: Table 2.6. Secondary screening of t
Page 68 and 69: Table 2.9. Enrichment, isolation, p
Page 70 and 71: Table 2.11. Enrichment, isolation,
Page 72 and 73: Table 2.13. Bacterial Cultures fina
Page 76 and 77:
CHAPTER 3 DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVATED
Page 78 and 79:
Once in 24 hours the pH was adjuste
Page 80:
a hot plate and kept boiling gently
Page 84 and 85:
3.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION For the
Page 87:
On comparing the oxygen consumption
Page 90:
ultimately implemented by individua
Page 98 and 99:
CHAPTER-4 PACKED BED REACTOR
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point 36 cm from the base an inlet
Page 102 and 103:
4.2.3. Inoculating the packed bed w
Page 104 and 105:
the process repeated without any ad
Page 106 and 107:
adsorption of cel1 on to the shel1
Page 108 and 109:
order to persist in this environmen
Page 111 and 112:
FigA.2 100 90 80 70 c 0 ..... a. E
Page 113 and 114:
c: 0 100 90 80 70 .... a- 60 E ::>
Page 118 and 119:
• In a similar manner from the ab
Page 120 and 121:
• There existed a positive correl
Page 122 and 123:
• This type of circulation takes
Page 124:
LEGEND 1. Magnetic coupled pump 2.
Page 127 and 128:
REFERENCES Adamson , A.W. 1982. phy
Page 129 and 130:
Buchnan, R.E., and N.E Gibbons. 197
Page 131 and 132:
Fowler G.J., and Marsden F.J. 1925,
Page 133 and 134:
Marshall,K.C. 1985. Bacterial adhes
Page 135 and 136:
Pike, E.B., and C.R.Curds, 1971. Th
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